pharyngeal teeth more like those of parrotfishes than wrasses. Grey with a
reddish brown spot on each scale of body; upper lip yellow with a blue
streak above it extending across cheek; C blackish with a broad pale
yellowish bar across base; teeth blue. Juveniles with 2 blue stripes, 1
dorsal and 1 venral.
Attains 25 cm. Indo-Pacific; recently collected at Sodwan a Bay.
Genus Pseudojuloides Fowler, 1949
Eight Indo-Pacific species; 1 known in our area, but 3
others are included in the key below as they may eventually
be taken here: P. argyreogaster Playfair & Gunther, 1867
from Zanzibar and Aldabra, P. erythrops Randall & Randall, 1981, from Mauritius, and P. xanthomos Randall &
Randall, 1981, known only from a single male specimen
from Mauritius. Revision by Randall & Randall, 1981.
KEY TO SPECIES
la 0 soft rays 12; P 12; no median predorsal scales;
dull green, the males with a horizontally elongate
blackish patch on side of body between soft
portions of 0 and A ...................................... [P. argyreogasterJ
1 b 0 soft rays 11 ; P 13; small median predorsal scales
present; colour not as in la ....... ... ....... .................. .... ... ........ 2
2a Body depth 5.0-5.4 in SL, the width 1.5-1.7 in
depth; depth of C peduncle 3.2-3.7 in head ; iris
red in life ; C of males blackish on margins (a large
pale subtriangular area in centre of fin) .. .... .. ... ....... [Po erythropsJ
2b Body depth 3.8-4.7 in SL, the width 1.8-2.4 in depth;
iris yellowish; C not blackish on margins but with a
large pale area in centre ................................. ............ ... ..... . 3
3a C slightly rounded to double emarginate; pores
along free margin of preopercle 10-13 ; median
predorsal scales 8-11; females light orange-red
dorsally , shading to yellowish ventrally on body
and whitish ventrally on head and chest; males
olive green dorsally, pale blue ventrally, with a
double stripe of blue and yellow midlaterally on
body and a large black area edged in light blue
submarginally in C ............ ... ...................... .. ....... P. eerasinus
3b C truncate; free margin of preopercle with 9 pores;
median pre dorsal scales about 12; colour of
females unknown; males orang ish grey, shading to
yellowish ventrally, with a yellow band in shoulder
region and a black spot anteriorly on 0 .... ... ..... .. .. [P. xanthomosJ
220.51 Pseudojuloides cerasinus
(Snyder, 1904)
PLATES 100 & 102
Smalltail wrasse
Klei nstert -I i pvis
Pseudojulis cerasina Snyder, 1904: 528 (Honolulu). Pseudojuloides
cerasinus: Smith , 1980: 181; Randall & Randall, 1981 : 64*.
o IX ,l1 ; A III,12; P 13; LL 27; head naked; median predorsal scales
8-11; scales on chest much smaller than those on body; body depth 3.8-4.4
in SL; a pair of strongly projecting canine teeth anteriorly in jaws; sides of
220: LABRIDAE (WRASSES)
jaws with chisel-like incisiform teeth. Females light orange-red dorsally,
shading to yellowish ventrally on body and whitish ventrally on head and
chest, fins pale yellowish; iris yellow. Males olive green dorsally, pale blue
ventrally, with a double stripe of blue and yellow midlaterally on body . C
greenish yellow with a large vertically elongate, blue-edged, black spot
posteriorly.
Attains 12.3 cm. Indo-Pacific. 1 specimen from Sodwana
Bay.
220.51 Pseudojuloides cerasinus: 7 em SL male (after Randall & Randall. 1981).
Genus Pteragogus Peters, 1855
About 7 species, all Indo-Pacific, 3 in our area.
Duymaeria Bleeker, 1856 is considered a synonym.
KEY TO SPECIES
la 0 spines 9, the membrane tips filamentous in
males (anterior filaments longest) ; 1st V ray not ,
or just reaching A origin ...... ........ ......................... P. flagellifer
Ib 0 spines 10 or 11, membrane tips not filamentous;
1st V ray prolonged (in males reaching well
beyond A origin) .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. 2
2a 0 XI,9; LL 24 (+2 on C); an ocellated black
spot on opercle; no prominent dark bar below
eye .............................. ..... .. .. ...................... ... ... .. P. pelyeus
2b 0 X,1O; LL 23 (+2 on C); no ocellus on opercle;
a dark bar (often pale-edged) passing ventrally
from eye ..... ..... ... ..... .. .... .. .. ... ....... .................. ..... P. taeniops
220.52 Pteragogus f/agellifer
(Valenciennes, 1839)
PLATE 103
Cocktail wrasse
Haanstert -lipvis
Ctenolabrus flagellifer Valenciennes, in Cuv. & Val. , 1839: 240 (no
locality). Duymaeriaflagellifera: Smith , SFSA No. 796*.
o IX,1O-12; A III,9; P 13; LL 23, sharply deflected downward beneath
rear of 0; GR (4-6)+(7-9); cheeks scaled to below centre of eye; body
depth 2.3-2.7 in SL; 2 pairs of canine teeth anteriorly in jaws, the more
lateral pair larger, strongly recurved, and somewhat outflaring in adults; a
row of conical teeth on side of jaws, those posteriorly on upper jaw enlarged; cornea modified to form a double pupil (true of all Pteragogus);
posterior preopercular margin finely serrate; membranes from tips of 0
spines prolonged to filaments , progressively longer anteriorly, very long
on males; 1st V ray not prolonged, not, or just, reaching A origin; C
strongly rounded. A longitudinal row of large, diffuse, dark brown
blotches on side of body; small blackish spots behind eye and along LL; a
black spot on 1st 0 membrane ; outer part of membranes and filaments of
spinous portion of 0 of males blackish.
