588
Glossary
Bipartite a two-part life cycle typical of many fi sh species whereby early life is
planktonic, followed by settlement into the juvenile/adult habitat when a transformation (body form, feeding, behaviour) takes place from the pelagic larval
from to the juvenile/adult form
Capital breeding reliance on stored energy for oocyte production due to the need
to store resources to cover the costs of transport associated with migratory episodes
and the restriction of reproduction to a limited number of episodes during the
year (Warner 1995 )
Catchability the extent to which a stock is susceptible to fi shing; quantitatively,
the proportion of the stock removed by a defi ned unit of fi shing effort. Catchability is usually an inverse function of stock biomass
Catchment area At the largest spatial scale the catchment area encompasses the
sum of home ranges and migration routes of a local spawning population that
uses a specifi c aggregation site during the annual reproductive cycle. It refers
to the sum of individuals that use the aggregation site under consideration and
does not refer to individuals or species. The Functional Migration Area differs
from the Catchment Area in that the FMA is a subset of the Catchment area but
encompasses the greater majority of the spawning population and the specifi c
habitats they utilize during migration
Capture-based aquaculture (CBA) is the practice of collecting “seeds” (see below)
from the wild from early life history stages to adults and subsequent growing-out
them in captivity to marketable size, using aquaculture techniques. This defi nition
can clearly distinguish CBA from HBA (hatchery-based aquaculture), which is a
practice of producing and using “seeds” from hatcheries through manipulation
of adult maturation and reproduction and larval and juvenile rearing. “Seeds” are
the aquatic organisms used to farm (i.e. grow-out) in captivity for varying times;
these organisms can be captured and collected from the wild (e.g. for CBA) or
hatched in hatcheries (e.g. HBA). These organisms cover a wide range of life history stages, from larvae to juveniles to adults, defi ned on the basis of morphology,
including size, and sexual maturation stage (Lovatelli and Holthus 2008 )
Ciguatera a condition brought about by eating fi sh that contain ciguatoxin and
associated with gastrointestinal and neurological problems
CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
and Flora which regulates the international trade to ensure that it is sustainable
and does not threaten traded species with extinction (www.CITES.org)
Cohort a group of fi sh all of the same age belonging to the same stock
Connectivity the quality or condition of being connected. In a fi sh and fi sheries
context this refers to “ecological connectivity”, where populations are able to
sustain themselves through dispersive propagules or other means across the
range of the population and “genetic connectivity”, where a population retains its
genetic integrity through dispersal of genetic material from physically isolated
populations at suitable intervals
Convection in the oceans this is the physical transport of water or air and contained
materials or properties which is primarily vertical, largely due to differences in
density
Glossary
Bipartite a two-part life cycle typical of many fi sh species whereby early life is
planktonic, followed by settlement into the juvenile/adult habitat when a transformation (body form, feeding, behaviour) takes place from the pelagic larval
from to the juvenile/adult form
Capital breeding reliance on stored energy for oocyte production due to the need
to store resources to cover the costs of transport associated with migratory episodes
and the restriction of reproduction to a limited number of episodes during the
year (Warner 1995 )
Catchability the extent to which a stock is susceptible to fi shing; quantitatively,
the proportion of the stock removed by a defi ned unit of fi shing effort. Catchability is usually an inverse function of stock biomass
Catchment area At the largest spatial scale the catchment area encompasses the
sum of home ranges and migration routes of a local spawning population that
uses a specifi c aggregation site during the annual reproductive cycle. It refers
to the sum of individuals that use the aggregation site under consideration and
does not refer to individuals or species. The Functional Migration Area differs
from the Catchment Area in that the FMA is a subset of the Catchment area but
encompasses the greater majority of the spawning population and the specifi c
habitats they utilize during migration
Capture-based aquaculture (CBA) is the practice of collecting “seeds” (see below)
from the wild from early life history stages to adults and subsequent growing-out
them in captivity to marketable size, using aquaculture techniques. This defi nition
can clearly distinguish CBA from HBA (hatchery-based aquaculture), which is a
practice of producing and using “seeds” from hatcheries through manipulation
of adult maturation and reproduction and larval and juvenile rearing. “Seeds” are
the aquatic organisms used to farm (i.e. grow-out) in captivity for varying times;
these organisms can be captured and collected from the wild (e.g. for CBA) or
hatched in hatcheries (e.g. HBA). These organisms cover a wide range of life history stages, from larvae to juveniles to adults, defi ned on the basis of morphology,
including size, and sexual maturation stage (Lovatelli and Holthus 2008 )
Ciguatera a condition brought about by eating fi sh that contain ciguatoxin and
associated with gastrointestinal and neurological problems
CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
and Flora which regulates the international trade to ensure that it is sustainable
and does not threaten traded species with extinction (www.CITES.org)
Cohort a group of fi sh all of the same age belonging to the same stock
Connectivity the quality or condition of being connected. In a fi sh and fi sheries
context this refers to “ecological connectivity”, where populations are able to
sustain themselves through dispersive propagules or other means across the
range of the population and “genetic connectivity”, where a population retains its
genetic integrity through dispersal of genetic material from physically isolated
populations at suitable intervals
Convection in the oceans this is the physical transport of water or air and contained
materials or properties which is primarily vertical, largely due to differences in
density