265.1 Macrorhamphosodes uradoi
(Kamohara, 1933)
Trumpetsnout
Trompetbek
Halimochirus [sic] uradoi Kamohara, 1933: 392, Figs. 1-3 (Japan).
Macrorhamphosodes uradoi: Tyler, 1968: 194* ; 1983: 7; Hulley, 1972:
193*; Tyler, 1983: 7.
D VI (last 3 rudimentary), 13-1S; A 13-1S; P 14-1S; V 1,1; OR 24-27; olfactory lamellae 12-14; pseudobranch lamellae 11-16. Head 1.8-2.0; tubular snout 2.S-2.8; eye 10-13; postorbital 16-20; mouth width IS-19; gill
opening 44-S6; body depth 4.7-5 .3. Mouth twisted progressively with increasing size.
Pinkish red, paler below, darker red dorsally and stripe
posteriorly from eye . Attains about 165 mm SL. Feeds on
scales of fishes. Taken in bottom trawls at 50 - 450 m; 1
record from 400 - 450 m off Port Elizabeth; Kenya to Japan.
265.1 Macrorhamphosodes uradoi: 14.5 em (Japan; after Tyler, 1968).
Genus Mephisto Tyler, 1966
Mouth terminal; snout short. One species, M. fraserbrunneri Tyler, 1966, known from only 2 specimens (1 from
off Somalia and the other from the Andaman Sea).
Genus Paratriacanthodes Fowler, 1934
D spines decreasing gradually in length; pelvis flat ventrally, its width 3-5 in its length; teeth large, conical, 1 row in
each jaw. Two species; P. herrei is known only from the
Philippines.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a D and V spines with scale spinules only
slightly and irregularly enlarged; pelvic width
about 5 in its length, which is about equal to
distance from snout tip to rear margin of eye;
postorbital distance (from eye to upper end
of gill opening) 3.4-3.6 in head; pseudobranch
lamellae 21-24, ventralmost below middle
of P base .... ........ ...... .. .... ...................... . P. herrei Myers, 1934
1b D and V spines with much enlarged scale
spinules forming 3 series of 3-5 retrorse barbs;
pelvic width about 3 in its length, which is
subequal to or only slightly less than head;
postorbital distance 3.8-4.0 in head ;
pseudobranch lamellae 12-15, ventralmost
above level of middle of P base ...... .... .. .. .... ...... ..... P. retrospinis
265: TRIACANTHODIDAE (SPIKEFISHES)
265.2 Paratriacanthodes retrospinis
Fowler, 1934
Sawspine spikefish
Saagstekel-spykervis
Paratriacanthodes retrospinis Fowler, 1934: 364, Fig. 114 (Formosa);
Tyler, 1968: 14S*; 1983: 1* .
D VI,15; A 13; P 13-14; V 1,1; OR 19-21; olfactory lamellae 10-13;
upper jaw teeth 13-17; lower jaw teeth 18-22. Head 2.4-2.9; snout 7.S-8.8;
eye 5.1-6.6; postorbital 9.0-11.4; mouth width 11-13; gill opening 15-24;
body depth 1.8-2.4.
Reddish pink, with 3 pale lines; ventral surface from
lower jaw to anus silvery blue. Attains about 90 mm SL.
Taken in bottom trawls in 100 - 454 m, from Japan and
China to Mozambique and Natal.
265.2 Paratriacanthodes retrospinis: 8.5 em (off Natal).
Genus Triacanthodes Bleeker, 1857
D spines decreasing gradually in length; pelvis flat ventrally, its width about 3-4 in its length; teeth large, conical,
most in a single series in jaws, with 1-6 inner teeth. Three
species, 1 in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a Length of naked skin over olfactory organ
2.2-3.2 in eye diameter and always longer than
distance between medial edges of the
scaleless nasal areas .. .. .. ..................... T. indicus Matsuura, 1982
(Saya de Malha Bank, western Indian Ocean)
I b Length of naked skin over olfactory organ
2.9-5.8 in eye diameter and equal to or slightly
less than distance between medial edges of
the scaleless nasal areas ...................... .. .................. . T. ethiops
265.3 Triacanthodes ethiops
Alcock, 1894
Shortsnout spikefish
Kortbek-spykervis
Triacanthodes ethiops Alcock, 1894: 137, PI. 7 (Bay of Bengal); Smith,
SFSA No. 1136*; Tyler, 1968: 124*; Benbow, 1974: 764*.
