Again, we shall turn our attention to the correlated studies
and secondary olfactory centers which correspond to the
of SÎFUCÎUVe and function Of the 3h brain.
A5 early 83
archicortex of mammals, the so-called olfactory brain.
The
1899, C. J. Herrick, the pioneer of comparative neurology,
telencephalon consists of the bulbus oltactorius and the
emphasized
“the importance Of comparative neurology as a
lobus oltactorius, both of which are linked by the tractus
method of research in an organization of sciences for the
olfactorius.
Oltactory nerves stem from the bulbus and
investigation of the phenomena ot consciousness and their
are
distributed in olfactory membrane.
As observed in
physiological
concomitants ” under the guidance of the
higher animals, the bulbus olfactorius and the lobus
theory of nerve components in the study of the teleostean
olfactorius are in close contact with each other, however, in
central nervous system.
Based on functional analysis,
some
cases, the bulbus olfactorius and the [obus olfactorius
Herrick has described pertinently that the sh brain can be
are
separated and united by a long tract (*(ï_vprinus carpz‘o,
divided into a “
nose
brain ”, an “
eye brain ”, an “ear
*Carassz‘us am-atus, *Gadus 771ac;‘Ocep/zalzzs).
lt is presumed that
brain ”, a “visceral brain ” and a “skin brain”.
How sh
the dierence in the type of their connection is inuenced
feed, in what kind of environment they live, what kind of
by the position of the nostrils and the shape of the cranium
movements they make, etc., all of these behavioral
and cannot be considered to have any correlation to the
functions of sh have unmistakable effect, in many cases,
degree of development of olfaction,
upon the brain.
Based on this conception, numerous studies
Generally, the lobus olfactorius is the secondary olfactory
regarding the brains of a great many sh were published by
center and is divided into three areas: nucleus olfactorius
Ariens Kappers and his associates.
Many of these studies
lateralis, nucleus olfactorius medialis and nucleus olfactorius
are collected in “The Comparative Anatomy of the Nervous
dorsalis.
Some of the descending bers originating in these
System of Vertebrates including Man ”
by Ariens Kappers,
areas, decussate at the anterior commissure.
Huber and Crosby (1936).
Furthermore, as a study which
Some bers do not decussate but proceed either to the
thoroughly investigated this subject, we must mention the
epithalamus (habenulae) or the hypothalamus.
The degree
research work of Evans (1931) and his associate, Bhimachar
of development of the secondary olfactory centers has
(1935).
Particularly, in “ Brain and Body of
of
direct relation to the dierence between sh with
Brain Pattern in relation to Hunting and Feeding in Fish”
well-developed olfaction and those with less-developed
by Evans (1940), correlation between brain pattern and
olfaction.
However, in the sh, the palaeostriatum, where
function in many sh had been found.
Study along the
relatively large nerve cells are distributed, is observed in
same
line is being conducted in the Soviet Union by
the area, ie, the center portion of the [obus oltactorius,
Pavlowski and Kurepina (1953) and their co-workers,
and is surrounded by the olfactory secondary centers
particularly Svedvidov (1953).
In view of structure and
mentioned above.
function, since World War Il, Uchihashi, Shimamura and I
The palaeostriatum is principally united with the
have engaged in the study of the brains of teleosts which
hypothalamus by ascending and descending bers as will be
were
procured in Japan.
Materials of our study are
illustrated later.
The palaeostriatum is considered not to be
condensed in this Atlas.
! will now give a general outline of
a
pure olfactory center but an olfacto-somatic correlation
the record of research on structure and function of the
center.
The amount of development of the palaeostriatum
teleostean brain which has been developed by many
seems to show the difference in degree of nervous activity
comparative neurologists up to the present time.
between higher and lower forms of sh (=iïäcanfhopagrus
sc/zlegelä).
Entopeduncuiar nucleus which is of more somatic
As has been emphasized previously, the telencephalon of
nature is observed in the transitory area from the
the sh is an interesting subject from the neurological
telencephalon to the diencephalon.
ln sh, there also exist
point of view, as it provides a starting point for research on
the lateral and medial forebrain bundles which unite
the telencephalon of higher animals.
ln short, almost all
palaeostriatum and olfactory secondary centers with certain
parts of the telencephalon of sh constitute the primary
areas
Of the hypothalamus and the thalamus in the
and secondary olfactory centers which correspond to the
of SÎFUCÎUVe and function Of the 3h brain.
