196.11 Upeneus sulphureus
Cuvier, 1829
PLATE 70
Sunrise goatfish
Dagbreek-bokvis
Upeneus sulphureus Cuvier, in Cuv. & Val., 1829: 450 (Sunda, Indonesia); Smith, SFSA No. 563*; Thomas, 1969: 17*.
D VIII+I,8 1st spine minute; A 1,7; LL 33-35; GR 8+(20-21). Depth
3.4-3.5, head 3.1-3.3 in SL, snout 2.3-2.6, eye 3.6-3.7, interorbital 3.8-4.0,
barbels 1.3-1.5, peduncle depth 2.6-2.7, peduncle length 1.4 in head.
Attains 20 cm. Indo-West Pacific, south to Delagoa Bay.
196.12 Upeneus tragula
Richardson, 1846
PLATE 70
Blackstriped goatfish
Swartstreep-bokvis
Upeneus tragula Richardson, 1846: 220 (Canton, India); Smith, SFSA
No. 560*; Thomas, 1969: 23. Upeneus bensasi (non Schlegel): Smith,
SFSA No. 562*.
D VIII+I,8 1st spine minute; A 1,6; LL 29-30; GR (6-7)+(16-17).
Depth 3.7-4.0, head 3.4-3.6 in SL; snout 2.3-2.5, eye 4.2-4.7, interorbital
3.6-3.8, barbels 1.7-1.8, peduncle depth 2.6-2.9, peduncle length 1.1-1.2
in head. Barbels not reaching preopercle margin.
Usually brown-blackish horizontal stripe from snout to
C; irregular dots and blotches on body. Attains 20 cm. IndoWest Pacific, south to Durban.
196.13 Upeneus vittatus
(Forsskal, 1775)
PLATE 70
Yellowbanded goatfish
Geelband-bokvis
Mullus vittatus Forsskill, 1775: 31 (Djedda, Red Sea). Upeneus vittatus:
Smith, SFSA No. 561*; Thomas, 1969: 23*.
D VIII +I ,8 1st spine minute; A 1,7; LL 34-35; GR (8-9)+(20-21).
Depth 3.6-3.8, head 3.3-3.4 in SL; snout 2.6-2.9, eye 3.8-4.2, interorbital
3.5-3.9, barbels 1.7-1.9, peduncle depth 2.6-2.9, peduncle length 1.2-1.4
in head.
Attains 28 cm. Indo-West Pacific, Red Sea and southward to East London.
Family No. 197: MALACANTHIDAE
by P.C. Heemstra
Tilefishes
Teelvisse
Body oblong, somewhat compressed or elongate and
subcylindrical. Gill membranes free from isthmus; branchiostegals 6; gills 4, a slit behind last. Pelvic fins 1,5; no
scaly axillary process at base. Caudal fin with 15 branched
rays. Nostrils paired. Villiform teeth and a few canines on
jaws; no teeth on vomer or palatines. Opercle with 1 spine
posteriorly; preopercle serrate or smooth.
197: MALACANTHlDAE (TILEFISHES)
The postlarval stages are remarkable for the elongated
serrate spines on the head. The postlarvae are rather large
(5-7 cm SL) before transforming to the juvenile stage, and
were easily mistaken for distinct species. Recently revised
by Dooley (1978), who recognises 2 families: Branchiostegidae (with 3 genera and 21 species) and Malacanthidae
(with 2 genera and 8 species). Malacanthidae (Giinther,
1861) is the oldest family name for these fishes. Three
genera and 5 species in our area.
KEY TO GENERA
1a D spines + rays 46-63; A I,37-53 ........................... Malacanthus
1b D spines + rays 21-23; A n,1l-12 ......................................... 2
2a C truncate or emarginate; D VI-VII,14-16 ............ Branchiostegus
2b C forked; D X,13 ................................................ Hoplolatilus
Genus Branchiostegus Rafinesque, 1815
A low fleshy median ridge before D; preopercle serrate;
LL scales 47-51; vertebrae 10+ 14. Dooley (1978) recognises 8 species in this genus; 2 occur in our area. B. semifasciatus (Norman, 1931) is included in the key, as it is known
from southern Angola and may turn up in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a Body with 5-7 rows of dark spots along middle
of sides; dark spot at base of inter-radial
membranes of D ............................................ B. sawakinensis
1b Body with 16-20 dark vertical bars dorsally; inter-radial
membranes of D not dark at base offin .................................. 2
2a No dark blotch on operculum; 19-20 dark bars
on body; predorsal ridge dark; dark blotch at
upper end of P base ........................................ B. semifasciatus
2b Dark blotch on operculum; 16-18 dark bars on
body; predorsal ridge not dark; no dark blotch
at upper end of P base ............................................ B. doliatus
197.1 Branchiostegus doliatus
(Cuvier, 1830)
PLATE 71
Ribbed tilefish
Geribde teelvis
Latilus doliatus Cuvier, in Cuv. & Val., 1830: 371, PI. 130 (Mauritius).
Branchiostegus doliatus: Smith, SFSA No. 416*; Dooley, 1978: 42*.
D VII,16; A n,12; P 18; GR 7+(12-13). Body depth 3.7-4.0, head
length 3.7-4.1 in SL; eye 3.1-3.9 in head. C emarginate, upper and lowermost rays slightly prolonged.
Body pink, suffused with yellow dorsally between the
black bars; vertical fins yellowish. Attains 40 cm. Occurs in
9 - 600 m. Known from Maputo to Durban, Mauritius and
Reunion.
