433
Cholamu, Memencho, Lampokhari, Samiti,
etc. These lakes also form the source of
many rivers. The main river of Sikkim is
‘Teesta’ which originates from Lake
Cholamu. Its main tributary is River Rangeet
which originates from Rathong Glacier and
meets Teesta.
21. There are many wetlands in other regions of
India. In Andhra Pradesh , some of the wetlands are Perali Poguru Bapatla Wetland,
Jeedimetla Lake (Fox Sagar), Meer Alam
Lake in Hyderabad, Kondakarla Lake in
Visakhapatnam District, the Kolleru Lake,
the Hussain Sagar Lake and so on. All these
wetlands are generally man-made reservoirs.
Hussain Sagar lies between the twin cities of
Hyderabad and Secunderabad. It appears to
be a victim of man-made interventions.
22. In Andaman and Nicobar Islands , the wetlands are usually situated around the Bay of
Bengal between continental India and
Myanmar. There is approx. 77,769 ha of
mangrove forests. Mangrove swamps are
extensive wetland habitats. Also, many
freshwater ponds and marshes are of considerable interest.
23. In Bihar , there are wetlands ( chaurs ), oxbow
lakes ( mauns ), reservoirs, tanks and ponds.
The main culture fi shery resources of Bihar
lie in >43,000 ponds and tanks of variable
sizes covering a total area of about 65,000 ha.
24. In Gujarat, wetlands of central and eastern
Saurashtra include >1,000 wetlands ranging
in area from a few hectares to 2,800 ha ranging in depth from 2 to 3 m. AM are not abundant. The wetlands provide freshwater for
agriculture and domestic use.
25. In Haryana , the Sultanpur Jheel wetlands are
a group of shallow freshwater wetlands having a total area of 13,727 ha including a core
area of 144 ha which contains about 96 ha of
the main wetland.
26. In Jammu and Kashmir , the Shey marshes
are small marshy tracts along the Indus.
Tsomoriri is a high-altitude lake (HAL) wetland. It is one of the largest HAL brackish
water lakes in the Trans-Himalayan biogeographic region situated in India.
27. Karnataka is blessed with many rivers, lakes
and streams. Wetlands of Karnataka are classifi ed into inland and coastal wetlands, both
natural and man-made.
28. In Kerala , the Kerala State Government prepared a Conservation and Management
Action Plan (MAP) for the lakes’ sustainable
utilisation and conservation and to address
the threats faced by the wetlands.
29. In Maharashtra , there are many man-made
reservoirs. These are used for purposes like
domestic, pisciculture, hydroelectricity generation and transportation.
30. In Madhya Pradesh , the Dihaila Jheel is a
shallow freshwater (FW) wetland located in
Shivpuri District. The upper lake is one of
the largest artifi cial wetlands in India with a
surface area of 31 km
2
. The upper lake along
with small lake constitutes the Bhoj wetland
which is now a Ramsar site.
31. In Odisha , there are many wetlands, some of
which are under the infl uence of marine
environment. Many of the wetlands are victims of number of problems. As such, an
integrated MAP was chalked out by the
Govt. of Odisha for the overall welfare of the
wetlands. A strong support network was created with 7 state government organisations,
33 NGOs, 3 national government ministries,
6 other organisations, 11 international organisations, 13 research institutions and 55 different categories of community groups.
Further, two workshops sponsored by the
Canadian
International
Development
Agency (CIDA) were held, in order to
explore the measures to restore the sustainability of the lakes through involvement of
local stakeholders.
32. In Punjab , the rich biodiversity of the wetlands maintains the hydrological balance in
the catchment with vast concentration of
migratory waterfowls including a number of
globally threatened species. Three of its wetlands, namely , Harike, Ropar and Kanjli,
have been declared as Ramsar sites.
