Treatment Plants for Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater
Effluent concentration: 2-3 g P /m 3
Effluent concentration: 1-2 g P /m 3
Effluent concentration: 0,5-1 g P fm 3
Effluent concentration: 0.3-0.5 g P /m 3
Table 10.2
Biological phosphorus removal
Simultaneous precipitation, Fe++ or At++, MR = 0.8
Preprecipitation, AI+++, MR = 1.
Simultaneous precipitation, Fe++ or AI+++, MR = 1
Preprecipitation, Ca++ + Fe••, pH 8-9, MR (Fe)= 1
Direct precipitation, Ca ••, pH 10-11
Direct precipitation, AI+++, MR = 1.5
Post precipitation, AI+++, pH 6.5-7.2, MR = 1
Simultaneous precipitation, Fe++ or AI+++, MR = 1.5
Simultaneous precipitation+ preprecipitation or soil ponds, Fe++
or At••, MR = 1.5
Post precipitation, At••, pH 5.5-6.5, MR = 2
Direct precipitation, Ca++, pH 10-11 +sea water
Preprecipitation, Ca +++Fe++, pH 9-10, MR (Fe) = 1.5
Simultaneous precipitation, Fe++ or AI++++ contact filtration Fe++
or Fe++•, MR both processes= 2.
Post precipitation, AI+++, pH 5.5-6.0, MR = 2, +contact filtration,
Fe+++, MR = 2.
Example of processes of technical-financial relevance to obtain given effluent concentrations for total
phosphorus.
The abbreviation MR (molar ratio) means: Number of moles of metal ions added per mole of total
phosphorus in the influent.
Precipitant
Molar ratio
Influent
Effluent'
Molar removal
Me/dissolved P
Tot.P
P04-P Tot.P
P04-P
A mole P ,.,~./mole Me
in influent
gP/m 3
gP/m 3 gP/m 3
gP/m 3
Fe+++
0.8
0.64
0.40
0.31
0.25
0.46
Fe+++
1.1
0.40
0.29
0.24
0.16
0.40
Fe+++
1.1
1.73
1.22
0.90
0.65
0.42
Fe++
1.2
3.87
3.30
1.71
1.55
0.44
Fe++
1.2
1.09
0.76
0.50
0.33
0.47
Fe++
5.5
1.37
0.72
0.44
0.22
0.13
AI+++
0.3
-
1.61
-
1.23
0.79
Al+++
1.1
-
1.70
-
0.83
0.47
AI+++
1.4
-
1.14
-
0.34
0.50
AI+++
6.9
-
0.22
-
0.05
0.11
AI+++
7.7
0.58
0.27
0.19
0.05
0.11
Table 10.3
Phosphorus removal in contact filter by precipitation with Fe+++, Fe•• and AI+++. The influent is the effluent
from simultaneous precipitation with ferrous sulphate /1/. *pH in the effluent is approx. 7.
Suspended solids
gSS/m 3
Suspended-P
gP/m 3
Effluent simultaneous precipitation
10±3
0.44± 0.18
( = influent contact filter)
Effluent contact filter:
6±3
0.21 ± 0.09
Table 10.4
Operating results in respect of suspended solids and phosphate from simultaneous precipitation with
ferrous sulphate followed by contact filtration. /1/.
340
Effluent concentration: 2-3 g P /m 3
Effluent concentration: 1-2 g P /m 3
Effluent concentration: 0,5-1 g P fm 3
Effluent concentration: 0.3-0.5 g P /m 3
Table 10.2
Biological phosphorus removal
Simultaneous precipitation, Fe++ or At++, MR = 0.8
Preprecipitation, AI+++, MR = 1.
Simultaneous precipitation, Fe++ or AI+++, MR = 1
Preprecipitation, Ca++ + Fe••, pH 8-9, MR (Fe)= 1
Direct precipitation, Ca ••, pH 10-11
Direct precipitation, AI+++, MR = 1.5
Post precipitation, AI+++, pH 6.5-7.2, MR = 1
Simultaneous precipitation, Fe++ or AI+++, MR = 1.5
Simultaneous precipitation+ preprecipitation or soil ponds, Fe++
or At••, MR = 1.5
Post precipitation, At••, pH 5.5-6.5, MR = 2
Direct precipitation, Ca++, pH 10-11 +sea water
Preprecipitation, Ca +++Fe++, pH 9-10, MR (Fe) = 1.5
Simultaneous precipitation, Fe++ or AI++++ contact filtration Fe++
or Fe++•, MR both processes= 2.
Post precipitation, AI+++, pH 5.5-6.0, MR = 2, +contact filtration,
Fe+++, MR = 2.
Example of processes of technical-financial relevance to obtain given effluent concentrations for total
phosphorus.
The abbreviation MR (molar ratio) means: Number of moles of metal ions added per mole of total
phosphorus in the influent.
Precipitant
Molar ratio
Influent
Effluent'
Molar removal
Me/dissolved P
Tot.P
P04-P Tot.P
P04-P
A mole P ,.,~./mole Me
in influent
gP/m 3
gP/m 3 gP/m 3
gP/m 3
Fe+++
0.8
0.64
0.40
0.31
0.25
0.46
Fe+++
1.1
0.40
0.29
0.24
0.16
0.40
Fe+++
1.1
1.73
1.22
0.90
0.65
0.42
Fe++
1.2
3.87
3.30
1.71
1.55
0.44
Fe++
1.2
1.09
0.76
0.50
0.33
0.47
Fe++
5.5
1.37
0.72
0.44
0.22
0.13
AI+++
0.3
-
1.61
-
1.23
0.79
Al+++
1.1
-
1.70
-
0.83
0.47
AI+++
1.4
-
1.14
-
0.34
0.50
AI+++
6.9
-
0.22
-
0.05
0.11
AI+++
7.7
0.58
0.27
0.19
0.05
0.11
Table 10.3
Phosphorus removal in contact filter by precipitation with Fe+++, Fe•• and AI+++. The influent is the effluent
from simultaneous precipitation with ferrous sulphate /1/. *pH in the effluent is approx. 7.
Suspended solids
gSS/m 3
Suspended-P
gP/m 3
Effluent simultaneous precipitation
10±3
0.44± 0.18
( = influent contact filter)
Effluent contact filter:
6±3
0.21 ± 0.09
Table 10.4
Operating results in respect of suspended solids and phosphate from simultaneous precipitation with
ferrous sulphate followed by contact filtration. /1/.
340