Holland E, Gloor M, Harmon ME, Fan S-M, Sarmiento JL, Goodale CL, Schimel D, Field CB
(2001) Consistent land- and atmosphere-based U.S. carbon sink estimates. Science
292:2316–2320
Pan Y et al (2011a) A large and persistent carbon sink in the world’s forests. Science
333:988–993
Pan Y, Chen JM, Birdsey R, McCullough K, He L, Deng F (2011b) Age structure and disturbance
legacy of North American forests. Biogeosciences 8(715–732):979–1020
Penuelas J, Gamon JA, Griffin KL, Field CB (1993) Assessing community type, plant biomass,
pigment composition, and photosynthetic efficiency of aquatic vegetation from spectral
reflectance. Remote Sens Environ 46:110–118
Potter CS, Randerson JT, Field CB, Matson PA, Vitousek PM, Mooney HA, Klosster SA (1993)
Terrestrial ecosystem production—a process model based on global satellite and surface data.
Glob Biogeochem Cycles 7:811–841
Rahman AF, Sims DA, Cordova VD, El-Masri BZ (2005) Potential of MODIS EVI and surface
temperature for directly estimating per-pixel ecosystem C fluxes. Geophy Res Lett
32:L19404. doi:10.1029/2005GL024127
Ranson KJ, Daughtry CST, Biehl LL, Bauer ME (1985) Sun-view angle effects on reflectance
factors of corn canopies. Remote Sens Environ 18:47–161
Reichstein M, Falge E, Baldocchi D, Papale D, Aubinet M, Berbigier P, Bernhofer C, Buchmann
N, Gilmanov T, Granier A, Grunwald T, Havrankova K, Ilvesniemi H, Janous D, Knohl A,
Laurila T, Lohila A, Loustau D, Matteucci G, Meyers T, Miglietta F, Ourcival JM, Pumpanen
J, Rambal S, Rotenberg E, Sanz M, Tenhunen J, Seufert G, Vaccari F, Vesala T, Yakir D,
Valentini R (2005) On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and
ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm. Glob Change Biol 11:1424–1439
Richardson AD, Hollinger DY, Aber JD, Qllinger SV, Braswell BH (2007) Environmental
variation is directly responsible for short- but not long-term variation in forest-atmosphere
carbon exchange. Glob Change Biol 13:788–803
Richardson AD, Black TA, Ciais P, Delbart N, Friedl MA, Gobron N, Hollinger DY, Kutsch WL,
Longdoz B, Luyssaert S, Migliavacca M, Montagnani L, Munger JW, Moors E, Piao S,
Rebmann C, Reichstein M, Saigusa N, Tomelleri E, Vargas R, Varlagin A (2010) Influence of
spring and autumn phenological transition on forest ecosystem productivity. Philos Trans R
Soc B 365:3227–3246
Rienecker MM, Suarez MJ, Gelaro R, Todling R, Bacmeister J, Liu E et al (2011) MERRA—
NASA’s modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications. J Clim
24:3624–3648. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00015.1
RuleQuest (2008) http://www.rulequest.com. Accessed 18 Oct 2007
Running SW, Hunt ER (1993) Generalization of a forest ecosystem process model for other
biomes, Biome-BGC, and an application for global-scale models. Scaling processes between
leaf and landscape levels. In: Ehleringer JR, Field CB (eds) Scaling physiological processes:
leaf to globe. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 141–158
Ryan MG (1991) Effects of climate change on plant respiration. Ecol Appl 1:157–167
Ryan MG, Law BE (2005) Interpreting, measuring, and modeling soil respiration. Biogeochemistry 73:3–27
Schimel D, Melillo J, Tian H, McGuire AD, Kicklighter D, Kittel T, Rosenbloom N, Running S,
Thornton P, Ojima D, Parton W, Kelly R, Sykes M, Neilson R, Rizzo B (2000) Contribution
of increasing CO 2 and climate to carbon storage by ecosystems in the United States. Science
287:2004–2006
Schmid HP (1994) Source areas for scalars and scalar fluxes. Bound Layer Meteorol 67:293–318
Sellers PJ, Randall DA, Betts AK, Hall FG, Berry JA, Collatz GJ, Denning AS, Mooney HA,
Nobre CA, Sato N, Field CB, Henderson-sellers A (1997) Modeling the exchanges of energy,
water, and carbon between continents and the atmosphere. Science 275:502–509
Shroyer JP, Thompson C, Brown R, Ohlenbach PD, Fjell DL, Staggenborg S, Duncan S, Kilgore
GL (1996) Kansas crop planting guide, vol L-818. Kansas State University, Manhattan, pp 2
6 Assessing Net Ecosystem Exchange
167
(2001) Consistent land- and atmosphere-based U.S. carbon sink estimates. Science
292:2316–2320
Pan Y et al (2011a) A large and persistent carbon sink in the world’s forests. Science
333:988–993
Pan Y, Chen JM, Birdsey R, McCullough K, He L, Deng F (2011b) Age structure and disturbance
legacy of North American forests. Biogeosciences 8(715–732):979–1020
Penuelas J, Gamon JA, Griffin KL, Field CB (1993) Assessing community type, plant biomass,
pigment composition, and photosynthetic efficiency of aquatic vegetation from spectral
reflectance. Remote Sens Environ 46:110–118
Potter CS, Randerson JT, Field CB, Matson PA, Vitousek PM, Mooney HA, Klosster SA (1993)
Terrestrial ecosystem production—a process model based on global satellite and surface data.