33. In Rajasthan , the Keoladeo National Park
(KNP) or Keoladeo Ghana National Park
(was formerly known as the Bharatpur Bird
20.3 Wetlands of Other Regions in India
Cholamu, Memencho, Lampokhari, Samiti,
etc. These lakes also form the source of
many rivers. The main river of Sikkim is
‘Teesta’ which originates from Lake
Cholamu. Its main tributary is River Rangeet
which originates from Rathong Glacier and
meets Teesta.
21. There are many wetlands in other regions of
India. In Andhra Pradesh , some of the wetlands are Perali Poguru Bapatla Wetland,
Jeedimetla Lake (Fox Sagar), Meer Alam
Lake in Hyderabad, Kondakarla Lake in
Visakhapatnam District, the Kolleru Lake,
the Hussain Sagar Lake and so on. All these
wetlands are generally man-made reservoirs.
Hussain Sagar lies between the twin cities of
Hyderabad and Secunderabad. It appears to
be a victim of man-made interventions.
22. In Andaman and Nicobar Islands , the wetlands are usually situated around the Bay of
Bengal between continental India and
Myanmar. There is approx. 77,769 ha of
mangrove forests. Mangrove swamps are
extensive wetland habitats. Also, many
freshwater ponds and marshes are of considerable interest.
23. In Bihar , there are wetlands ( chaurs ), oxbow
lakes ( mauns ), reservoirs, tanks and ponds.
The main culture fi shery resources of Bihar
lie in >43,000 ponds and tanks of variable
sizes covering a total area of about 65,000 ha.
24. In Gujarat, wetlands of central and eastern
Saurashtra include >1,000 wetlands ranging
in area from a few hectares to 2,800 ha ranging in depth from 2 to 3 m. AM are not abundant. The wetlands provide freshwater for
agriculture and domestic use.
25. In Haryana , the Sultanpur Jheel wetlands are
a group of shallow freshwater wetlands having a total area of 13,727 ha including a core
area of 144 ha which contains about 96 ha of
the main wetland.
26. In Jammu and Kashmir , the Shey marshes
are small marshy tracts along the Indus.
Tsomoriri is a high-altitude lake (HAL) wetland. It is one of the largest HAL brackish
water lakes in the Trans-Himalayan biogeographic region situated in India.
27. Karnataka is blessed with many rivers, lakes
and streams. Wetlands of Karnataka are classifi ed into inland and coastal wetlands, both
natural and man-made.
28. In Kerala , the Kerala State Government prepared a Conservation and Management
Action Plan (MAP) for the lakes’ sustainable
utilisation and conservation and to address
the threats faced by the wetlands.
29. In Maharashtra , there are many man-made
reservoirs. These are used for purposes like
domestic, pisciculture, hydroelectricity generation and transportation.
30. In Madhya Pradesh , the Dihaila Jheel is a
shallow freshwater (FW) wetland located in
Shivpuri District. The upper lake is one of
the largest artifi cial wetlands in India with a
surface area of 31 km
2
. The upper lake along
with small lake constitutes the Bhoj wetland
which is now a Ramsar site.
31. In Odisha , there are many wetlands, some of
which are under the infl uence of marine
environment. Many of the wetlands are victims of number of problems. As such, an
integrated MAP was chalked out by the
Govt. of Odisha for the overall welfare of the
wetlands. A strong support network was created with 7 state government organisations,
33 NGOs, 3 national government ministries,
6 other organisations, 11 international organisations, 13 research institutions and 55 different categories of community groups.
Further, two workshops sponsored by the
Canadian
International
Development
Agency (CIDA) were held, in order to
explore the measures to restore the sustainability of the lakes through involvement of
local stakeholders.
32. In Punjab , the rich biodiversity of the wetlands maintains the hydrological balance in
the catchment with vast concentration of
migratory waterfowls including a number of
globally threatened species. Three of its wetlands, namely , Harike, Ropar and Kanjli,
have been declared as Ramsar sites.
33. In Rajasthan , the Keoladeo National Park
(KNP) or Keoladeo Ghana National Park
(was formerly known as the Bharatpur Bird
20.3 Wetlands of Other Regions in India