A5 early 83
archicortex of mammals, the so-called olfactory brain.
The
1899, C. J. Herrick, the pioneer of comparative neurology,
telencephalon consists of the bulbus oltactorius and the
emphasized
“the importance Of comparative neurology as a
lobus oltactorius, both of which are linked by the tractus
method of research in an organization of sciences for the
olfactorius.
Oltactory nerves stem from the bulbus and
investigation of the phenomena ot consciousness and their
are
distributed in olfactory membrane.
As observed in
physiological
concomitants ” under the guidance of the
higher animals, the bulbus olfactorius and the lobus
theory of nerve components in the study of the teleostean
olfactorius are in close contact with each other, however, in
central nervous system.
Based on functional analysis,
some
cases, the bulbus olfactorius and the [obus olfactorius
Herrick has described pertinently that the sh brain can be
are
separated and united by a long tract (*(ï_vprinus carpz‘o,
divided into a “
nose
brain ”, an “
eye brain ”, an “ear
*Carassz‘us am-atus, *Gadus 771ac;‘Ocep/zalzzs).
lt is presumed that
brain ”, a “visceral brain ” and a “skin brain”.
How sh
the dierence in the type of their connection is inuenced
feed, in what kind of environment they live, what kind of
by the position of the nostrils and the shape of the cranium
movements they make, etc., all of these behavioral
and cannot be considered to have any correlation to the
functions of sh have unmistakable effect, in many cases,
degree of development of olfaction,
upon the brain.
Based on this conception, numerous studies
Generally, the lobus olfactorius is the secondary olfactory
regarding the brains of a great many sh were published by
center and is divided into three areas: nucleus olfactorius
Ariens Kappers and his associates.
Many of these studies
lateralis, nucleus olfactorius medialis and nucleus olfactorius
are collected in “The Comparative Anatomy of the Nervous
dorsalis.
Some of the descending bers originating in these
System of Vertebrates including Man ”
by Ariens Kappers,
areas, decussate at the anterior commissure.
Huber and Crosby (1936).
Furthermore, as a study which
Some bers do not decussate but proceed either to the
thoroughly investigated this subject, we must mention the
epithalamus (habenulae) or the hypothalamus.
The degree
research work of Evans (1931) and his associate, Bhimachar
of development of the secondary olfactory centers has
(1935).
Particularly, in “ Brain and Body of
of
direct relation to the dierence between sh with
Brain Pattern in relation to Hunting and Feeding in Fish”
well-developed olfaction and those with less-developed
by Evans (1940), correlation between brain pattern and
olfaction.
However, in the sh, the palaeostriatum, where
function in many sh had been found.
Study along the
relatively large nerve cells are distributed, is observed in
same
line is being conducted in the Soviet Union by
the area, ie, the center portion of the [obus oltactorius,
Pavlowski and Kurepina (1953) and their co-workers,
and is surrounded by the olfactory secondary centers
particularly Svedvidov (1953).
In view of structure and
mentioned above.
function, since World War Il, Uchihashi, Shimamura and I
The palaeostriatum is principally united with the
have engaged in the study of the brains of teleosts which
hypothalamus by ascending and descending bers as will be
were
procured in Japan.
Materials of our study are
illustrated later.
The palaeostriatum is considered not to be
condensed in this Atlas.
! will now give a general outline of
a
pure olfactory center but an olfacto-somatic correlation
the record of research on structure and function of the
center.
The amount of development of the palaeostriatum
teleostean brain which has been developed by many
seems to show the difference in degree of nervous activity
comparative neurologists up to the present time.
between higher and lower forms of sh (=iïäcanfhopagrus
sc/zlegelä).
Entopeduncuiar nucleus which is of more somatic
As has been emphasized previously, the telencephalon of
nature is observed in the transitory area from the
the sh is an interesting subject from the neurological
telencephalon to the diencephalon.
ln sh, there also exist
point of view, as it provides a starting point for research on
the lateral and medial forebrain bundles which unite
the telencephalon of higher animals.
ln short, almost all
palaeostriatum and olfactory secondary centers with certain
parts of the telencephalon of sh constitute the primary
areas
Of the hypothalamus and the thalamus in the