Reed BC, Schwartz MD, Xiao X (2009) Remote sensing phenology: status and the way forward.
In: Noormets A (ed) Phenology of ecosystem processes: applications in global change
research. Springer, Heidelberg
Richardson AD, Jenkins JP, Braswell BH, Hollinger DY, Ollinger SV, Smith M-L (2007) Use of
digital webcam images to track spring green-up in a deciduous broadleaf forest. Oecologia
152:323–334. doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0657-z
Richardson AD, Braswell BH, Hollinger DY, Jenkins JP, Ollinger SV (2009a) Near-surface
remote sensing of spatial and temporal variation in canopy phenology. Ecol Appl
19:1417–1428. doi:10.1890/08-2022.1
Richardson AD, Hollinger DY, Dail DB, Lee JT, Munger JW, O’Keefe J (2009b) Influence of
spring phenology on seasonal and annual carbon balance in two contrasting New England
forests. Tree Physiol 29:321–331. doi:10.1093/treephys/tpn040
Richardson AD, Anderson RS, Arain MA, Barr AG, Bohrer G, Chen G, Chen JM, Ciais P, Davis
KJ, Desai AR, Dietze MC, Dragoni D, Garrity SR, Gough CM, Grant R, Hollinger DY,
Margolis HA, McCaughey H, Migliavacca M, Monson RK, Munger JW, Poulter B, Raczka
BM, Ricciuto DM, Sahoo AK, Schaefer K, Tian H, Vargas R, Verbeeck H, Xiao J, Xue Y
(2012) Terrestrial biosphere models need better representation of vegetation phenology:
results from the North American carbon program site synthesis. Glob Change Biol
18:566–584. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02562.x
Rosenzweig C, Casassa G, Karoly DJ, Imeson A, Liu C, Menzel A, Rawlins S, Root TL, Seguin
B, Tryjanowski P (2007) Assessment of observed changes and responses in natural and
managed systems. Climate change 2007: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. In: Parry ML,
Canziani OF, Palutikof JP, van der Linden PJ, Hanson CE (eds) Contribution of working
group II to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Rouse J-W, Haas R-H, Schell J-A, Deering D-W, Harlan J-C (1974) Monitoring the vernal
advancements and retrogradation (Greenwave effect) of nature vegetation. NASA/GSFC final
report, NASA, Greenbelt
Roy DP, Ju J, Kline K, Scaramuzza PL, Kovalskyy V, Hansen M, Loveland TR, Vermote R,
Zhang C (2010) Web-enabled landsat data (WELD): landsat ETM ? composited mosaics of
the conterminous United States. Remote Sens Environ 114:35–49. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2009.
08.011
Running SW, Nemani RR, Heinsch FA, Zhao M, Reeves M, Hashimoto H (2004) A continuous
satellite-derived measure of global terrestrial primary production. Bioscience 54:547–560
Saleska SR, Didan K, Huete AR, da Rocha HR (2007) Amazon Forests Green-Up During 2005
Drought. Science 318(5850):612
Samanta A, Ganguly S, Hashimoto H, Devadiga S, Vrmote E, Knyazikhin Y, Nemani R, Myneni
R (2010) Amazon forests did not green-up during the 2005 drought. Geophys Res Lett
37:L05401. doi:10.1029/2009GL042154
Samanta A, Ganguly S, Vermote E, Nemani RR, Myneni RB (2012) Why is remote sensing of
Amazon forest greenness so challenging? Earth Int 16(2). Paper 7. doi:10.1175/2012EI440.1
Schwartz MD (1990) Detecting the onset of spring: a possible application of phenological
models. Climate Res 1:23–29
Schwartz MD (1994) Monitoring global change with phenology: the case of the spring green
wave. Int J Biometeorol 38:18–22. doi:10.1007/BF01241799
Schwartz MD (1996) Examining the spring discontinuity in daily temperature ranges. J Climate
9:803–808. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009\0803:ETSDID[2.0.CO;2
Schwartz MD (1997) Spring index models: an approach to connecting satellite and surface
phenology. In: Lieth H, Schwartz MD (eds) Phenology of seasonal climates. Backhuys,
Netherlands
Schwartz MD, Hanes JM (2010) Intercomparing multiple measures of the onset of spring in
eastern North America. Int J Climatol 30:1614–1626. doi:10.1002/joc.2008
