F. Bouilli : The Use of G.I.S. in Petroleum Industry
253
Some specific studies have more deeply considered some networks (Jung, 1987)
or the cartographic aspects (Pasquier, 1987), or the application to· the environment
(Bouille, 1994b). Moreover, a particular effort has been made for managing
interconnections, intersections, superimpositions, embedments of these various
elements belonging to several networks and representing more than 30 000 cases.
People develop structures which were previously developed by other people for
other applications; for instance for urban areas, somebody develops a knowledge
structure dealing with road networks; but somebody had previously developed
approximately the same structure for studying the impact of the roads on the
environment in forest areas, and another team is developing a third version for
preparing the connection between cities. They speak about the same road concept,
they probably will reach the same set of components, but three teams have to
develop and do the same work; moreover, if they try to connect their applications
later, they will have to interface them, and it will not be very easy. Why waste brain,
time, effort and money, when it is possible to choose in a catalogue the
corresponding structure, generally made of more than 500 classes, 2000 or 3000
attributes, probably the same number of links? Then, they can reuse this structure,
entirely or partially, to compose it with other sub-structures, thus defining a new
application. Only a few hours are necessary, even one or two days, instead of
months.
The concept of "geographical structure kit" will provide many benefits, and
improve the quality of the structure used, because it is developed by specialists and
used by all others ensuring all future connections. For geographical purposes, it is
one of the most important practical tools in the near future. This one is not
relevant to software, but to the brain ware. A knowledge structure is not a set of
programming statements, as some elementary 0.-0. systems have tried to apply in
GIS.
5
STRUCTURING THE MAIN THEMES OF THE OIL
INDUSTRY
An important effort was launched a few years ago by the petroleum industry,
named the POSC project in order to develop tools for an object-oriented approach
of oil applications. Nevertheless, this project initiated by US companies is
completely obsolete because tools were developed a long time ago, far in advance
compared to the trends of the POSC tools. These at present do not exist and
people are re-inventing what was designed more than ten years ago for modeling
all oil themes, such as drilling, geophysics, diagraphies, etc .... HBDS may be
efficiently used (Sinsoilliez-Clauser, 1992).
The GSC presents all the basic themes necessary for implementing more specific
topics:
the topography, orography, hydrography and cadastral themes,
composed of more than 300 classes, considered as the basis for knowing
the environment of all expedition, mission, exploration and station
positioning,
253
Some specific studies have more deeply considered some networks (Jung, 1987)
or the cartographic aspects (Pasquier, 1987), or the application to· the environment
(Bouille, 1994b). Moreover, a particular effort has been made for managing
interconnections, intersections, superimpositions, embedments of these various
elements belonging to several networks and representing more than 30 000 cases.
People develop structures which were previously developed by other people for
other applications; for instance for urban areas, somebody develops a knowledge
structure dealing with road networks; but somebody had previously developed
approximately the same structure for studying the impact of the roads on the
environment in forest areas, and another team is developing a third version for
preparing the connection between cities. They speak about the same road concept,
they probably will reach the same set of components, but three teams have to
develop and do the same work; moreover, if they try to connect their applications
later, they will have to interface them, and it will not be very easy. Why waste brain,
time, effort and money, when it is possible to choose in a catalogue the
corresponding structure, generally made of more than 500 classes, 2000 or 3000
attributes, probably the same number of links? Then, they can reuse this structure,
entirely or partially, to compose it with other sub-structures, thus defining a new
application. Only a few hours are necessary, even one or two days, instead of
months.
The concept of "geographical structure kit" will provide many benefits, and
improve the quality of the structure used, because it is developed by specialists and
used by all others ensuring all future connections. For geographical purposes, it is
one of the most important practical tools in the near future. This one is not
relevant to software, but to the brain ware. A knowledge structure is not a set of
programming statements, as some elementary 0.-0. systems have tried to apply in
GIS.
5
STRUCTURING THE MAIN THEMES OF THE OIL
INDUSTRY
An important effort was launched a few years ago by the petroleum industry,
named the POSC project in order to develop tools for an object-oriented approach
of oil applications. Nevertheless, this project initiated by US companies is
completely obsolete because tools were developed a long time ago, far in advance
compared to the trends of the POSC tools. These at present do not exist and
people are re-inventing what was designed more than ten years ago for modeling
all oil themes, such as drilling, geophysics, diagraphies, etc .... HBDS may be
efficiently used (Sinsoilliez-Clauser, 1992).
The GSC presents all the basic themes necessary for implementing more specific
topics:
the topography, orography, hydrography and cadastral themes,
composed of more than 300 classes, considered as the basis for knowing
the environment of all expedition, mission, exploration and station
positioning,