19b SAOl on same level with, or only slightly higher than VOs;
maxilla extends more than diameter of eye past orbit .............. 20
20a Vn very long, extending along most of ventral border
of eye, its dorsal margin with small, round, bud-like
projections ......................................................... D. luetkeni
20b Vn roundish or oval, located on ventral margin of
eye about under centre of pupil, or extending from
this region as a posterior wedge, with no dorsal
bud-like projections ........................................ D. diadematus
21a Ant absent .................................................................... 22
21b Ant present ................................................................... 24
22a Dn larger than nasal rosette, its dorsal margin
extending higher than level of dorsal margin of orbit;
D 17-18 (rarely 16) ................................................ D.lucidus
22b Dn smaller than nasal rosette, its dorsal margin below
dorsal margin of orbit; D 14-15 (rarely 16) ........................... 23
23a Vn barely reaching vertical at front margin of pupil;
supraorbital spine well developed; total GR 17-18
(rarely 19) ..................................................... D. splendidus
23b Vn extending beyond vertical at front margin of
pupil; supraorbital spine absent or weakly
developed; total GR 20-22 (rarely 19) ................ D. antonbruuni
24a Dn smaller than nasal rosette ............................................ 25
24b Dn equal to or larger than nasal rosette ............................... 26
25a PLO nearer upper base of P than LL; SA03 and
Pol 3 photophore-diameters or more below LL .......... D. watasei
25b PLO nearer LL than to upper base of P; SA03 and
Poll photophore-diameter orless below LL ............... D. knappi
26a Head about as long as it is deep .......................... ............... 27
26b Head much longer than it is deep ....................................... 28
27a Vn extending along ventral margin of orbit to
somewhat behind vertical at centre of pupil; PLO
nearer LL than to upper base of P; VLO nearer LL
than to V base; last 2 AOa photophores not
elevated or raised ..................................... D. metopoclampus
27b Vn not extending to front edge of pupil; PLO
midway between LL and upper base of P; VLO
about midway between LL and V base; last 2
AOa photophores elevated ................................. D. ostenteldi
28a SA03 and Pol 1.5-3.0 photophore-diameters below LL ........... 29
28b SA03 and Pol in contact with or less than 1 photophorediameter below LL ......................................................... 30
29a Total GR 17-22 ................................................. D. effulgens
29b Total GR 24-27 ....... ............... ....................... ..... D. phillipsi
30b Dn hardly extending higher than dorsal margin of eye;
total GR 17-24; posterodorsal margin of operculum evenly
abruptly rounded (with serrations in adults) and
rear margin sharply concave; inner series of teeth
on lower jaw small and densely packed .............. D. perspicillatus
30b Dn hardly extending higher than level of dorsal margin of eye;
total GR 17-24; posterodorsal margin of operculum evenly
rounded and rear margin slightly concave anteriorly;
inner series of teeth on lower jaw markedly enlarged and
bent forward, widely but more or less regularly spaced ............ 31
31a Total GR 17-18; D 17-19; A 16-18; PLO 1.5-2.0 times
nearer LL than to upper base of P ............................ D. tragi/is
31b Total GR 20-24; D 15-17; A 14-16; PLO midway
between LL and upper base of P orlower ................ D. thiollieri
86: MYCfOPHIDAE (LANTERNFISHES)
86.10 Diaphus aliciae
Fowler, 1934
Diaphus aliciae Fowler, 1934: 295, Fig. 53 (Philippines); Nafpaktitis,
1978: 73*; Hulley, 1984: 68*.
D 13-14; A 12-13; P 10-11; GR (5-6)+(12-14); AO (4-6)+(3-5).
Attains 60 mm. High-oceanic, mesapelagic. In the
Agulhas Current southwards to about 33°S. Indo-Pacific.
86.10 Diaphus aliciae: 1 .5 em SL.
86.11 Diaphus anderseni
Taning, 1932
Diaphus anderseni Taning, 1932: 134, Fig. 6 (20 0 00'S, 174°29'E); Nafpaktitis et al., 1977: 169*; Nafpaktitis, 1978: 83; Hulley, 1981: 117*.
D 12-14; A 11-13; P 10-12; GR (4-6)+(11-15); AO (3- 5)+(4-6).
Attains 32 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; 300 - 560 m
(day); upper 100 m (night). Not yet recorded from our area.
In Atlantic (15°N to Subtropical Convergence, but absent in
Benguela Upwelling Region), near Hawaii, eastern Pacific
(35°N-200S) and South Pacific (200-27°S).
86.11 Diaphus anderseni: 2 em SL holotype (after Nafpaktitis, 1978).
86.12 Diaphus antonbruuni
Nafpaktitis, 1978
Diaphus antonbruuni Nafpaktitis, 1978: 25, Figs. 22-23 (07°56'S,
64°14'E); Kawaguchi & Shimizu, 1978: 108*.
D 14-15; A 15-17; P 11-12; GR (6-7)+(12-15); AO (5-7)+(5-7).
Attains 55 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; upper 500 m
(night). Not yet recorded from our area; Indian Ocean
(western sector: 04° -12°S, 40° -65°E; eastern sector: 17°02'S,
94°50'E).