701
reddish brown spot on each scale of body; upper lip yellow with a blue
streak above it extending across cheek; C blackish with a broad pale
yellowish bar across base; teeth blue. Juveniles with 2 blue stripes, 1
dorsal and 1 venral.
Attains 25 cm. Indo-Pacific; recently collected at Sodwan a Bay.
Genus Pseudojuloides Fowler, 1949
Eight Indo-Pacific species; 1 known in our area, but 3
others are included in the key below as they may eventually
be taken here: P. argyreogaster Playfair & Gunther, 1867
from Zanzibar and Aldabra, P. erythrops Randall & Randall, 1981, from Mauritius, and P. xanthomos Randall &
Randall, 1981, known only from a single male specimen
from Mauritius. Revision by Randall & Randall, 1981.
KEY TO SPECIES
la 0 soft rays 12; P 12; no median predorsal scales;
dull green, the males with a horizontally elongate
blackish patch on side of body between soft
portions of 0 and A ...................................... [P. argyreogasterJ
1 b 0 soft rays 11 ; P 13; small median predorsal scales
present; colour not as in la ....... ... ....... .................. .... ... ........ 2
2a Body depth 5.0-5.4 in SL, the width 1.5-1.7 in
depth; depth of C peduncle 3.2-3.7 in head ; iris
red in life ; C of males blackish on margins (a large
pale subtriangular area in centre of fin) .. .... .. ... ....... [Po erythropsJ
2b Body depth 3.8-4.7 in SL, the width 1.8-2.4 in depth;
iris yellowish; C not blackish on margins but with a
large pale area in centre ................................. ............ ... ..... . 3
3a C slightly rounded to double emarginate; pores
along free margin of preopercle 10-13 ; median
predorsal scales 8-11; females light orange-red
dorsally , shading to yellowish ventrally on body
and whitish ventrally on head and chest; males
olive green dorsally, pale blue ventrally, with a
double stripe of blue and yellow midlaterally on
body and a large black area edged in light blue
submarginally in C ............ ... ...................... .. ....... P. eerasinus
3b C truncate; free margin of preopercle with 9 pores;
median pre dorsal scales about 12; colour of
females unknown; males orang ish grey, shading to
yellowish ventrally, with a yellow band in shoulder
region and a black spot anteriorly on 0 .... ... ..... .. .. [P. xanthomosJ
220.51 Pseudojuloides cerasinus
(Snyder, 1904)
PLATES 100 & 102
Smalltail wrasse
Klei nstert -I i pvis
Pseudojulis cerasina Snyder, 1904: 528 (Honolulu). Pseudojuloides
cerasinus: Smith , 1980: 181; Randall & Randall, 1981 : 64*.
o IX ,l1 ; A III,12; P 13; LL 27; head naked; median predorsal scales
8-11; scales on chest much smaller than those on body; body depth 3.8-4.4
in SL; a pair of strongly projecting canine teeth anteriorly in jaws; sides of
220: LABRIDAE (WRASSES)
jaws with chisel-like incisiform teeth. Females light orange-red dorsally,
shading to yellowish ventrally on body and whitish ventrally on head and
chest, fins pale yellowish; iris yellow. Males olive green dorsally, pale blue
ventrally, with a double stripe of blue and yellow midlaterally on body . C
greenish yellow with a large vertically elongate, blue-edged, black spot
posteriorly.
Attains 12.3 cm. Indo-Pacific. 1 specimen from Sodwana
Bay.
220.51 Pseudojuloides cerasinus: 7 em SL male (after Randall & Randall. 1981).
Genus Pteragogus Peters, 1855
About 7 species, all Indo-Pacific, 3 in our area.
Duymaeria Bleeker, 1856 is considered a synonym.
KEY TO SPECIES
la 0 spines 9, the membrane tips filamentous in
males (anterior filaments longest) ; 1st V ray not ,
or just reaching A origin ...... ........ ......................... P. flagellifer
Ib 0 spines 10 or 11, membrane tips not filamentous;
1st V ray prolonged (in males reaching well
beyond A origin) .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. 2
2a 0 XI,9; LL 24 (+2 on C); an ocellated black
spot on opercle; no prominent dark bar below
eye .............................. ..... .. .. ...................... ... ... .. P. pelyeus
2b 0 X,1O; LL 23 (+2 on C); no ocellus on opercle;
a dark bar (often pale-edged) passing ventrally
from eye ..... ..... ... ..... .. .... .. .. ... ....... .................. ..... P. taeniops
220.52 Pteragogus f/agellifer
(Valenciennes, 1839)
PLATE 103
Cocktail wrasse
Haanstert -lipvis
Ctenolabrus flagellifer Valenciennes, in Cuv. & Val. , 1839: 240 (no
locality). Duymaeriaflagellifera: Smith , SFSA No. 796*.
o IX,1O-12; A III,9; P 13; LL 23, sharply deflected downward beneath
rear of 0; GR (4-6)+(7-9); cheeks scaled to below centre of eye; body
depth 2.3-2.7 in SL; 2 pairs of canine teeth anteriorly in jaws, the more
lateral pair larger, strongly recurved, and somewhat outflaring in adults; a
row of conical teeth on side of jaws, those posteriorly on upper jaw enlarged; cornea modified to form a double pupil (true of all Pteragogus);
posterior preopercular margin finely serrate; membranes from tips of 0
spines prolonged to filaments , progressively longer anteriorly, very long
on males; 1st V ray not prolonged, not, or just, reaching A origin; C
strongly rounded. A longitudinal row of large, diffuse, dark brown
blotches on side of body; small blackish spots behind eye and along LL; a
black spot on 1st 0 membrane ; outer part of membranes and filaments of
spinous portion of 0 of males blackish.
701