Genus Arnoglossus Bleeker, 1862
About 26 species; 2 in our area, but A. blachei Stauch,
1965 (possibly conspecific with A. imperialis (Rafinesque,
1810» has been collected from Angola (17°S; Poll, 1959).
KEY TO SPECIES
la Maxilla not reaching middle of lower eye; upper jaw
2.8-3.5 in head; P 9-12 on eyed side; LL scales 49-65 ................. 2
1 b Maxilla extends beyond middle of lower eye;
upper jaw 2.1-2.2 in head; P 14-16 on eyed
side; LL scales ca. 73-86 ....................................... A. dalgleishi
2a Lower GR 8-14; LL scales 56-65; all or nearly
all of interorbital area concave except in small
specimens .......................................................... A. capensis
2b Lower GR 5-8; LL scales 49-58; entire interorbital
area ridge-like or only anterior half concave ................. A. blachei
259.1 Arnog/ossus capensis
Boulenger, 1898
Cape flounder
Kaapse botvis
Arnoglossus capensis Boulenger, 1898: 1 (False Bay); Norman, 1934:
183*; Smith, SFSA No. 311; Poll, 1959: 310 (in part, not Fig. 105); Nielsen,
1961: 116 (in part); Cadenat & Marchal, 1963: 1245*; Stauch, 1967: 660;
Penrith, 1978: 188; Brownell, 1979: 10*.
D 96-103; A 73-82; P 10-12 on eyed side, 9-11 on blind side; GR
0°(8-14); LL 56-65. Depth 2.1-2.7, head 3.7-4.5 in SL. Scales on eyed side
ctenoid. Anterior D rays somewhat prolonged in both sexes. Head profile
without pronounced notch at level of upper border of lower eye.
Small, indistinct dark spots and markings on median fins,
eyed side of body and head, and V of eyed side. Attains
18 cm. Natal to Angola, St. Helena and Ascension Id. In
1 - 110 m on sand and shell bottoms. Closely related to and
possibly conspecific with A. entomorhynchus Stauch, 1967
from Gulf of Guinea.
259.1 Arnoglossus capensis: 7 em SL; head of same specimen.
259: BOTHIDAE (LEFfEYE FLOUNDERS)
259.2 Arnog/ossus da/g/eishi
(von Bonde, 1922)
East coast flounder
Ooskus-botvis
Trichopsetta dalgleishi von Bonde, 1922: 6, PI. 1, Fig. 1 (Natal). Arnoglossus dalgleishi: Norman, 1934: 193*; Smith, SFSA No. 310*.
D 101-108; A 78-83; P 14-16 on eyed side, 11-12 on blind side; GR
0+(7-9); LL ca. 73-86. Depth 2.4-2.8, head 3.6-3.9 in SL. Upper-jaw teeth
becoming larger anteriorly; lower-jaw teeth larger and more widely
spaced than posterior teeth of upper jaw.
Regular series of dark blotches on 0 and A; last 3 V rays
on eyed side and 1st 3 0 rays darkened. Attains 19 cm.
Natal, Zanzibar, Mombasa and northeastern Indian Ocean
in 50 - 220 m.
259.2 Arnoglossus dalgleishi: 15.5 em paratype (Natal; after Norman, 1934).
Genus Asterorhombus Tanaka, 1915
Two species, A. intermedius (Bleeker, 1866) and A.
jijiensis (Norman, 1931); neither in our area, butA. jijiensis
has been collected from northern Mozambique.
Genus Bothus Rafinesque, 1810
Numerous species; 3 in our area. B. podas (Delaroche,
1809) is known from southern Angola (Poll, 1959).
KEY TO SPECIES
la Lower GR 9-11; D 96-104; A 74-81 ........................... B. mancus
Ib Lower GR 5-9; D 84-97; A 61-73 .......................................... 2
2a Scales on eyed side very small, all cycloid except
at edges of body .................................................. B. myriaster
2b Scales on eyed side ctenoid .................................................. 3
3a Upper jaw 2.7-3.3, lower jaw 1.9-2.4 in head;
head profile evenly convex; P of eyed side
elongated in males> 12 em SL ............................ B. pantherinus
3b Upper jaw 3.3-3.6, lower jaw 2.3-2.6 in head;
head profile slightly notched above lower eye;
P of eyed side not elongated. ......... ................... ......... B. podas
259.3 Bathus mancus
(Broussonet, 1782)
Tropical flounder
Tropiese botvis
Pleuronectes mancus Broussonet, 1782: no pagination or plate
numbers' (Tahiti). Bothus mancus: Norman, 1934: 230*; Smith, SFSA
No. 318*.
