484
Index
Sound (cant.)
interaural intensity difference, 350-351
interaural time difference, 349-350
psychophysics, 346ff
reverberation, 349
vertical dimension, 347
speed in water, 45
velocity, melon fats, 13, 140
South American boutu, see Amazon river
dolphin
Southern right whale (Eubalaena australis), vocalizations, 3
calls, 200-203
contact calls, 192
see also Right whale
Sperm whale (Physeter catodon), 1
ATOC,9
auditory nerve size, 279
burst pulses, 24
dialect, 27
echolocation, 14-15, 189-191
forehead, 14
frequency range, 57
hearing, 53
social groups, 173
sound production, 12ff, 122ff, 188
spiral ganglion cells, 92
vocalization, 186ff
Spermaceti organ, sound production, 12,
123,125,186-187
Spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris)
nasal passages, 120
whistle signals, 366
whistle sonogram, 17
Spiracular cavity, sound production,
127-128
Spiral ganglion cells
morphometry, 92
number of, 93
see also Auditory nerve
Spiral laminae, cetaceans, 89ff
Spiral ligament, 84
Spotted dolphin (Stene/la attenuata), 120
nasal passages, 120
psychoacoustics, 336
signature whistle, 179
Squamosal bones, hearing, 60ff
Staircase procedure, psychophysics,
332
Stenella, see Atlantic spotted dolphin
Stenella attenuata, see spotted dolphin
Stenella frontalis, see Atlantic spotted dolphin
Stenella longirostris, see Hawaiian spinner dolphin
Steno bredanensis (rough tooth dolphin),
biosonar signals, 117
Stria vascularis, 84
Stridulation, odontocete sound production,
130
Striped dolphin, trapezoid body, 280
Supracranial nasal region, bangs, 112
Swim bladder, as echolocation target,
169
Synchrony, vocalizations in group, 240
Target, cylinder wall thickness discrimination,393ff
Target detection, in noise, 379ff
Target, hollow cylinders, 390-391
Target material, echolocation, 388ff
Target range, click intervals, 375ff
discrimination, 387ff
Target strength, 384ff
fish, 167
metal sphere, 167-169
moths, 167
Target thickness, echolocation, 388ff
Telescoping, cetacean head, 58-59
Temporal bone, odontocetes, 67
Temporal integration, detection, 342ff
Temporal resolution, auditory CNS,
306-307
Terminal buzz, odontocetes, 113
Theca, biosonar beam formation, 139
Threshold, psychophysics, 333ff
Timelbandwidth product, biosonar signals,115
Time constant, temporal summation,
342-343
Time difference discrimination, echolocation range, 387
Time lag, biosonar signals, 375ff
Time separation pitch, 114,250,392
Timing, auditory CNS, 283-284
Tissue-borne component, biosonar signals, I 16ff
Tonal masking, 354-355
Index
Sound (cant.)
interaural intensity difference, 350-351
interaural time difference, 349-350
psychophysics, 346ff
reverberation, 349
vertical dimension, 347
speed in water, 45
velocity, melon fats, 13, 140
South American boutu, see Amazon river
dolphin
Southern right whale (Eubalaena australis), vocalizations, 3
calls, 200-203
contact calls, 192
see also Right whale
Sperm whale (Physeter catodon), 1
ATOC,9
auditory nerve size, 279
burst pulses, 24
dialect, 27
echolocation, 14-15, 189-191
forehead, 14
frequency range, 57
hearing, 53
social groups, 173
sound production, 12ff, 122ff, 188
spiral ganglion cells, 92
vocalization, 186ff
Spermaceti organ, sound production, 12,
123,125,186-187
Spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris)
nasal passages, 120
whistle signals, 366
whistle sonogram, 17
Spiracular cavity, sound production,
127-128
Spiral ganglion cells
morphometry, 92
number of, 93
see also Auditory nerve
Spiral laminae, cetaceans, 89ff
Spiral ligament, 84
Spotted dolphin (Stene/la attenuata), 120
nasal passages, 120
psychoacoustics, 336
signature whistle, 179
Squamosal bones, hearing, 60ff
Staircase procedure, psychophysics,
332
Stenella, see Atlantic spotted dolphin
Stenella attenuata, see spotted dolphin
Stenella frontalis, see Atlantic spotted dolphin
Stenella longirostris, see Hawaiian spinner dolphin
Steno bredanensis (rough tooth dolphin),
biosonar signals, 117
Stria vascularis, 84
Stridulation, odontocete sound production,
130
Striped dolphin, trapezoid body, 280
Supracranial nasal region, bangs, 112
Swim bladder, as echolocation target,
169
Synchrony, vocalizations in group, 240
Target, cylinder wall thickness discrimination,393ff
Target detection, in noise, 379ff
Target, hollow cylinders, 390-391
Target material, echolocation, 388ff
Target range, click intervals, 375ff
discrimination, 387ff
Target strength, 384ff
fish, 167
metal sphere, 167-169
moths, 167
Target thickness, echolocation, 388ff
Telescoping, cetacean head, 58-59
Temporal bone, odontocetes, 67
Temporal integration, detection, 342ff
Temporal resolution, auditory CNS,
306-307
Terminal buzz, odontocetes, 113
Theca, biosonar beam formation, 139
Threshold, psychophysics, 333ff
Timelbandwidth product, biosonar signals,115
Time constant, temporal summation,
342-343
Time difference discrimination, echolocation range, 387
Time lag, biosonar signals, 375ff
Time separation pitch, 114,250,392
Timing, auditory CNS, 283-284
Tissue-borne component, biosonar signals, I 16ff
Tonal masking, 354-355