228
W. Alpers et al.
Espedal H, Johannessen OM, Johannessen JA, Dano E, Lyzenga D, Knulst JC (1998) COASTWATCH ’95: a tandem ERS-1/2 SAR detection experiment of natural film on the ocean surface.
J Geophys Res 103:24969–24982
Falkowski PG, Ziemann DZ, Kolbera Z, Bienfang PK (1991) Role of eddy of pumping in enhancing
primary production in the ocean. Nature 352:55–58, doi:10.1038/352055a0
Fu LL, Ferrari R (2008) Observing oceanic submesoscale processes from space. Eos 89(48):488–
489
Fu LL, Holt B (1983) Some examples of detection of oceanic mesoscale eddies by the Seasat
synthetic aperture radar. J Geophys Res 88:1844–1852
Golitsyn GS (2012) On the nature of spiral eddies on the surface of seas and oceans. Izvestiya AN.
Fizika Atmosfery i Okeana 48:391–395
Gower JFR, Denman KL, Holyer RL (1980) Phytoplankton patchiness indicates the fluctuations
spectrum of mesoscale oceanic structure. Nature 288:157–159
Huehnerfuss H,Alpers W, Dannhauer H, Gade M, Lange PA, NeumannV, WismannV (1996) Natural
and man-made sea slicks in the North Sea, investigated by a helicopter-borne 5-frequency radar
scatterometer. Int J Rem Sens 17:1567–1582
Ivanov AY, Ginzburg AI (2002) Oceanic eddies in synthetic aperture radar images. J Earth Syst Sci
111(3):281–295
Jackson CR, Alpers W (2010) The role of the critical angle in brightness reversals on sunglint
images of the sea surface, J Geophys Res 115:C09019. doi:10.1029/2009JC006037
Johannessen JA, Roed LP, Wahl T (1993) Eddies detected in ERS-1 SAR images and simulated in
reduced gravity model. Int J Rem Sens 14:2203–2213
Johannessen JA, Shuchman RA, Digranes G, Lyzenga D, Wackerman C, Johannessen OM, Vachon
PW (1996) Coastal ocean fronts and eddies imaged with ERS-1 synthetic aperture radar. J
Geophys Res 101:6651–6667
Karimova S (2012) Spiral eddies in the Baltic, Black and Caspian seas as seen by
satellite radar data. Adv Space Res 50(8):1107–1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.
2011.10.027
Kudryavtsev V, Akimov D, Johannessen JA, Chapron B (2005) On radar imaging of current features,
part 1: model and comparison with observations. J Geophys Res 110:C07016
Kusakabe M, Andreev A, Lobanov V, Zhabin I, Kumamoto Y, Murata A (2002) Effects of the
anticyclonic eddies on water masses, chemical parameters and chlorophyll distributions in the
Oyashio current region. J Oceanogr 58:691–701
Le Galloudec O, Bourdalle-Badie R, Drillet Y, Derval YC, Bricaud C (2008) Simulation of mesoscale eddies in the Mercator global ocean high resolution model. Mercator Newsl 3
Lellouche JM et al. (2013) Evaluation of global monitoring and forecasting systems at Mercator
Océan, Ocean Sci., 9, 57-81, doi:10.5194/os-9-57-2013
Levy M, Klein P, Treguier AM (2001) Impact of sub-mesoscale physics on production and
subduction of phytoplankton in an oligotrophic regime. J Mar Res 59:535–565
Lin II, Lien CC, Wu CR, George TF, Wong GTF, Huang CW, Chiang TL (2010) Enhanced primary
production in the oligotrophic South China Sea by eddy injection. Geophys Res Lett 37:L16602.
doi:10.1029/2010GL043872
Maltrud ME, McClean JL (2005) An eddy resolving global 1/10
◦ ocean simulation. Ocean Model
8(1–2):31–54
McWilliams JC (1985) Submesoscale, coherent vortices in the ocean. Rev Geophys 23:165–182
Morrow R, Fang F, Fieux M, Molcard R (2003) Anatomy of three warm-core Leeuwin current
eddies. Deep-Sea Res Pt II 50:2229–2243
Munk W, Armi I, Fischer K, Zachariasen F (2000) Spirals on the sea. Proc R Soc Lon Ser-A
456:1217–1280
Olson DB (1991) Rings in the ocean. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 19:283–311
Pattiaratchi C, James A, Collins M (1987) Island wakes and headland eddies: a comparison between
remotely sensed data and laboratory experiments. J Geophys Res 92:783–794
W. Alpers et al.
Espedal H, Johannessen OM, Johannessen JA, Dano E, Lyzenga D, Knulst JC (1998) COASTWATCH ’95: a tandem ERS-1/2 SAR detection experiment of natural film on the ocean surface.
