25a Mouth extremely protractile, the lower jaw very
long, its posterior end behind gill membranes; no free
preopercular margin (scaled over); body depth
2.0-2.2 in SL .......... .......... ............ .................... ..... Epibulus
25b Mouth not very protractile, and lower jaw
not long, not extending posterior to front edge of
eye; preopercular margin free (except Wetmorella);
body depth 2.2-3.9 in SL .................................................. 26
26a D IX, 12-14; A m,12-14; anterior LL 19-22; head
naked except for small scales below and sometimes
behind eye .......................................................... .......... 27
26b D IX-X,8-11; A m,8-9; antero~orsal LL 13-18;
cheek and postorbital head covered with moderate
to large scales ................................................................ 28
27a Dorsal profile of snout very steep, nearly vertical
in some species; eye nearer dorsal profile of head
than mouth; front of head ending in a fleshy
keel .................................................................... Xyrichtys
27b Dorsal profile of snout not steep, sloping at an
angle of about 45-60°; eye nearer mouth than dorsal
profile of head; front of head not ending in a
fleshy keel ................................................... Novaculichthys
28a P 13-16; 2nd A spine longer than 3rd; pupil
divided into 2 approximately equal parts ............ Pseudocheilinus
28b P 11-12; 3rd A spine longer than 2nd; pupil
not divided into 2 parts .................................................... 29
29a Dorsal and lower side of snout scaled;
no free preopercular margin scaled
over .................................. [Wetmorella Fowler & Bean, 1928]
29b Snout not scaled; preopercular margin free ................. Cheilinus
Genus Anampses Quoy & Gaimard, 1824
Indo-Pacific; 13 species, 3 recorded from our area. A.
twistii Bleeker, 1856 might be expected from our region,
and is therefore included in the key.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a LL 27; body depth 2.3-3.0 in SL; body of initial
phase brown with a dark-edged blue spot on each
scale; head reddish brown with blue lines radiating
from eye; terminal male olive green with a vertical
blue line on each scale, often with a broad light
green bar on side beneath P; head with irregular
narrow dark-edged blue bands .................... A. caeruleopunctatus
1b LL 26; body depth 3.0-3.4 in SL; colour not as in 1a .... .............. 2
2a C truncate (initial phase) to emarginate (terminal
male); GR 18-20; initial phase dark brown with small
white spots on head, body and D and A; C uniform
bright yellow; terminal males dark brown with
a dark-edged blue spot or line on each scale; C dull
orange with dark -edged blue spots and a whitish
posterior crescent ............................................. A. meleagrides
2b C rounded; GR 14-19; colour not as in 2a ............................... 3
220: LABRIDAE (WRASSES)
3a GR 14-16; body orangish brown with narrow
dark -edged light blue-green stripes passing along
middle of scale rows; basal two-fifths of C white, the
rest of fin black with a posterior hyaline margin ........... A. lineatus
3b GR 16-19; body brown with scattered, dark-edged
blue dots; shading to yellow on lower head, chest
and abdomen; C light red with small dark-edged blue
spots and a light blue posterior margin ....................... [A. twistii]
220.1 Anampses caeruleopunctatus
Ruppell, 1829
PLATE 93
Bluespotted tamarin
Blougespikkelde tamarin
Anampses caeruleopunctatus Riippell, 1829: 42, PI. 10, Fig. 1 (Red
Sea). Anampses diadematus Riippell, 1835: 21, PI. 6, Fig. 3 (Red Sea);
Smith, SFSA No. 785*. Anampses caeruleopunctatus: Smith, SFSA No.
786*; Randall, 1972: 160*; 1983: 122*.
D IX,12; A m,12; P 13; LL27; GR 18-21. A single pair of forward-projecting incisiform teeth in jaws, the uppers broader (usually with upcurved
pointed tips), the lowers downcurved and nearly conical; remaining teeth
tiny to imperceptible; C rounded in juveniles, slightly rounded to truncate
in adults. Body of initial phase olive brown with a dark-edged blue spot on
each scale; head reddish brown with narrow dark-edged blue bands, many
radiating from eye; median fins with dark-edged blue spots and blue
margins. Terminal males olive green with a blue vertical line on each
scale, often with a broad light green bar on side centered on 6th D spine,
and irregular dark-edged blue bands on head, the broadest across anterior
interorbital space; fins reddish with blue bands, D with a middle zone of
tiny blue spots or irregular markings.
Largest specimen examined, 40 cm. Indo-Pacific from
Red Sea and South Africa to Easter Id.; juveniles reach
Algoa Bay. An inshore species of exposed coral reefs or
rocky coasts.
220.2 Anampses lineatus
Randall,1972
PLATE 89
Lined tamarin
Gestreepte tamarin
Anampses melanurus lineatus Randall, 1972: 172, Fig. 7 (Gulf of
Aqaba, Red Sea). Anampses lineatus: Randall, 1983: 123*.
D IX,12; A m,12; P 13; LL 26; GR 14-16; dentition as in A.
caeruleopunctatus. C rounded. Body orange-brown, with longitudinal
pale blue-green lines (or rows of dashes) following scale rows; head with
irregular light blue-green lines; a black spot on opercular flap; C white
with a broad black bar covering most of rear V 2 of fin.
