Contents
Introduction
1
The Challenge............................................................................. 1
What is Hyperspectral Imaging? .................................................... 2
Structure of the Book................................................................... 4
Part I General
1 Hyperspectral Sensors and Applications
11
1.1 Introduction....................................................................... 11
1.2 Multi-spectral Scanning Systems (MSS) .................................. 11
1.3 Hyperspectral Systems......................................................... 14
1.3.1 Airborne sensors....................................................... 14
1.3.2 Spaceborne sensors ................................................... 23
1.4 Ground Spectroscopy........................................................... 27
1.5 Software for Hyperspectral Processing................................... 29
1.6 Applications....................................................................... 30
1.6.1 Atmosphere and Hydrosphere..................................... 30
1.6.2 Vegetation ................................................................ 33
1.6.3 Soils and Geology...................................................... 38
1.6.4 Environmental Hazards and Anthropogenic Activity...... 39
1. 7 Summary........................................................................... 40
2 Overview of Image Processing
51
2.1 Introduction....................................................................... 51
2.2 Image File Formats.............................................................. 52
2.3 Image Distortion and Rectification........................................ 53
2.3.1 Radiometric Distortion .............................................. 53
2.3.2 Geometric Distortion and Rectification........................ 54
2.4 Image Registration.............................................................. 56
2.5 Image Enhancement............................................................ 57
2.5.1 Point Operations ....................................................... 57
2.5.2 Geometric Operations................................................ 63
2.6 Image Classification ............................................................ 66
Introduction
1
The Challenge............................................................................. 1
What is Hyperspectral Imaging? .................................................... 2
Structure of the Book................................................................... 4
Part I General
1 Hyperspectral Sensors and Applications
11
1.1 Introduction....................................................................... 11
1.2 Multi-spectral Scanning Systems (MSS) .................................. 11
1.3 Hyperspectral Systems......................................................... 14
1.3.1 Airborne sensors....................................................... 14
1.3.2 Spaceborne sensors ................................................... 23
1.4 Ground Spectroscopy........................................................... 27
1.5 Software for Hyperspectral Processing................................... 29
1.6 Applications....................................................................... 30
1.6.1 Atmosphere and Hydrosphere..................................... 30
1.6.2 Vegetation ................................................................ 33
1.6.3 Soils and Geology...................................................... 38
1.6.4 Environmental Hazards and Anthropogenic Activity...... 39
1. 7 Summary........................................................................... 40
2 Overview of Image Processing
51
2.1 Introduction....................................................................... 51
2.2 Image File Formats.............................................................. 52
2.3 Image Distortion and Rectification........................................ 53
2.3.1 Radiometric Distortion .............................................. 53
2.3.2 Geometric Distortion and Rectification........................ 54
2.4 Image Registration.............................................................. 56
2.5 Image Enhancement............................................................ 57
2.5.1 Point Operations ....................................................... 57
2.5.2 Geometric Operations................................................ 63
2.6 Image Classification ............................................................ 66