Snapperkob
199.7 Otolithes ruber
(Schneider, 1801)
PLATE 71
Snapperkob
lohnius ruber Schneider, in Bloch & Schneider, 1801: 75, PI. 17 (Tranquebar, India). Otolithes ruber: Smith, SFSA No. 553*; Trewavas, 1977:
349*; van der Elst, 1981: 265*.
D IX-X1I,27-30; A 11,7-8; P 17; LL 48-50; GR (4-5)+(8-11). Depth 4.25.1, head 3.1-3.7 in SL; eye 4.3-7.4, interorbital width 4.0-4.9 in head.
Attains 80 cm. Indo-West Pacific extending south to at
least Durban.
Genus Umbrina Cuvier, 1816
Ctenoid scales on body and head; P distinctly shorter
than V; other characters given at 3a in generic key above.
Several species along both coasts of Americas, in the
Mediterranean, eastern Atlantic and western Indian
Ocean. At least 2 species occur in our area, and they are
difficult to distinguish. Umbrina capensis Pappe, 1853 is a
doubtful name (nomen dubium) as it cannot be assigned
with certainty to either of our species.
KEY TO SPECIES
la D X+I, 25-29; body depth 2.4-3.3 in SL; P 3.8-5.8
in SL .............................................................. U. canariensis
Ib D X+I, 23-26; body depth 2.9-3.5 in SL; P 5.6-6.4
in SL ................................................................. U. ronchus
Baardman
199.8 Umbrina canariensis
Valenciennes, 1843
PLATE 71
Baardman
Umbrina canariensis Valenciennes, 1843: 24 (Canary Ids.); Trewavas,
1977: 279*. Sciaena capensis: Smith, SFSA No. 556*; Smith & Smith,
1966: 45*. Sciaena sinuata: Smith, SFSA No. 558.
D X+I,25-29; A II,7; P 18; LL 49-51; GR (6-8)+(10-13). Depth
2.4-3.1, head 2.9-3.6, P 3.8-5.8 in SL; eye 3.2-4.9 in head.
Body of juveniles with narrow oblique dark and light
stripes, becoming obscure with age. Attains 55 cm. West
African coast from Morocco to the Cape, and in the western
199.8 Umbrina eanariensis: 25.5 em SL (Algoa Bay).
200: MENIDAE (MOONFISH)
Indian Ocean from False Bay to Pakistan. This species is the
common baardman of the eastern Cape Province.
199.9 Umbrina ronchus
Valenciennes, 1843
PLATE 71
Slender baardman
Siank baardman
Umbrina ronchus Valenciennes, 1843: 24 (Canary Ids.); Trewavas,
1977: 281. Umbrina robinsoni Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908: 182 (Natal);
Trewavas, 1977: 281. Umbrina angustilineata Gilchrist & Thompson,
1911: 38 (Natal). Sciaena robinsoni: Smith, SFSA No. 557* (in part; figure
appears to be U. canariensis, description compiled from both species).
D X+I, 23-26; A II,7; P 18; LL49-51; GR (5-6)+(9-11). Depth 2.9-3.5,
head 3.2-4.2, P 5.6-6.4 in SL; eye 4.4-5.3 in head.
Body of juveniles brown, with narrow oblique wavy
stripes, becoming obscure with age. Attains 70 cm. Known
from Canary Ids. and northwest coast of Africa to the Cape
and along east coast of Africa to the Persian Gulf. This
species appears to be rare in the Cape Province; all of our
specimens are from Natal.
Moonfish
Family No. 200: MENIDAE
by M.M. Smith
Maanvis
Body extremely compressed, disc-like; breast sharp;
scales minute, deciduous, barely visible; mouth protrusible;
jaws with bands of villiform teeth, none on vomer or
palatines. One dorsal fin, the spines rudimentary or absent;
caudal fin forked; anal fin base very long, the rays very
short, embedded, with only their widely branched tips visible; 1st 2 pelvic fin rays elongated.
A single genus, Mene Lacepede, 1803 with 1 species.
Moonfish
200.1 Mene maculata
(Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
Maanvis
Zeus maculatus Bloch & Schneider 1801: 95, PI. 22 (Tranquebar,
India). Mene maculata: Smith, SFSA No. 623*.
D III-IV,40-45 (spines lost with age); A 30-33; V 1,5 spine small, 1st 2
rays fused and elongated; P 15; GR (6-7)+(23-24). Body depth 1.3-1.5 in
SL.
