280
Ecotoxicological Issues
4
CONCLUSION
The utility of P AH profiles for source apportionment is far from established. This
agrees with the results derived from recent studies employing Multivariate Data
Analysis, Principal Component Analysis and Partial Least Squares Regression [20].
The problems include variability of emission from a given source as a function of
temperature as well as differences in ambient reactivity. The possibility of using
source apportionment in winter [5] is rendered less likely by the overwhelming
contribution arising from wood combustion and the high variability in PAH
profiles derived from wood combustion [5].
KEYWORDS
PAH production, global change, environmental impact, toxicity, polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbon, combustion emission, automobile exhaust.
REFERENCES
[I]
National Academy of Sciences, Polycyclic Organic Matter, National Academy Press,
Washington, D.e. (1972).
[2]
National Academy of Sciences, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C. (1983).
[3]
Harvey R.G., Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Chemistry and Carcinogenicity,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (UK) (1991).
[4]
Grimmer G., Environmental Carcinogens: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, CRC Press,
Boca Raton, p. 29 (1983).
[5]
Daisey J.M., Cheney J.L. and Lioy PJ., 1. Air Poll. Control Assoc., 36, 17 (1986).
[6]
Lee M.L., Novotny M.V. and Bartle K.D., Anal. Chern., 48, 1556 (1976).
[7]
Howard J.B. and Longwell J.P., In Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Formation,
Metabolism and Measurement, Cooke, M., Dennis, AJ. (eds), Battelle Press, Columbus, 2762 (1983).
[8)
Fetzer J.e. and Biggs W.R, Polycycl. Arom. Cmpds., 5, 193 (1994).
[9)
Sullivan RF., Boduszynski M.M. and Fetzer J.e., Energy Fuels, 3, 603 (1989).
[10) Stein S.E., 1. Phys. Chern., 82, 566 (1978).
[II] Grimmer G., Bohnke H. and Glaser A., Zbl. Bakt. Hyg., I Abt. Orig. B, 164, 218 (1977).
[12] Greenberg A. and Darack F.B., In Molecular Structure and Energetics, Vol. 4, Liebman J.F.
and Greenberg A. (eds), VCH Pub., New York, 1-47 (1987).
[13] Greenberg A., Darack F., Harkov R., Lioy P. and Daisey J., Atmos. Environ., 19, 1325
(1985).
[14) Grimmer G., Naujack K.-W. and Schneider D., In Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons:
Chemistry and Biological Effects, Bjorseth A. and Dennis A.J. (eds), Battelle Press,
Columbus, 107-125 (1979).
[15] Nielsen T., Atmos. Environ., 22, 2249 (1988).
[16] Greenberg A., Atmos. Environ., 23, 2797 (1989).
[17] Greenberg A., Hsu e.H., Rothman N. and Strickland P.T., Polycl. Arom. Cmpds., 3, 101
(1993).
[18] Simonheit B., BioI. Soc. Wash. Bull., No.6, 49 (1985).
[19] Harkov R and Greenberg A., 1. Air Poll. Control Assoc., 35,238 (1985).
[20] Librando V., Polycycl. A rom. Cmpds., 5, 175 (1994).
Ecotoxicological Issues
4
CONCLUSION
The utility of P AH profiles for source apportionment is far from established. This
agrees with the results derived from recent studies employing Multivariate Data
Analysis, Principal Component Analysis and Partial Least Squares Regression [20].
The problems include variability of emission from a given source as a function of
temperature as well as differences in ambient reactivity. The possibility of using
source apportionment in winter [5] is rendered less likely by the overwhelming
contribution arising from wood combustion and the high variability in PAH
profiles derived from wood combustion [5].
KEYWORDS
PAH production, global change, environmental impact, toxicity, polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbon, combustion emission, automobile exhaust.
REFERENCES
[I]
National Academy of Sciences, Polycyclic Organic Matter, National Academy Press,
Washington, D.e. (1972).
[2]
National Academy of Sciences, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C. (1983).
[3]
Harvey R.G., Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Chemistry and Carcinogenicity,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (UK) (1991).
[4]
Grimmer G., Environmental Carcinogens: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, CRC Press,
Boca Raton, p. 29 (1983).
[5]
Daisey J.M., Cheney J.L. and Lioy PJ., 1. Air Poll. Control Assoc., 36, 17 (1986).
[6]
Lee M.L., Novotny M.V. and Bartle K.D., Anal. Chern., 48, 1556 (1976).
[7]
Howard J.B. and Longwell J.P., In Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Formation,
Metabolism and Measurement, Cooke, M., Dennis, AJ. (eds), Battelle Press, Columbus, 2762 (1983).
[8)
Fetzer J.e. and Biggs W.R, Polycycl. Arom. Cmpds., 5, 193 (1994).
[9)
Sullivan RF., Boduszynski M.M. and Fetzer J.e., Energy Fuels, 3, 603 (1989).
[10) Stein S.E., 1. Phys. Chern., 82, 566 (1978).
[II] Grimmer G., Bohnke H. and Glaser A., Zbl. Bakt. Hyg., I Abt. Orig. B, 164, 218 (1977).
[12] Greenberg A. and Darack F.B., In Molecular Structure and Energetics, Vol. 4, Liebman J.F.
and Greenberg A. (eds), VCH Pub., New York, 1-47 (1987).
[13] Greenberg A., Darack F., Harkov R., Lioy P. and Daisey J., Atmos. Environ., 19, 1325
(1985).
[14) Grimmer G., Naujack K.-W. and Schneider D., In Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons:
Chemistry and Biological Effects, Bjorseth A. and Dennis A.J. (eds), Battelle Press,
Columbus, 107-125 (1979).
[15] Nielsen T., Atmos. Environ., 22, 2249 (1988).
[16] Greenberg A., Atmos. Environ., 23, 2797 (1989).
[17] Greenberg A., Hsu e.H., Rothman N. and Strickland P.T., Polycl. Arom. Cmpds., 3, 101
(1993).
[18] Simonheit B., BioI. Soc. Wash. Bull., No.6, 49 (1985).
[19] Harkov R and Greenberg A., 1. Air Poll. Control Assoc., 35,238 (1985).
[20] Librando V., Polycycl. A rom. Cmpds., 5, 175 (1994).