and scattering) of various PFTs, accompanied with HPLC pigment analysis or
microscopic taxonomy, so that PFTs can be better estimated from satellite imagery
not only in the open ocean, but also in coastal waters.
At the time of this writing, VIIRS has been in orbit since late 2011, and
preliminary data products are available online to the science community. Once
validated, the VIIRS Chl data product is expected to continue the SeaWiFS/
MODISA/MERIS observations of the global ocean and extend the legacy of these
missions to further strengthen our understanding of ocean carbon cycles, the ocean
response to climate variability and anthropogenic influence, and to help establish a
multi-decadal Chl Climate Data Record to address both science and management
needs.
Acknowledgments This review chapter reflects the collective community effort on all aspects of
ocean color research from sensor development, calibration, in situ measurement, algorithm
development, data archiving and sharing, to scientific research and applications. The authors are
particularly grateful to NASA for both financial and data support. Due to space limitations, the
authors could only briefly present some examples from a wealth of literature while many other
studies that were not covered here can be accessed through the cited references. We are indebted
to an anonymous reviewer who provided very detailed comments and suggestions on this
manuscript.
References
Ahmad Z, Franz BA, Charles CR, Kwiatkowska EJ, Werdell J, Shettle EP, Holben BN (2010)
New aerosol models for the retrieval of aerosol optical thickness and normalized waterleaving radiances from the SeaWiFS and MODIS sensors over coastal regions and open
oceans. Appl Opt 49:5545–5560
Alvain S, Moulin C, Dandonneau Y, Breon FM (2005) Remote sensing of phytoplankton groups
in case 1 waters from global SeaWiFS imagery. Deep Sea Res Part I 52:1989–2004
Antoine D, Morel A, Gordon HR, Banzon VF, Evans RH (2005) Bridging ocean color
observations of the 1980s and 2000s in search of long-term trends. J Geophys Res.
doi:10.1029/2004JC002620
Antoine D, d’Ortenzio F, Hooker SB, Bécu G, Gentili B, Tailliez D, Scott AJ (2008) Assessment
of uncertainty in the ocean reflectance determined by three satellite ocean color sensors
(MERIS, SeaWiFS and MODIS-A) at an offshore site in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE
project). J Geophys Res 113. doi:10.1029/2007JC004472
Antoine D, Siegel DA, Kostadinov T, Maritorena S, Nelson NB, Gentili B, Vellucci V,
Guillocheau N (2011) Variability in optical particle backscattering in contrasting bio-optical
oceanic regimes. Limnol Oceanogr 56:955–973
Arnone RA, Martinolich P, Gould RW Jr, Stumpf R, Ladner S (1998) Coastal optical properties
using SeaWiFS.SPIE. In: Ackleson S, Campbell, J (eds) Proceedings of Ocean Optics XIV,
Office of Naval Research, Washington, DC, 1998
Arrigo KR, van Dijken GL, Pabi S (2008) The impact of a shrinking Arctic ice cover on marine
primary production. Geophy Res Lett 35:L19603. doi:10.1029/2008GL035028
Babin SM, Carton JA, Dickey TD, Wiggert JD (2004) Satellite evidence of hurricane-induced
phytoplankton blooms in an oceanic desert. J Geophys Res 109:C03043. doi:10.1029/
2003JC001938
194
C. Hu and J. Campbell
microscopic taxonomy, so that PFTs can be better estimated from satellite imagery
not only in the open ocean, but also in coastal waters.
At the time of this writing, VIIRS has been in orbit since late 2011, and
preliminary data products are available online to the science community. Once
validated, the VIIRS Chl data product is expected to continue the SeaWiFS/
MODISA/MERIS observations of the global ocean and extend the legacy of these
missions to further strengthen our understanding of ocean carbon cycles, the ocean
response to climate variability and anthropogenic influence, and to help establish a
multi-decadal Chl Climate Data Record to address both science and management
needs.
Acknowledgments This review chapter reflects the collective community effort on all aspects of
ocean color research from sensor development, calibration, in situ measurement, algorithm
development, data archiving and sharing, to scientific research and applications. The authors are
particularly grateful to NASA for both financial and data support. Due to space limitations, the
authors could only briefly present some examples from a wealth of literature while many other
studies that were not covered here can be accessed through the cited references. We are indebted
to an anonymous reviewer who provided very detailed comments and suggestions on this
manuscript.
References
Ahmad Z, Franz BA, Charles CR, Kwiatkowska EJ, Werdell J, Shettle EP, Holben BN (2010)
New aerosol models for the retrieval of aerosol optical thickness and normalized waterleaving radiances from the SeaWiFS and MODIS sensors over coastal regions and open
oceans. Appl Opt 49:5545–5560
Alvain S, Moulin C, Dandonneau Y, Breon FM (2005) Remote sensing of phytoplankton groups
in case 1 waters from global SeaWiFS imagery. Deep Sea Res Part I 52:1989–2004
Antoine D, Morel A, Gordon HR, Banzon VF, Evans RH (2005) Bridging ocean color
observations of the 1980s and 2000s in search of long-term trends. J Geophys Res.
doi:10.1029/2004JC002620
Antoine D, d’Ortenzio F, Hooker SB, Bécu G, Gentili B, Tailliez D, Scott AJ (2008) Assessment
of uncertainty in the ocean reflectance determined by three satellite ocean color sensors
(MERIS, SeaWiFS and MODIS-A) at an offshore site in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE
project). J Geophys Res 113. doi:10.1029/2007JC004472
Antoine D, Siegel DA, Kostadinov T, Maritorena S, Nelson NB, Gentili B, Vellucci V,
Guillocheau N (2011) Variability in optical particle backscattering in contrasting bio-optical
oceanic regimes. Limnol Oceanogr 56:955–973
Arnone RA, Martinolich P, Gould RW Jr, Stumpf R, Ladner S (1998) Coastal optical properties
using SeaWiFS.SPIE. In: Ackleson S, Campbell, J (eds) Proceedings of Ocean Optics XIV,
Office of Naval Research, Washington, DC, 1998
Arrigo KR, van Dijken GL, Pabi S (2008) The impact of a shrinking Arctic ice cover on marine
primary production. Geophy Res Lett 35:L19603. doi:10.1029/2008GL035028
Babin SM, Carton JA, Dickey TD, Wiggert JD (2004) Satellite evidence of hurricane-induced
phytoplankton blooms in an oceanic desert. J Geophys Res 109:C03043. doi:10.1029/
2003JC001938
194
C. Hu and J. Campbell