Dark blue above, silvery white below; 2 or 3 rows of dark
spots immediately above and below LL. Attains at least
20 cm. Tropical Indo-Pacific; south to Durban. Generally in
shoals, nowhere abundant, frequents coastal waters but
619
199.7 Otolithes ruber
(Schneider, 1801)
PLATE 71
Snapperkob
lohnius ruber Schneider, in Bloch & Schneider, 1801: 75, PI. 17 (Tranquebar, India). Otolithes ruber: Smith, SFSA No. 553*; Trewavas, 1977:
349*; van der Elst, 1981: 265*.
D IX-X1I,27-30; A 11,7-8; P 17; LL 48-50; GR (4-5)+(8-11). Depth 4.25.1, head 3.1-3.7 in SL; eye 4.3-7.4, interorbital width 4.0-4.9 in head.
Attains 80 cm. Indo-West Pacific extending south to at
least Durban.
Genus Umbrina Cuvier, 1816
Ctenoid scales on body and head; P distinctly shorter
than V; other characters given at 3a in generic key above.
Several species along both coasts of Americas, in the
Mediterranean, eastern Atlantic and western Indian
Ocean. At least 2 species occur in our area, and they are
difficult to distinguish. Umbrina capensis Pappe, 1853 is a
doubtful name (nomen dubium) as it cannot be assigned
with certainty to either of our species.
KEY TO SPECIES
la D X+I, 25-29; body depth 2.4-3.3 in SL; P 3.8-5.8
in SL .............................................................. U. canariensis
Ib D X+I, 23-26; body depth 2.9-3.5 in SL; P 5.6-6.4
in SL ................................................................. U. ronchus
Baardman
199.8 Umbrina canariensis
Valenciennes, 1843
PLATE 71
Baardman
Umbrina canariensis Valenciennes, 1843: 24 (Canary Ids.); Trewavas,
1977: 279*. Sciaena capensis: Smith, SFSA No. 556*; Smith & Smith,
1966: 45*. Sciaena sinuata: Smith, SFSA No. 558.
D X+I,25-29; A II,7; P 18; LL 49-51; GR (6-8)+(10-13). Depth
2.4-3.1, head 2.9-3.6, P 3.8-5.8 in SL; eye 3.2-4.9 in head.
Body of juveniles with narrow oblique dark and light
stripes, becoming obscure with age. Attains 55 cm. West
African coast from Morocco to the Cape, and in the western
199.8 Umbrina eanariensis: 25.5 em SL (Algoa Bay).
200: MENIDAE (MOONFISH)
Indian Ocean from False Bay to Pakistan. This species is the
common baardman of the eastern Cape Province.
199.9 Umbrina ronchus
Valenciennes, 1843
PLATE 71
Slender baardman
Siank baardman
Umbrina ronchus Valenciennes, 1843: 24 (Canary Ids.); Trewavas,
1977: 281. Umbrina robinsoni Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908: 182 (Natal);
Trewavas, 1977: 281. Umbrina angustilineata Gilchrist & Thompson,
1911: 38 (Natal). Sciaena robinsoni: Smith, SFSA No. 557* (in part; figure
appears to be U. canariensis, description compiled from both species).
D X+I, 23-26; A II,7; P 18; LL49-51; GR (5-6)+(9-11). Depth 2.9-3.5,
head 3.2-4.2, P 5.6-6.4 in SL; eye 4.4-5.3 in head.
Body of juveniles brown, with narrow oblique wavy
stripes, becoming obscure with age. Attains 70 cm. Known
from Canary Ids. and northwest coast of Africa to the Cape
and along east coast of Africa to the Persian Gulf. This
species appears to be rare in the Cape Province; all of our
specimens are from Natal.
Moonfish
Family No. 200: MENIDAE
by M.M. Smith
Maanvis
Body extremely compressed, disc-like; breast sharp;
scales minute, deciduous, barely visible; mouth protrusible;
jaws with bands of villiform teeth, none on vomer or
palatines. One dorsal fin, the spines rudimentary or absent;
caudal fin forked; anal fin base very long, the rays very
short, embedded, with only their widely branched tips visible; 1st 2 pelvic fin rays elongated.
A single genus, Mene Lacepede, 1803 with 1 species.
Moonfish
200.1 Mene maculata
(Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
Maanvis
Zeus maculatus Bloch & Schneider 1801: 95, PI. 22 (Tranquebar,
India). Mene maculata: Smith, SFSA No. 623*.
D III-IV,40-45 (spines lost with age); A 30-33; V 1,5 spine small, 1st 2
rays fused and elongated; P 15; GR (6-7)+(23-24). Body depth 1.3-1.5 in
SL.
Dark blue above, silvery white below; 2 or 3 rows of dark
spots immediately above and below LL. Attains at least
20 cm. Tropical Indo-Pacific; south to Durban. Generally in
shoals, nowhere abundant, frequents coastal waters but
619