82
M. Holmer et al.
Asplin L, Boxaspen K, Sandvik AD (2004) Modelled distribution of salmon lice in a Norwegian
fjord. International Council for Exploration of the Sea ICES CM 2004/P: 11
Aure J, Stigebrandt A (1990) Quantitative estimates of eutrophication effects on fjords of fish
farming. Aquaculture 90:135–156
Borg JA, Schembri PJ (2001) Report on a video survey of the sea bed in the vicinity of tuna pens,
made on October 2001. Malta: Unpublished report, Independent Consultants, 7 pp.
Borg JA, Schembri PJ (2005) Impact of offshore tuna-penning on soft sediment macroinvertebrate
assemblages in Malta (Central Mediterranean). Paper presented at the American Society for
Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO) Summer 2005 meeting “A pilgrimage through global
aquatic sciences” Santiago de Compostela, Spain 19–24 June 2005. [Abstracts book p. 20]
Brown J R, Gowen RJ, McLusky DS (1987) The effect of salmonid farming on the benthos of a
Scottish sea loch. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 109:39–51
Brooks KM, Mahnken CVW (2003) Interaction of Atlantic salmon in the Pacific northwest environment II. Organic wastes. Fish Research 62:225–293
Cassar M (1994) An investigation of the environmental impact of a marine cage fish farm in
Malta. Unpublished M.Sc. dissertation, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, Malta,
175 pp
Christensen PB, Rysgaard S, Sloth NP, Dalsgaard T, Schwaerter S (2000) Sediment mineralization, nutrient fluxes, denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in an
estuarine fjord with sea cage trout farms. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 21:73–84
Costello MJ, Grant A, Davies IM, Cecchini S, Papoutsoglou S, Quigley D, Saroglia M (2001) The
control of chemicals used in aquaculture in Europe. Journal of Applied Ichthyology
17:173–180
Cromey CJ, Black KD (2005) Modelling impacts of finfish aquaculture. In Hargrave BT (ed.), The
handbook of environmental chemistry, Vol. 5: Water Pollution Environmental effects of marine
finfish aquaculture. Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York, p. 129–156.
Dalsgaard T, Krause-Jensen D (2006) Monitoring nutrient release from fish farms with macroalgal
and phytoplankton bioassays. Aquaculture 256:302–310
Delgado O, Grau A, Pou S, Riera F, Massuti C, Zabala M, Ballesteros E (1997) Seagrass regression caused by fish cultures in Fornells Bay (Menorca, Western Mediterranean). Oceanologica
Acta 20:557–563
Diaz-Almela E, Alvarez E, Santiago R, Marbà N, Holmer M, Grau T, Danovaro R, Argyrou M,
Karakassis Y, Duarte CM (submitted) Benthic inputs as predictors of seagrass (Posidonia
oceanica) fish farm-induced decline. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
Dimech M, Borg JA, Schembri PJ (2002) Changes in the structure of a Posidonia oceanica
meadow and in the diversity of associated decapods, mollusc and echinoderm assemblages
resulting from inputs of waste from a marine fish farm (Malta, Central Mediterranean).
Bulletin of Marine Science 71(3):1309–1321
Directorate for Nature Management (1997) Miljømål for norsk oppdrettsnæring. Nye miljømål for
perioden 1998–2000 (Environmental objectives for Norwegian aquaculture. New environmental
objectives for the period 1998–2000). DN-note 1999–1, Trondheim, Norway, 34 pp. (In
Norwegian, English abstract)
Directorate for Nature Management (2000) Environmental objectives for Norwegian aquaculture.
Report on results achieved in 1999. DN-note 2000-3b, Trondheim, Norway, 44 pp
Ervik A, Hansen PK, Aure J, Stigebrandt A, Johannsen P, Jahnsen T (1997) Regulating the local
environmental impact of intensive marine fish farming. I. The concept of the MOM system
(Modelling–Ongrowing fish farms–Monitoring). Aquaculture 158:85–94
Fernandes TF, Eleftheriou A, Ackefors H, Eleftheriou M, Ervik A, Sanchez-Mata A, Scanlon T,
White P, Cochrane S, Pearson TH, Read PA (2001) The scientific principles underlying the
monitoring of the environmental impacts of aquaculture. Journal of Applied Ichthyology
17:181–193
Frederiksen MS, Holmer M, Diaz-Almela E, Marbà N, Duarte CM (in press). Sulfide invasion in
the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at Mediterranean fish farms: assessment by stable sulfur isotopes. Marine Ecology Progress Series
M. Holmer et al.
Asplin L, Boxaspen K, Sandvik AD (2004) Modelled distribution of salmon lice in a Norwegian
fjord. International Council for Exploration of the Sea ICES CM 2004/P: 11
Aure J, Stigebrandt A (1990) Quantitative estimates of eutrophication effects on fjords of fish
farming. Aquaculture 90:135–156
Borg JA, Schembri PJ (2001) Report on a video survey of the sea bed in the vicinity of tuna pens,
made on October 2001. Malta: Unpublished report, Independent Consultants, 7 pp.
