Chapter 13
Instrumentation and Control to Improve
the Crop Yield
Maria S. Acosta-Navarrete, José A. Padilla-Medina,
José E. Botello-Alvarez, J. Prado-Olivarez, M. Perez-Rios M,
José J. Díaz-Carmona, Luis M. Contreras-Medina,
Carlos Duarte-Galvan, Jesus R. Millan-Almaraz
and Arturo A. Fernandez-Jaramillo
Contents
13.1 Introduction................................................................................................................. 364
13.2 Image Acquisition Process ......................................................................................... 365
13.2.1 Image Processing in Food Industry ........................................................... 365
13.2.2 Artificial Vision Systems Applied Grains ................................................. 366
13.3 Materials and Methods ............................................................................................... 369
13.3.1 Sample Preparation..................................................................................... 369
13.3.2 Image Processing........................................................................................ 369
13.3.3 Experiments Design and Statistics Analysis ............................................. 371
13.4 Results......................................................................................................................... 372
13.5 Conclusions................................................................................................................. 375
13.6 Gas Exchange and Photosynthesis Sensors ............................................................... 376
13.7 Sap Flow Sensors ....................................................................................................... 378
13.8 Plant Morphological Sensors ..................................................................................... 379
M. S. Acosta-Navarrete Á M. Perez-Rios M
Universidad Tecnológica del Suroeste de Guanajuato, Carretera Valle de
Santiago-Huamimaro Kilómetro 1.2 38400 Valle de Santiago GTO, Mexico
J. A. Padilla-Medina Á J. E. Botello-Alvarez Á J. Prado-Olivarez Á J. J. Díaz-Carmona
Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Av. Tecnológico y García Cubas S/N, 38010 Celaya,
GTO, Mexico
L. M. Contreras-Medina Á C. Duarte-Galvan Á A. A. Fernandez-Jaramillo (&)
Ingeniería de Biosistemas CA, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería,
Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N 76010 Querétaro, QRO,
Mexico
e-mail: aafernandez@hspdigital.org
J. R. Millan-Almaraz
Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa,
Av. De las Americas y Blvd., Universitarios, Cd. Universitaria 80000 Culiacán,
SIN, Mexico
R. Guevara-Gonzalez and I. Torres-Pacheco (eds.), Biosystems Engineering:
Biofactories for Food Production in the Century XXI, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03880-3_13,
Ó Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
363
Instrumentation and Control to Improve
the Crop Yield
Maria S. Acosta-Navarrete, José A. Padilla-Medina,
José E. Botello-Alvarez, J. Prado-Olivarez, M. Perez-Rios M,
José J. Díaz-Carmona, Luis M. Contreras-Medina,
Carlos Duarte-Galvan, Jesus R. Millan-Almaraz
and Arturo A. Fernandez-Jaramillo
Contents
13.1 Introduction................................................................................................................. 364
13.2 Image Acquisition Process ......................................................................................... 365
13.2.1 Image Processing in Food Industry ........................................................... 365
13.2.2 Artificial Vision Systems Applied Grains ................................................. 366
13.3 Materials and Methods ............................................................................................... 369
13.3.1 Sample Preparation..................................................................................... 369
13.3.2 Image Processing........................................................................................ 369
13.3.3 Experiments Design and Statistics Analysis ............................................. 371
13.4 Results......................................................................................................................... 372
13.5 Conclusions................................................................................................................. 375
13.6 Gas Exchange and Photosynthesis Sensors ............................................................... 376
13.7 Sap Flow Sensors ....................................................................................................... 378
13.8 Plant Morphological Sensors ..................................................................................... 379
M. S. Acosta-Navarrete Á M. Perez-Rios M
Universidad Tecnológica del Suroeste de Guanajuato, Carretera Valle de
Santiago-Huamimaro Kilómetro 1.2 38400 Valle de Santiago GTO, Mexico
J. A. Padilla-Medina Á J. E. Botello-Alvarez Á J. Prado-Olivarez Á J. J. Díaz-Carmona
Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Av. Tecnológico y García Cubas S/N, 38010 Celaya,
GTO, Mexico
L. M. Contreras-Medina Á C. Duarte-Galvan Á A. A. Fernandez-Jaramillo (&)
Ingeniería de Biosistemas CA, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería,
Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N 76010 Querétaro, QRO,
Mexico
e-mail: aafernandez@hspdigital.org
J. R. Millan-Almaraz
Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa,
Av. De las Americas y Blvd., Universitarios, Cd. Universitaria 80000 Culiacán,
SIN, Mexico
R. Guevara-Gonzalez and I. Torres-Pacheco (eds.), Biosystems Engineering:
Biofactories for Food Production in the Century XXI, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03880-3_13,
Ó Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
363