Chapter 3
The Direct Calculation of the Absorption
Coefficient of Atmosphere Gases with Using
Parameters of Absorption Bands Fine Structure
Abstract The selective gaseous absorption is considered. Spectral line broadening is explained. The practice for calculation of the absorption coefficient is
described.
Registering the radiation spectral transmission demonstrates a strong selectivity of
the absorption in the atmosphere: there are spectral ranges where the radiation is
completely absorbed and other ranges where the radiation is nearly not varied.
Ranges with strongly absorbed radiation are called absorption bands. They are
constantly arranged in an appropriate pattern that points to gaseous absorption. The
absorption mechanism is different in different spectral ranges and is provoked by
quantum nature of the matter. Thus the radiation is considered as a flux of photons
with energy hn.
3.1 The Analysis of Physical Processes of the Interaction
Molecules and atoms of the matter (here atmospheric gases) absorb incoming
electro-magnetic radiation and become excited with transition to a higher energetic
level. The emission of photons (quanta) leads to the molecule or atom transition to a
lower energetic level. It produces a change of energetic level of an electron and
rotation and oscillation (vibration) of a molecule. Molecules, atoms and electrons
are of energy only corresponding to permitted levels. Hence the process of absorption (emission) is quantum and only lines appropriate to permitted energetic
transitions are observed. The amount of energy associated with a photon of radiation is given by
E ¼ hn ¼ h=l
I. Melnikova et al., Remote Sensing of the Environment and Radiation Transfer,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-14899-6_3, # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
27
The Direct Calculation of the Absorption
Coefficient of Atmosphere Gases with Using
Parameters of Absorption Bands Fine Structure
Abstract The selective gaseous absorption is considered. Spectral line broadening is explained. The practice for calculation of the absorption coefficient is
described.
Registering the radiation spectral transmission demonstrates a strong selectivity of
the absorption in the atmosphere: there are spectral ranges where the radiation is
completely absorbed and other ranges where the radiation is nearly not varied.
Ranges with strongly absorbed radiation are called absorption bands. They are
constantly arranged in an appropriate pattern that points to gaseous absorption. The
absorption mechanism is different in different spectral ranges and is provoked by
quantum nature of the matter. Thus the radiation is considered as a flux of photons
with energy hn.
3.1 The Analysis of Physical Processes of the Interaction
Molecules and atoms of the matter (here atmospheric gases) absorb incoming
electro-magnetic radiation and become excited with transition to a higher energetic
level. The emission of photons (quanta) leads to the molecule or atom transition to a
lower energetic level. It produces a change of energetic level of an electron and
rotation and oscillation (vibration) of a molecule. Molecules, atoms and electrons
are of energy only corresponding to permitted levels. Hence the process of absorption (emission) is quantum and only lines appropriate to permitted energetic
transitions are observed. The amount of energy associated with a photon of radiation is given by
E ¼ hn ¼ h=l
I. Melnikova et al., Remote Sensing of the Environment and Radiation Transfer,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-14899-6_3, # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
27