4. Acoustic Communication in Whales and Dolphins
201
30
o~_-__......_
noise
30
so 100 200 ~O 1000 Hz
dB
60~Oise
h· gh calls
30
o SO 100 200 sao 1000 Hz
dB
dB
60
60
SO 100 200 sao 1000 Hz
dB~Ojse
60
,
down calls
30
o so 100 200 sao 1000 Hz
dB
- ,
n'" •
&
----~
H~
200
100
50'.....- - - - - -
Hz
1000
sao
200
100
50 ...- - - - - -
Hz
1000
sao
H~
1000
500
200
100
50.....- - - - - -
Hz
1000
sao
200
100 J..JI!!!!!~~~
50
DOWN
UP
HIGH
CONSTANT
HYBRID
'~::] ;:- -:::: '"
200
~. 30
100
')0
0 4-......-r---.---,
dB
Hz
PULSIVE
' :::J ~ ::
100
.
50
a +5-0-1"0-0-2"'0-0-5"'0-0"'1000 Hz
dB
FIGURE 4.13. Example spectrograms of six call types identified by Clark (1982, 1983)
from the acoustic repertoire of southern right whales, Eubalaena australis, on the
calving grounds. An average spectrum from 10 of each call (right) accompanies a
spectrogram of one of each call (left). The call spectrum is compared to the typical
spectrum of ambient noise in the environment where the calls were recorded.
(Modified from Figure 7 of Clark 1982.)