Glob Biogeochem Cycles 7:811–841
Rahman AF, Sims DA, Cordova VD, El-Masri BZ (2005) Potential of MODIS EVI and surface
temperature for directly estimating per-pixel ecosystem C fluxes. Geophy Res Lett
32:L19404. doi:10.1029/2005GL024127
Ranson KJ, Daughtry CST, Biehl LL, Bauer ME (1985) Sun-view angle effects on reflectance
factors of corn canopies. Remote Sens Environ 18:47–161
Reichstein M, Falge E, Baldocchi D, Papale D, Aubinet M, Berbigier P, Bernhofer C, Buchmann
N, Gilmanov T, Granier A, Grunwald T, Havrankova K, Ilvesniemi H, Janous D, Knohl A,
Laurila T, Lohila A, Loustau D, Matteucci G, Meyers T, Miglietta F, Ourcival JM, Pumpanen
J, Rambal S, Rotenberg E, Sanz M, Tenhunen J, Seufert G, Vaccari F, Vesala T, Yakir D,
Valentini R (2005) On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and
ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm. Glob Change Biol 11:1424–1439
Richardson AD, Hollinger DY, Aber JD, Qllinger SV, Braswell BH (2007) Environmental
variation is directly responsible for short- but not long-term variation in forest-atmosphere
carbon exchange. Glob Change Biol 13:788–803
Richardson AD, Black TA, Ciais P, Delbart N, Friedl MA, Gobron N, Hollinger DY, Kutsch WL,
Longdoz B, Luyssaert S, Migliavacca M, Montagnani L, Munger JW, Moors E, Piao S,
Rebmann C, Reichstein M, Saigusa N, Tomelleri E, Vargas R, Varlagin A (2010) Influence of
spring and autumn phenological transition on forest ecosystem productivity. Philos Trans R
Soc B 365:3227–3246
Rienecker MM, Suarez MJ, Gelaro R, Todling R, Bacmeister J, Liu E et al (2011) MERRA—
NASA’s modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications. J Clim
24:3624–3648. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00015.1
RuleQuest (2008) http://www.rulequest.com. Accessed 18 Oct 2007
Running SW, Hunt ER (1993) Generalization of a forest ecosystem process model for other
biomes, Biome-BGC, and an application for global-scale models. Scaling processes between
leaf and landscape levels. In: Ehleringer JR, Field CB (eds) Scaling physiological processes:
leaf to globe. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 141–158
Ryan MG (1991) Effects of climate change on plant respiration. Ecol Appl 1:157–167
Ryan MG, Law BE (2005) Interpreting, measuring, and modeling soil respiration. Biogeochemistry 73:3–27
Schimel D, Melillo J, Tian H, McGuire AD, Kicklighter D, Kittel T, Rosenbloom N, Running S,
Thornton P, Ojima D, Parton W, Kelly R, Sykes M, Neilson R, Rizzo B (2000) Contribution
of increasing CO 2 and climate to carbon storage by ecosystems in the United States. Science
287:2004–2006
Schmid HP (1994) Source areas for scalars and scalar fluxes. Bound Layer Meteorol 67:293–318
Sellers PJ, Randall DA, Betts AK, Hall FG, Berry JA, Collatz GJ, Denning AS, Mooney HA,
Nobre CA, Sato N, Field CB, Henderson-sellers A (1997) Modeling the exchanges of energy,
water, and carbon between continents and the atmosphere. Science 275:502–509
Shroyer JP, Thompson C, Brown R, Ohlenbach PD, Fjell DL, Staggenborg S, Duncan S, Kilgore
GL (1996) Kansas crop planting guide, vol L-818. Kansas State University, Manhattan, pp 2
6 Assessing Net Ecosystem Exchange
167