855
About 26 species; 2 in our area, but A. blachei Stauch,
1965 (possibly conspecific with A. imperialis (Rafinesque,
1810» has been collected from Angola (17°S; Poll, 1959).
KEY TO SPECIES
la Maxilla not reaching middle of lower eye; upper jaw
2.8-3.5 in head; P 9-12 on eyed side; LL scales 49-65 ................. 2
1 b Maxilla extends beyond middle of lower eye;
upper jaw 2.1-2.2 in head; P 14-16 on eyed
side; LL scales ca. 73-86 ....................................... A. dalgleishi
2a Lower GR 8-14; LL scales 56-65; all or nearly
all of interorbital area concave except in small
specimens .......................................................... A. capensis
2b Lower GR 5-8; LL scales 49-58; entire interorbital
area ridge-like or only anterior half concave ................. A. blachei
259.1 Arnog/ossus capensis
Boulenger, 1898
Cape flounder
Kaapse botvis
Arnoglossus capensis Boulenger, 1898: 1 (False Bay); Norman, 1934:
183*; Smith, SFSA No. 311; Poll, 1959: 310 (in part, not Fig. 105); Nielsen,
1961: 116 (in part); Cadenat & Marchal, 1963: 1245*; Stauch, 1967: 660;
Penrith, 1978: 188; Brownell, 1979: 10*.
D 96-103; A 73-82; P 10-12 on eyed side, 9-11 on blind side; GR
0°(8-14); LL 56-65. Depth 2.1-2.7, head 3.7-4.5 in SL. Scales on eyed side
ctenoid. Anterior D rays somewhat prolonged in both sexes. Head profile
without pronounced notch at level of upper border of lower eye.
Small, indistinct dark spots and markings on median fins,
eyed side of body and head, and V of eyed side. Attains
18 cm. Natal to Angola, St. Helena and Ascension Id. In
1 - 110 m on sand and shell bottoms. Closely related to and
possibly conspecific with A. entomorhynchus Stauch, 1967
from Gulf of Guinea.
259.1 Arnoglossus capensis: 7 em SL; head of same specimen.
259: BOTHIDAE (LEFfEYE FLOUNDERS)
259.2 Arnog/ossus da/g/eishi
(von Bonde, 1922)
East coast flounder
Ooskus-botvis
Trichopsetta dalgleishi von Bonde, 1922: 6, PI. 1, Fig. 1 (Natal). Arnoglossus dalgleishi: Norman, 1934: 193*; Smith, SFSA No. 310*.
D 101-108; A 78-83; P 14-16 on eyed side, 11-12 on blind side; GR
0+(7-9); LL ca. 73-86. Depth 2.4-2.8, head 3.6-3.9 in SL. Upper-jaw teeth
becoming larger anteriorly; lower-jaw teeth larger and more widely
spaced than posterior teeth of upper jaw.
Regular series of dark blotches on 0 and A; last 3 V rays
on eyed side and 1st 3 0 rays darkened. Attains 19 cm.
Natal, Zanzibar, Mombasa and northeastern Indian Ocean
in 50 - 220 m.
259.2 Arnoglossus dalgleishi: 15.5 em paratype (Natal; after Norman, 1934).
Genus Asterorhombus Tanaka, 1915
Two species, A. intermedius (Bleeker, 1866) and A.
jijiensis (Norman, 1931); neither in our area, butA. jijiensis
has been collected from northern Mozambique.
Genus Bothus Rafinesque, 1810
Numerous species; 3 in our area. B. podas (Delaroche,
1809) is known from southern Angola (Poll, 1959).
KEY TO SPECIES
la Lower GR 9-11; D 96-104; A 74-81 ........................... B. mancus
Ib Lower GR 5-9; D 84-97; A 61-73 .......................................... 2
2a Scales on eyed side very small, all cycloid except
at edges of body .................................................. B. myriaster
2b Scales on eyed side ctenoid .................................................. 3
3a Upper jaw 2.7-3.3, lower jaw 1.9-2.4 in head;
head profile evenly convex; P of eyed side
elongated in males> 12 em SL ............................ B. pantherinus
3b Upper jaw 3.3-3.6, lower jaw 2.3-2.6 in head;
head profile slightly notched above lower eye;
P of eyed side not elongated. ......... ................... ......... B. podas
259.3 Bathus mancus
(Broussonet, 1782)
Tropical flounder
Tropiese botvis
Pleuronectes mancus Broussonet, 1782: no pagination or plate
numbers' (Tahiti). Bothus mancus: Norman, 1934: 230*; Smith, SFSA
No. 318*.
855