613
Cuvier, 1829
PLATE 70
Sunrise goatfish
Dagbreek-bokvis
Upeneus sulphureus Cuvier, in Cuv. & Val., 1829: 450 (Sunda, Indonesia); Smith, SFSA No. 563*; Thomas, 1969: 17*.
D VIII+I,8 1st spine minute; A 1,7; LL 33-35; GR 8+(20-21). Depth
3.4-3.5, head 3.1-3.3 in SL, snout 2.3-2.6, eye 3.6-3.7, interorbital 3.8-4.0,
barbels 1.3-1.5, peduncle depth 2.6-2.7, peduncle length 1.4 in head.
Attains 20 cm. Indo-West Pacific, south to Delagoa Bay.
196.12 Upeneus tragula
Richardson, 1846
PLATE 70
Blackstriped goatfish
Swartstreep-bokvis
Upeneus tragula Richardson, 1846: 220 (Canton, India); Smith, SFSA
No. 560*; Thomas, 1969: 23. Upeneus bensasi (non Schlegel): Smith,
SFSA No. 562*.
D VIII+I,8 1st spine minute; A 1,6; LL 29-30; GR (6-7)+(16-17).
Depth 3.7-4.0, head 3.4-3.6 in SL; snout 2.3-2.5, eye 4.2-4.7, interorbital
3.6-3.8, barbels 1.7-1.8, peduncle depth 2.6-2.9, peduncle length 1.1-1.2
in head. Barbels not reaching preopercle margin.
Usually brown-blackish horizontal stripe from snout to
C; irregular dots and blotches on body. Attains 20 cm. IndoWest Pacific, south to Durban.
196.13 Upeneus vittatus
(Forsskal, 1775)
PLATE 70
Yellowbanded goatfish
Geelband-bokvis
Mullus vittatus Forsskill, 1775: 31 (Djedda, Red Sea). Upeneus vittatus:
Smith, SFSA No. 561*; Thomas, 1969: 23*.
D VIII +I ,8 1st spine minute; A 1,7; LL 34-35; GR (8-9)+(20-21).
Depth 3.6-3.8, head 3.3-3.4 in SL; snout 2.6-2.9, eye 3.8-4.2, interorbital
3.5-3.9, barbels 1.7-1.9, peduncle depth 2.6-2.9, peduncle length 1.2-1.4
in head.
Attains 28 cm. Indo-West Pacific, Red Sea and southward to East London.
Family No. 197: MALACANTHIDAE
by P.C. Heemstra
Tilefishes
Teelvisse
Body oblong, somewhat compressed or elongate and
subcylindrical. Gill membranes free from isthmus; branchiostegals 6; gills 4, a slit behind last. Pelvic fins 1,5; no
scaly axillary process at base. Caudal fin with 15 branched
rays. Nostrils paired. Villiform teeth and a few canines on
jaws; no teeth on vomer or palatines. Opercle with 1 spine
posteriorly; preopercle serrate or smooth.
197: MALACANTHlDAE (TILEFISHES)
The postlarval stages are remarkable for the elongated
serrate spines on the head. The postlarvae are rather large
(5-7 cm SL) before transforming to the juvenile stage, and
were easily mistaken for distinct species. Recently revised
by Dooley (1978), who recognises 2 families: Branchiostegidae (with 3 genera and 21 species) and Malacanthidae
(with 2 genera and 8 species). Malacanthidae (Giinther,
1861) is the oldest family name for these fishes. Three
genera and 5 species in our area.
KEY TO GENERA
1a D spines + rays 46-63; A I,37-53 ........................... Malacanthus
1b D spines + rays 21-23; A n,1l-12 ......................................... 2
2a C truncate or emarginate; D VI-VII,14-16 ............ Branchiostegus
2b C forked; D X,13 ................................................ Hoplolatilus
Genus Branchiostegus Rafinesque, 1815
A low fleshy median ridge before D; preopercle serrate;
LL scales 47-51; vertebrae 10+ 14. Dooley (1978) recognises 8 species in this genus; 2 occur in our area. B. semifasciatus (Norman, 1931) is included in the key, as it is known
from southern Angola and may turn up in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a Body with 5-7 rows of dark spots along middle
of sides; dark spot at base of inter-radial
membranes of D ............................................ B. sawakinensis
1b Body with 16-20 dark vertical bars dorsally; inter-radial
membranes of D not dark at base offin .................................. 2
2a No dark blotch on operculum; 19-20 dark bars
on body; predorsal ridge dark; dark blotch at
upper end of P base ........................................ B. semifasciatus
2b Dark blotch on operculum; 16-18 dark bars on
body; predorsal ridge not dark; no dark blotch
at upper end of P base ............................................ B. doliatus
197.1 Branchiostegus doliatus
(Cuvier, 1830)
PLATE 71
Ribbed tilefish
Geribde teelvis
Latilus doliatus Cuvier, in Cuv. & Val., 1830: 371, PI. 130 (Mauritius).
Branchiostegus doliatus: Smith, SFSA No. 416*; Dooley, 1978: 42*.
D VII,16; A n,12; P 18; GR 7+(12-13). Body depth 3.7-4.0, head
length 3.7-4.1 in SL; eye 3.1-3.9 in head. C emarginate, upper and lowermost rays slightly prolonged.
Body pink, suffused with yellow dorsally between the
black bars; vertical fins yellowish. Attains 40 cm. Occurs in
9 - 600 m. Known from Maputo to Durban, Mauritius and
Reunion.
613