Borg JA, Schembri PJ (2005) Impact of offshore tuna-penning on soft sediment macroinvertebrate
assemblages in Malta (Central Mediterranean). Paper presented at the American Society for
Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO) Summer 2005 meeting “A pilgrimage through global
aquatic sciences” Santiago de Compostela, Spain 19–24 June 2005. [Abstracts book p. 20]
Brown J R, Gowen RJ, McLusky DS (1987) The effect of salmonid farming on the benthos of a
Scottish sea loch. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 109:39–51
Brooks KM, Mahnken CVW (2003) Interaction of Atlantic salmon in the Pacific northwest environment II. Organic wastes. Fish Research 62:225–293
Cassar M (1994) An investigation of the environmental impact of a marine cage fish farm in
Malta. Unpublished M.Sc. dissertation, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, Malta,
175 pp
Christensen PB, Rysgaard S, Sloth NP, Dalsgaard T, Schwaerter S (2000) Sediment mineralization, nutrient fluxes, denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in an
estuarine fjord with sea cage trout farms. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 21:73–84
Costello MJ, Grant A, Davies IM, Cecchini S, Papoutsoglou S, Quigley D, Saroglia M (2001) The
control of chemicals used in aquaculture in Europe. Journal of Applied Ichthyology
17:173–180
Cromey CJ, Black KD (2005) Modelling impacts of finfish aquaculture. In Hargrave BT (ed.), The
handbook of environmental chemistry, Vol. 5: Water Pollution Environmental effects of marine
finfish aquaculture. Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York, p. 129–156.
Dalsgaard T, Krause-Jensen D (2006) Monitoring nutrient release from fish farms with macroalgal
and phytoplankton bioassays. Aquaculture 256:302–310
Delgado O, Grau A, Pou S, Riera F, Massuti C, Zabala M, Ballesteros E (1997) Seagrass regression caused by fish cultures in Fornells Bay (Menorca, Western Mediterranean). Oceanologica
Acta 20:557–563
Diaz-Almela E, Alvarez E, Santiago R, Marbà N, Holmer M, Grau T, Danovaro R, Argyrou M,
Karakassis Y, Duarte CM (submitted) Benthic inputs as predictors of seagrass (Posidonia
oceanica) fish farm-induced decline. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
Dimech M, Borg JA, Schembri PJ (2002) Changes in the structure of a Posidonia oceanica
meadow and in the diversity of associated decapods, mollusc and echinoderm assemblages
resulting from inputs of waste from a marine fish farm (Malta, Central Mediterranean).
Bulletin of Marine Science 71(3):1309–1321
Directorate for Nature Management (1997) Miljømål for norsk oppdrettsnæring. Nye miljømål for
perioden 1998–2000 (Environmental objectives for Norwegian aquaculture. New environmental
objectives for the period 1998–2000). DN-note 1999–1, Trondheim, Norway, 34 pp. (In
Norwegian, English abstract)
Directorate for Nature Management (2000) Environmental objectives for Norwegian aquaculture.
Report on results achieved in 1999. DN-note 2000-3b, Trondheim, Norway, 44 pp
Ervik A, Hansen PK, Aure J, Stigebrandt A, Johannsen P, Jahnsen T (1997) Regulating the local
environmental impact of intensive marine fish farming. I. The concept of the MOM system
(Modelling–Ongrowing fish farms–Monitoring). Aquaculture 158:85–94
Fernandes TF, Eleftheriou A, Ackefors H, Eleftheriou M, Ervik A, Sanchez-Mata A, Scanlon T,
White P, Cochrane S, Pearson TH, Read PA (2001) The scientific principles underlying the
monitoring of the environmental impacts of aquaculture. Journal of Applied Ichthyology
17:181–193
Frederiksen MS, Holmer M, Diaz-Almela E, Marbà N, Duarte CM (in press). Sulfide invasion in
the seagrass Posidonia oceanica at Mediterranean fish farms: assessment by stable sulfur isotopes. Marine Ecology Progress Series