D VI,15-16; A 12-13; P 13-14; V 1,1-2; OR 16-19; pseudobranch lamellae 27-45; outer teeth in upper jaw 9-21, inner teeth 0-3; outer teeth in
889
(Kamohara, 1933)
Trumpetsnout
Trompetbek
Halimochirus [sic] uradoi Kamohara, 1933: 392, Figs. 1-3 (Japan).
Macrorhamphosodes uradoi: Tyler, 1968: 194* ; 1983: 7; Hulley, 1972:
193*; Tyler, 1983: 7.
D VI (last 3 rudimentary), 13-1S; A 13-1S; P 14-1S; V 1,1; OR 24-27; olfactory lamellae 12-14; pseudobranch lamellae 11-16. Head 1.8-2.0; tubular snout 2.S-2.8; eye 10-13; postorbital 16-20; mouth width IS-19; gill
opening 44-S6; body depth 4.7-5 .3. Mouth twisted progressively with increasing size.
Pinkish red, paler below, darker red dorsally and stripe
posteriorly from eye . Attains about 165 mm SL. Feeds on
scales of fishes. Taken in bottom trawls at 50 - 450 m; 1
record from 400 - 450 m off Port Elizabeth; Kenya to Japan.
265.1 Macrorhamphosodes uradoi: 14.5 em (Japan; after Tyler, 1968).
Genus Mephisto Tyler, 1966
Mouth terminal; snout short. One species, M. fraserbrunneri Tyler, 1966, known from only 2 specimens (1 from
off Somalia and the other from the Andaman Sea).
Genus Paratriacanthodes Fowler, 1934
D spines decreasing gradually in length; pelvis flat ventrally, its width 3-5 in its length; teeth large, conical, 1 row in
each jaw. Two species; P. herrei is known only from the
Philippines.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a D and V spines with scale spinules only
slightly and irregularly enlarged; pelvic width
about 5 in its length, which is about equal to
distance from snout tip to rear margin of eye;
postorbital distance (from eye to upper end
of gill opening) 3.4-3.6 in head; pseudobranch
lamellae 21-24, ventralmost below middle
of P base .... ........ ...... .. .... ...................... . P. herrei Myers, 1934
1b D and V spines with much enlarged scale
spinules forming 3 series of 3-5 retrorse barbs;
pelvic width about 3 in its length, which is
subequal to or only slightly less than head;
postorbital distance 3.8-4.0 in head ;
pseudobranch lamellae 12-15, ventralmost
above level of middle of P base ...... .... .. .. .... ...... ..... P. retrospinis
265: TRIACANTHODIDAE (SPIKEFISHES)
265.2 Paratriacanthodes retrospinis
Fowler, 1934
Sawspine spikefish
Saagstekel-spykervis
Paratriacanthodes retrospinis Fowler, 1934: 364, Fig. 114 (Formosa);
Tyler, 1968: 14S*; 1983: 1* .
D VI,15; A 13; P 13-14; V 1,1; OR 19-21; olfactory lamellae 10-13;
upper jaw teeth 13-17; lower jaw teeth 18-22. Head 2.4-2.9; snout 7.S-8.8;
eye 5.1-6.6; postorbital 9.0-11.4; mouth width 11-13; gill opening 15-24;
body depth 1.8-2.4.
Reddish pink, with 3 pale lines; ventral surface from
lower jaw to anus silvery blue. Attains about 90 mm SL.
Taken in bottom trawls in 100 - 454 m, from Japan and
China to Mozambique and Natal.
265.2 Paratriacanthodes retrospinis: 8.5 em (off Natal).
Genus Triacanthodes Bleeker, 1857
D spines decreasing gradually in length; pelvis flat ventrally, its width about 3-4 in its length; teeth large, conical,
most in a single series in jaws, with 1-6 inner teeth. Three
species, 1 in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a Length of naked skin over olfactory organ
2.2-3.2 in eye diameter and always longer than
distance between medial edges of the
scaleless nasal areas .. .. .. ..................... T. indicus Matsuura, 1982
(Saya de Malha Bank, western Indian Ocean)
I b Length of naked skin over olfactory organ
2.9-5.8 in eye diameter and equal to or slightly
less than distance between medial edges of
the scaleless nasal areas ...................... .. .................. . T. ethiops
265.3 Triacanthodes ethiops
Alcock, 1894
Shortsnout spikefish
Kortbek-spykervis
Triacanthodes ethiops Alcock, 1894: 137, PI. 7 (Bay of Bengal); Smith,
SFSA No. 1136*; Tyler, 1968: 124*; Benbow, 1974: 764*.
D VI,15-16; A 12-13; P 13-14; V 1,1-2; OR 16-19; pseudobranch lamellae 27-45; outer teeth in upper jaw 9-21, inner teeth 0-3; outer teeth in
889