289
maxilla extends more than diameter of eye past orbit .............. 20
20a Vn very long, extending along most of ventral border
of eye, its dorsal margin with small, round, bud-like
projections ......................................................... D. luetkeni
20b Vn roundish or oval, located on ventral margin of
eye about under centre of pupil, or extending from
this region as a posterior wedge, with no dorsal
bud-like projections ........................................ D. diadematus
21a Ant absent .................................................................... 22
21b Ant present ................................................................... 24
22a Dn larger than nasal rosette, its dorsal margin
extending higher than level of dorsal margin of orbit;
D 17-18 (rarely 16) ................................................ D.lucidus
22b Dn smaller than nasal rosette, its dorsal margin below
dorsal margin of orbit; D 14-15 (rarely 16) ........................... 23
23a Vn barely reaching vertical at front margin of pupil;
supraorbital spine well developed; total GR 17-18
(rarely 19) ..................................................... D. splendidus
23b Vn extending beyond vertical at front margin of
pupil; supraorbital spine absent or weakly
developed; total GR 20-22 (rarely 19) ................ D. antonbruuni
24a Dn smaller than nasal rosette ............................................ 25
24b Dn equal to or larger than nasal rosette ............................... 26
25a PLO nearer upper base of P than LL; SA03 and
Pol 3 photophore-diameters or more below LL .......... D. watasei
25b PLO nearer LL than to upper base of P; SA03 and
Poll photophore-diameter orless below LL ............... D. knappi
26a Head about as long as it is deep .......................... ............... 27
26b Head much longer than it is deep ....................................... 28
27a Vn extending along ventral margin of orbit to
somewhat behind vertical at centre of pupil; PLO
nearer LL than to upper base of P; VLO nearer LL
than to V base; last 2 AOa photophores not
elevated or raised ..................................... D. metopoclampus
27b Vn not extending to front edge of pupil; PLO
midway between LL and upper base of P; VLO
about midway between LL and V base; last 2
AOa photophores elevated ................................. D. ostenteldi
28a SA03 and Pol 1.5-3.0 photophore-diameters below LL ........... 29
28b SA03 and Pol in contact with or less than 1 photophorediameter below LL ......................................................... 30
29a Total GR 17-22 ................................................. D. effulgens
29b Total GR 24-27 ....... ............... ....................... ..... D. phillipsi
30b Dn hardly extending higher than dorsal margin of eye;
total GR 17-24; posterodorsal margin of operculum evenly
abruptly rounded (with serrations in adults) and
rear margin sharply concave; inner series of teeth
on lower jaw small and densely packed .............. D. perspicillatus
30b Dn hardly extending higher than level of dorsal margin of eye;
total GR 17-24; posterodorsal margin of operculum evenly
rounded and rear margin slightly concave anteriorly;
inner series of teeth on lower jaw markedly enlarged and
bent forward, widely but more or less regularly spaced ............ 31
31a Total GR 17-18; D 17-19; A 16-18; PLO 1.5-2.0 times
nearer LL than to upper base of P ............................ D. tragi/is
31b Total GR 20-24; D 15-17; A 14-16; PLO midway
between LL and upper base of P orlower ................ D. thiollieri
86: MYCfOPHIDAE (LANTERNFISHES)
86.10 Diaphus aliciae
Fowler, 1934
Diaphus aliciae Fowler, 1934: 295, Fig. 53 (Philippines); Nafpaktitis,
1978: 73*; Hulley, 1984: 68*.
D 13-14; A 12-13; P 10-11; GR (5-6)+(12-14); AO (4-6)+(3-5).
Attains 60 mm. High-oceanic, mesapelagic. In the
Agulhas Current southwards to about 33°S. Indo-Pacific.
86.10 Diaphus aliciae: 1 .5 em SL.
86.11 Diaphus anderseni
Taning, 1932
Diaphus anderseni Taning, 1932: 134, Fig. 6 (20 0 00'S, 174°29'E); Nafpaktitis et al., 1977: 169*; Nafpaktitis, 1978: 83; Hulley, 1981: 117*.
D 12-14; A 11-13; P 10-12; GR (4-6)+(11-15); AO (3- 5)+(4-6).
Attains 32 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; 300 - 560 m
(day); upper 100 m (night). Not yet recorded from our area.
In Atlantic (15°N to Subtropical Convergence, but absent in
Benguela Upwelling Region), near Hawaii, eastern Pacific
(35°N-200S) and South Pacific (200-27°S).
86.11 Diaphus anderseni: 2 em SL holotype (after Nafpaktitis, 1978).
86.12 Diaphus antonbruuni
Nafpaktitis, 1978
Diaphus antonbruuni Nafpaktitis, 1978: 25, Figs. 22-23 (07°56'S,
64°14'E); Kawaguchi & Shimizu, 1978: 108*.
D 14-15; A 15-17; P 11-12; GR (6-7)+(12-15); AO (5-7)+(5-7).
Attains 55 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; upper 500 m
(night). Not yet recorded from our area; Indian Ocean
(western sector: 04° -12°S, 40° -65°E; eastern sector: 17°02'S,
94°50'E).
289