220.2 Anampses lineatus: 8 em SL male holotype (after Randall, 1972).
685
long, its posterior end behind gill membranes; no free
preopercular margin (scaled over); body depth
2.0-2.2 in SL .......... .......... ............ .................... ..... Epibulus
25b Mouth not very protractile, and lower jaw
not long, not extending posterior to front edge of
eye; preopercular margin free (except Wetmorella);
body depth 2.2-3.9 in SL .................................................. 26
26a D IX, 12-14; A m,12-14; anterior LL 19-22; head
naked except for small scales below and sometimes
behind eye .......................................................... .......... 27
26b D IX-X,8-11; A m,8-9; antero~orsal LL 13-18;
cheek and postorbital head covered with moderate
to large scales ................................................................ 28
27a Dorsal profile of snout very steep, nearly vertical
in some species; eye nearer dorsal profile of head
than mouth; front of head ending in a fleshy
keel .................................................................... Xyrichtys
27b Dorsal profile of snout not steep, sloping at an
angle of about 45-60°; eye nearer mouth than dorsal
profile of head; front of head not ending in a
fleshy keel ................................................... Novaculichthys
28a P 13-16; 2nd A spine longer than 3rd; pupil
divided into 2 approximately equal parts ............ Pseudocheilinus
28b P 11-12; 3rd A spine longer than 2nd; pupil
not divided into 2 parts .................................................... 29
29a Dorsal and lower side of snout scaled;
no free preopercular margin scaled
over .................................. [Wetmorella Fowler & Bean, 1928]
29b Snout not scaled; preopercular margin free ................. Cheilinus
Genus Anampses Quoy & Gaimard, 1824
Indo-Pacific; 13 species, 3 recorded from our area. A.
twistii Bleeker, 1856 might be expected from our region,
and is therefore included in the key.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a LL 27; body depth 2.3-3.0 in SL; body of initial
phase brown with a dark-edged blue spot on each
scale; head reddish brown with blue lines radiating
from eye; terminal male olive green with a vertical
blue line on each scale, often with a broad light
green bar on side beneath P; head with irregular
narrow dark-edged blue bands .................... A. caeruleopunctatus
1b LL 26; body depth 3.0-3.4 in SL; colour not as in 1a .... .............. 2
2a C truncate (initial phase) to emarginate (terminal
male); GR 18-20; initial phase dark brown with small
white spots on head, body and D and A; C uniform
bright yellow; terminal males dark brown with
a dark-edged blue spot or line on each scale; C dull
orange with dark -edged blue spots and a whitish
posterior crescent ............................................. A. meleagrides
2b C rounded; GR 14-19; colour not as in 2a ............................... 3
220: LABRIDAE (WRASSES)
3a GR 14-16; body orangish brown with narrow
dark -edged light blue-green stripes passing along
middle of scale rows; basal two-fifths of C white, the
rest of fin black with a posterior hyaline margin ........... A. lineatus
3b GR 16-19; body brown with scattered, dark-edged
blue dots; shading to yellow on lower head, chest
and abdomen; C light red with small dark-edged blue
spots and a light blue posterior margin ....................... [A. twistii]
220.1 Anampses caeruleopunctatus
Ruppell, 1829
PLATE 93
Bluespotted tamarin
Blougespikkelde tamarin
Anampses caeruleopunctatus Riippell, 1829: 42, PI. 10, Fig. 1 (Red
Sea). Anampses diadematus Riippell, 1835: 21, PI. 6, Fig. 3 (Red Sea);
Smith, SFSA No. 785*. Anampses caeruleopunctatus: Smith, SFSA No.
786*; Randall, 1972: 160*; 1983: 122*.
D IX,12; A m,12; P 13; LL27; GR 18-21. A single pair of forward-projecting incisiform teeth in jaws, the uppers broader (usually with upcurved
pointed tips), the lowers downcurved and nearly conical; remaining teeth
tiny to imperceptible; C rounded in juveniles, slightly rounded to truncate
in adults. Body of initial phase olive brown with a dark-edged blue spot on
each scale; head reddish brown with narrow dark-edged blue bands, many
radiating from eye; median fins with dark-edged blue spots and blue
margins. Terminal males olive green with a blue vertical line on each
scale, often with a broad light green bar on side centered on 6th D spine,
and irregular dark-edged blue bands on head, the broadest across anterior
interorbital space; fins reddish with blue bands, D with a middle zone of
tiny blue spots or irregular markings.
Largest specimen examined, 40 cm. Indo-Pacific from
Red Sea and South Africa to Easter Id.; juveniles reach
Algoa Bay. An inshore species of exposed coral reefs or
rocky coasts.
220.2 Anampses lineatus
Randall,1972
PLATE 89
Lined tamarin
Gestreepte tamarin
Anampses melanurus lineatus Randall, 1972: 172, Fig. 7 (Gulf of
Aqaba, Red Sea). Anampses lineatus: Randall, 1983: 123*.
D IX,12; A m,12; P 13; LL 26; GR 14-16; dentition as in A.
caeruleopunctatus. C rounded. Body orange-brown, with longitudinal
pale blue-green lines (or rows of dashes) following scale rows; head with
irregular light blue-green lines; a black spot on opercular flap; C white
with a broad black bar covering most of rear V 2 of fin.
220.2 Anampses lineatus: 8 em SL male holotype (after Randall, 1972).
685