Table 10.1
Mechanisms of action of selected diet compounds in cancer, diabetes, obesity, coronary, and other diseases from cell, animal and human studies
Associated
compound or diet
type
Modulated genes
Function
Model
Cancer type
Reference
Cancer
Sulforaphane
Phase 2 enzymes:, G2/M
phase of the cell cycle:
Other phases of the cell
cycle ;
Cellular defences
Cell cycle
Cell cycle
In vitro (cell culture)
Prostate
Bhamre et al. (2009)
Multivitamins,
folate, and green
vegetables
Human
Lung
Stidley et al. (2010)
Dietary fiber
SIAH1:, PRKCA:
MSH2:
CHEK1;
GADD45A;
Induction apoptosis
Repair DNA
Cell cycle check point
Cell cycle arrest and
DNA repair gene
In vitro (cell culture)
Colon
Campos-Vega et al.
(2010)
Momordica
charantia extract
p53:, p21:, pChk1/2:
cyclin B1; cyclin D1;
Cell cycle
In vitro (cell culture)
Breast
Ray et al. (2010)
Sesamin
Bcl-2;, survivin;
Cyclin D1;
COX-2;
Matrix metalloproteinase9;
Intercellular adhesion
molecule 1;
Cascular endothelial
growth factor;
Cell survival
Proliferation
Inflamation
Invasion
Angiogénesis
In vitro (cell culture)
Leukemia, multiple
myeloma, and
cancers of the colon,
prostate, breast,
pancreas, and lung
Harikumar et al.
(2010)
(continued)
298
R. Campos-Vega et al.