J Geophys Res 103:24969–24982
Falkowski PG, Ziemann DZ, Kolbera Z, Bienfang PK (1991) Role of eddy of pumping in enhancing
primary production in the ocean. Nature 352:55–58, doi:10.1038/352055a0
Fu LL, Ferrari R (2008) Observing oceanic submesoscale processes from space. Eos 89(48):488–
489
Fu LL, Holt B (1983) Some examples of detection of oceanic mesoscale eddies by the Seasat
synthetic aperture radar. J Geophys Res 88:1844–1852
Golitsyn GS (2012) On the nature of spiral eddies on the surface of seas and oceans. Izvestiya AN.
Fizika Atmosfery i Okeana 48:391–395
Gower JFR, Denman KL, Holyer RL (1980) Phytoplankton patchiness indicates the fluctuations
spectrum of mesoscale oceanic structure. Nature 288:157–159
Huehnerfuss H,Alpers W, Dannhauer H, Gade M, Lange PA, NeumannV, WismannV (1996) Natural
and man-made sea slicks in the North Sea, investigated by a helicopter-borne 5-frequency radar
scatterometer. Int J Rem Sens 17:1567–1582
Ivanov AY, Ginzburg AI (2002) Oceanic eddies in synthetic aperture radar images. J Earth Syst Sci
111(3):281–295
Jackson CR, Alpers W (2010) The role of the critical angle in brightness reversals on sunglint
images of the sea surface, J Geophys Res 115:C09019. doi:10.1029/2009JC006037
Johannessen JA, Roed LP, Wahl T (1993) Eddies detected in ERS-1 SAR images and simulated in
reduced gravity model. Int J Rem Sens 14:2203–2213
Johannessen JA, Shuchman RA, Digranes G, Lyzenga D, Wackerman C, Johannessen OM, Vachon
PW (1996) Coastal ocean fronts and eddies imaged with ERS-1 synthetic aperture radar. J
Geophys Res 101:6651–6667
Karimova S (2012) Spiral eddies in the Baltic, Black and Caspian seas as seen by
satellite radar data. Adv Space Res 50(8):1107–1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.
2011.10.027
Kudryavtsev V, Akimov D, Johannessen JA, Chapron B (2005) On radar imaging of current features,
part 1: model and comparison with observations. J Geophys Res 110:C07016
Kusakabe M, Andreev A, Lobanov V, Zhabin I, Kumamoto Y, Murata A (2002) Effects of the
anticyclonic eddies on water masses, chemical parameters and chlorophyll distributions in the
Oyashio current region. J Oceanogr 58:691–701
Le Galloudec O, Bourdalle-Badie R, Drillet Y, Derval YC, Bricaud C (2008) Simulation of mesoscale eddies in the Mercator global ocean high resolution model. Mercator Newsl 3
Lellouche JM et al. (2013) Evaluation of global monitoring and forecasting systems at Mercator
Océan, Ocean Sci., 9, 57-81, doi:10.5194/os-9-57-2013
Levy M, Klein P, Treguier AM (2001) Impact of sub-mesoscale physics on production and
subduction of phytoplankton in an oligotrophic regime. J Mar Res 59:535–565
Lin II, Lien CC, Wu CR, George TF, Wong GTF, Huang CW, Chiang TL (2010) Enhanced primary
production in the oligotrophic South China Sea by eddy injection. Geophys Res Lett 37:L16602.
doi:10.1029/2010GL043872
Maltrud ME, McClean JL (2005) An eddy resolving global 1/10
◦ ocean simulation. Ocean Model
8(1–2):31–54
McWilliams JC (1985) Submesoscale, coherent vortices in the ocean. Rev Geophys 23:165–182
Morrow R, Fang F, Fieux M, Molcard R (2003) Anatomy of three warm-core Leeuwin current
eddies. Deep-Sea Res Pt II 50:2229–2243
Munk W, Armi I, Fischer K, Zachariasen F (2000) Spirals on the sea. Proc R Soc Lon Ser-A
456:1217–1280
Olson DB (1991) Rings in the ocean. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 19:283–311
Pattiaratchi C, James A, Collins M (1987) Island wakes and headland eddies: a comparison between
remotely sensed data and laboratory experiments. J Geophys Res 92:783–794