138: ZEIDAE (DORIES)
KEY TO GENERA
1a V with 9 or 10 soft-rays and no spine; A I-II,29-30;
thoracic region broad and flattened ventrally . . . . . . .. Cyttopsis
1b Total V elements (spine + rays) 6-8; A II-IV,20-39 .......... 2
2a A II,37-39; body covered with small ctenoid scales;
no bony plates or spines along base of D & A .......... Cyttus
2b A III-IV,20-26; scales cycloid, rudimentary (embedded)
or absent; large bony bucklers or spines along base of
D&A ...................................... 3
3a A III,24-26; bony bucklers (5 or 6) along base of
both spiny and soft-rayed D .................... Zenopsis
3b A IV,20-23; bony bucklers or spines only along soft
Dbase .................................... Zeus
Chests and bellies of A. Cyttopsis roseus: 18.5 em SL specimen; B. Cyttus
traversi: 35.5 em SL specimen; C. Zeus capensis: 27.5 em SL specimen.
Genus Cyttopsis Gill, 1862
One species.
138.1 Cyttopsis roseus
(Lowe, 1843)
PLATE 17
Zeus roseus Lowe, 1843: 85 (Madeira). Paracyttopsis scutatus Gilchrist
& von Bonde, 1924: 18, PI. 5 (Natal). Zen scutatus: Smith, SFSA No. 274.
Cyttopsis roseus: Heemstra, 1980: 5*.
138.1 Cyttopsis roseus: 18.5 em SL (off Durban).
436
D VII-VIII/28-30; A I-II ,29-30 (1st spine short, broad and immovable;
2nd spine very small); P 13-14; V 9-10; GR rudimentary, 1+8. Depth
1.7-2.0, head 2.4-2.8 in SL; eye 2.3-2.9 in head. Scales small, cycloid; 2
keeled scutes between V and anus; row of low bony ridges on each side
along base of soft D and A. Jaws with bands of villiform granular teeth;
similar teeth on vomer.
Rosy pink and silvery in life; V reddish, the membranes
black. Attains 22 cm. Off Natal in 400 - 600 m; in eastern
Atlantic from France to southern Angola, from the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico and off southwest coast of India,
Maldives and Japan.
Genus Cyttus Gunther, 1860
Three species; 1 in our area.
138.2 Cyttus traversi
Hutton, 1872
Cyttus traversi Hutton, 1872: 19 (Saltwater Creek, Canterbury, New
Zealand); Heemstra, 1980: 7*; Trunov, 1982: 51. Cyttus ventralis Barnard
& Davies, 1947: 790, Fig. (near Cape Town). Cyttoides jacksoni Smith,
1947: 795 (Algoa Bay). Cyttoidops mccullochi: Smith, SFSA No. 268*;
Karrer, 1973: 232*.
D IX-Xl35-37; A II,36-38; P 17-18; V 1,6; lower GR 12,iv. Depth
0.9-1.6, head 2.0-2.6 in SL; eye 2.6-4.0 in head. Scales small, ctenoid,
covering body, also on cheeks; D and A with a sheath at their base of 2
rows of scales; zip-like double row of small scutes from sternal angle to
anus. Narrow band of villiform teeth on jaws and vomer.
Juveniles (to 10 cm) silvery with brown blotches; adults
silvery grey; 1st D black distally. Attains 50 cm. Walvis
Ridge and off Cape Town to Algoa Bay in 360 -460 m; south
coast of Australia and New Zealand.
138.2 Cyttus traversi: 35.5 em SL lectotype of Cyttoides jacksoni (off Algoa
Bay).
KEY TO GENERA
1a V with 9 or 10 soft-rays and no spine; A I-II,29-30;
thoracic region broad and flattened ventrally . . . . . . .. Cyttopsis
1b Total V elements (spine + rays) 6-8; A II-IV,20-39 .......... 2
2a A II,37-39; body covered with small ctenoid scales;
no bony plates or spines along base of D & A .......... Cyttus
2b A III-IV,20-26; scales cycloid, rudimentary (embedded)
or absent; large bony bucklers or spines along base of
D&A ...................................... 3
3a A III,24-26; bony bucklers (5 or 6) along base of
both spiny and soft-rayed D .................... Zenopsis
3b A IV,20-23; bony bucklers or spines only along soft
Dbase .................................... Zeus
Chests and bellies of A. Cyttopsis roseus: 18.5 em SL specimen; B. Cyttus
traversi: 35.5 em SL specimen; C. Zeus capensis: 27.5 em SL specimen.
Genus Cyttopsis Gill, 1862
One species.
138.1 Cyttopsis roseus
(Lowe, 1843)
PLATE 17
Zeus roseus Lowe, 1843: 85 (Madeira). Paracyttopsis scutatus Gilchrist
& von Bonde, 1924: 18, PI. 5 (Natal). Zen scutatus: Smith, SFSA No. 274.
Cyttopsis roseus: Heemstra, 1980: 5*.
138.1 Cyttopsis roseus: 18.5 em SL (off Durban).
436
D VII-VIII/28-30; A I-II ,29-30 (1st spine short, broad and immovable;
2nd spine very small); P 13-14; V 9-10; GR rudimentary, 1+8. Depth
1.7-2.0, head 2.4-2.8 in SL; eye 2.3-2.9 in head. Scales small, cycloid; 2
keeled scutes between V and anus; row of low bony ridges on each side
along base of soft D and A. Jaws with bands of villiform granular teeth;
similar teeth on vomer.
Rosy pink and silvery in life; V reddish, the membranes
black. Attains 22 cm. Off Natal in 400 - 600 m; in eastern
Atlantic from France to southern Angola, from the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico and off southwest coast of India,
Maldives and Japan.
Genus Cyttus Gunther, 1860
Three species; 1 in our area.
138.2 Cyttus traversi
Hutton, 1872
Cyttus traversi Hutton, 1872: 19 (Saltwater Creek, Canterbury, New
Zealand); Heemstra, 1980: 7*; Trunov, 1982: 51. Cyttus ventralis Barnard
& Davies, 1947: 790, Fig. (near Cape Town). Cyttoides jacksoni Smith,
1947: 795 (Algoa Bay). Cyttoidops mccullochi: Smith, SFSA No. 268*;
Karrer, 1973: 232*.
D IX-Xl35-37; A II,36-38; P 17-18; V 1,6; lower GR 12,iv. Depth
0.9-1.6, head 2.0-2.6 in SL; eye 2.6-4.0 in head. Scales small, ctenoid,
covering body, also on cheeks; D and A with a sheath at their base of 2
rows of scales; zip-like double row of small scutes from sternal angle to
anus. Narrow band of villiform teeth on jaws and vomer.
Juveniles (to 10 cm) silvery with brown blotches; adults
silvery grey; 1st D black distally. Attains 50 cm. Walvis
Ridge and off Cape Town to Algoa Bay in 360 -460 m; south
coast of Australia and New Zealand.
138.2 Cyttus traversi: 35.5 em SL lectotype of Cyttoides jacksoni (off Algoa
Bay).