4 Land Surface Phenology
123
In: Noormets A (ed) Phenology of ecosystem processes: applications in global change
research. Springer, Heidelberg
Richardson AD, Jenkins JP, Braswell BH, Hollinger DY, Ollinger SV, Smith M-L (2007) Use of
digital webcam images to track spring green-up in a deciduous broadleaf forest. Oecologia
152:323–334. doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0657-z
Richardson AD, Braswell BH, Hollinger DY, Jenkins JP, Ollinger SV (2009a) Near-surface
remote sensing of spatial and temporal variation in canopy phenology. Ecol Appl
19:1417–1428. doi:10.1890/08-2022.1
Richardson AD, Hollinger DY, Dail DB, Lee JT, Munger JW, O’Keefe J (2009b) Influence of
spring phenology on seasonal and annual carbon balance in two contrasting New England
forests. Tree Physiol 29:321–331. doi:10.1093/treephys/tpn040
Richardson AD, Anderson RS, Arain MA, Barr AG, Bohrer G, Chen G, Chen JM, Ciais P, Davis
KJ, Desai AR, Dietze MC, Dragoni D, Garrity SR, Gough CM, Grant R, Hollinger DY,
Margolis HA, McCaughey H, Migliavacca M, Monson RK, Munger JW, Poulter B, Raczka
BM, Ricciuto DM, Sahoo AK, Schaefer K, Tian H, Vargas R, Verbeeck H, Xiao J, Xue Y
(2012) Terrestrial biosphere models need better representation of vegetation phenology:
results from the North American carbon program site synthesis. Glob Change Biol
18:566–584. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02562.x
Rosenzweig C, Casassa G, Karoly DJ, Imeson A, Liu C, Menzel A, Rawlins S, Root TL, Seguin
B, Tryjanowski P (2007) Assessment of observed changes and responses in natural and
managed systems. Climate change 2007: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. In: Parry ML,
Canziani OF, Palutikof JP, van der Linden PJ, Hanson CE (eds) Contribution of working
group II to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Rouse J-W, Haas R-H, Schell J-A, Deering D-W, Harlan J-C (1974) Monitoring the vernal
advancements and retrogradation (Greenwave effect) of nature vegetation. NASA/GSFC final
report, NASA, Greenbelt
Roy DP, Ju J, Kline K, Scaramuzza PL, Kovalskyy V, Hansen M, Loveland TR, Vermote R,
Zhang C (2010) Web-enabled landsat data (WELD): landsat ETM ? composited mosaics of
the conterminous United States. Remote Sens Environ 114:35–49. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2009.
08.011
Running SW, Nemani RR, Heinsch FA, Zhao M, Reeves M, Hashimoto H (2004) A continuous
satellite-derived measure of global terrestrial primary production. Bioscience 54:547–560
Saleska SR, Didan K, Huete AR, da Rocha HR (2007) Amazon Forests Green-Up During 2005
Drought. Science 318(5850):612
Samanta A, Ganguly S, Hashimoto H, Devadiga S, Vrmote E, Knyazikhin Y, Nemani R, Myneni
R (2010) Amazon forests did not green-up during the 2005 drought. Geophys Res Lett
37:L05401. doi:10.1029/2009GL042154
Samanta A, Ganguly S, Vermote E, Nemani RR, Myneni RB (2012) Why is remote sensing of
Amazon forest greenness so challenging? Earth Int 16(2). Paper 7. doi:10.1175/2012EI440.1
Schwartz MD (1990) Detecting the onset of spring: a possible application of phenological
models. Climate Res 1:23–29
Schwartz MD (1994) Monitoring global change with phenology: the case of the spring green
wave. Int J Biometeorol 38:18–22. doi:10.1007/BF01241799
Schwartz MD (1996) Examining the spring discontinuity in daily temperature ranges. J Climate
9:803–808. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009\0803:ETSDID[2.0.CO;2
Schwartz MD (1997) Spring index models: an approach to connecting satellite and surface
phenology. In: Lieth H, Schwartz MD (eds) Phenology of seasonal climates. Backhuys,
Netherlands
Schwartz MD, Hanes JM (2010) Intercomparing multiple measures of the onset of spring in
eastern North America. Int J Climatol 30:1614–1626. doi:10.1002/joc.2008
4 Land Surface Phenology
123