6 Safe and Nutritious Aquaculture Produce
213
currently being developed (Breivik and Thorstad 2004; Maes et al. 2005) and, with
economy of scale, the cost implications for the industry are minor. The future of
aquaculture production, as well as the improved health and well being of human
consumers, depends on the investigation and implementation of new sustainable
aquafeeds that are safe and nutritionally optimal for both fish and consumers.
References
Albanes D, Hartman TJ (1999) Antioxidants and cancer: evidence from human observational
studies and intervention trials. In: Papas, A.M., ed.), Antioxidant status, diet, nutrition, and
health. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 497–544.
Arslan G, Brunborg LA, Frøyland L, Brun JG, Valen M, Berstad A (2002) Effects of duodenal
seal oil administration in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Lipids 37: 935–940
Arzel J, Cardinal M, Cornet J, Metailler R, Guillaume JC (1993) Nutrition of brown trout (Salmo
trutta) reared in seawater, effect of dietary lipid on growth performances, body composition
and fillet quality. Special publication European Aquaculture Society 19: 309
Arzel J, Martinez Lopez FX, Metailler R, Stephan G, Viau M, Gandemer G, Guillaume J (1994)
Effect of dietary lipid on growth performance and body composition of brown trout (Salmo
trutta) reared in seawater. Aquaculture 123: 361–375
Baker RTM (2001) The effect of certain micronutrients on fish flesh quality. In: Kestin SC,
Warriss PD (eds.), Farmed fish quality. Blackwell, Oxford, UK, pp. 180–191
Bang HO, Dyerberg J (1972) Plasma lipids and lipoproteins in Greenlandic west coast Eskimos.
Acta Medical Scandinavia 192: 85–94
Bang HO, Dyerberg J, Sinclair HM (1980) The composition of the Eskimo food in north western
Greenland. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33: 2657–2661
Barlow S, Pike IH (2001) Aquaculture feed ingredients in year 2010: fish meal and fish oil. In:
Nash, CE, Julien, V (eds.), Aquavision’98. 2nd Nutreco Aquaculture Business Conference.
Stavanger, Norway, 13–15th May 1998 Nutreco Aquaculture, Stavanger, Norway, pp. 71–74
Bell JG, Cowey CB (1989) Digestibility and bioavailability of dietary selenium from fishmeal,
selenite, selenomethionine and selenocystine, in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture
81: 61–68
0
2
4
6
8
10
FO
75% VO
2 portions
g EPA + DHA
4 portions
140g portions of salmon/week
Fig. 6.8b Amount of EPA + DHA (g) provided by 2 or 4 × 140 g portions of salmon, produced
using 100% fish oil (FO) or 75% vegetable oil blend (VO) diets for the full production cycle
213
currently being developed (Breivik and Thorstad 2004; Maes et al. 2005) and, with
economy of scale, the cost implications for the industry are minor. The future of
aquaculture production, as well as the improved health and well being of human
consumers, depends on the investigation and implementation of new sustainable
aquafeeds that are safe and nutritionally optimal for both fish and consumers.
References
Albanes D, Hartman TJ (1999) Antioxidants and cancer: evidence from human observational
studies and intervention trials. In: Papas, A.M., ed.), Antioxidant status, diet, nutrition, and
health. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 497–544.
Arslan G, Brunborg LA, Frøyland L, Brun JG, Valen M, Berstad A (2002) Effects of duodenal
seal oil administration in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Lipids 37: 935–940
Arzel J, Cardinal M, Cornet J, Metailler R, Guillaume JC (1993) Nutrition of brown trout (Salmo
trutta) reared in seawater, effect of dietary lipid on growth performances, body composition
and fillet quality. Special publication European Aquaculture Society 19: 309
Arzel J, Martinez Lopez FX, Metailler R, Stephan G, Viau M, Gandemer G, Guillaume J (1994)
Effect of dietary lipid on growth performance and body composition of brown trout (Salmo
trutta) reared in seawater. Aquaculture 123: 361–375
Baker RTM (2001) The effect of certain micronutrients on fish flesh quality. In: Kestin SC,
Warriss PD (eds.), Farmed fish quality. Blackwell, Oxford, UK, pp. 180–191
Bang HO, Dyerberg J (1972) Plasma lipids and lipoproteins in Greenlandic west coast Eskimos.
Acta Medical Scandinavia 192: 85–94
Bang HO, Dyerberg J, Sinclair HM (1980) The composition of the Eskimo food in north western
Greenland. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33: 2657–2661
Barlow S, Pike IH (2001) Aquaculture feed ingredients in year 2010: fish meal and fish oil. In:
Nash, CE, Julien, V (eds.), Aquavision’98. 2nd Nutreco Aquaculture Business Conference.
Stavanger, Norway, 13–15th May 1998 Nutreco Aquaculture, Stavanger, Norway, pp. 71–74
Bell JG, Cowey CB (1989) Digestibility and bioavailability of dietary selenium from fishmeal,
selenite, selenomethionine and selenocystine, in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture
81: 61–68
0
2
4
6
8
10
FO
75% VO
2 portions
g EPA + DHA
4 portions
140g portions of salmon/week
Fig. 6.8b Amount of EPA + DHA (g) provided by 2 or 4 × 140 g portions of salmon, produced
using 100% fish oil (FO) or 75% vegetable oil blend (VO) diets for the full production cycle