54: CLUPEIDAE (HERRIN GS, SARDINES, PILCHARDS)
Kelee shad
54.5 Hilsa kelee
(Cuvier, 1829)
Kelee-haring
Clupea kelee Cuvier, 1829: 320 (Vizagapatnam, India). Clupea durbanensis Regan , 1906: 4, PI. 4 (Durban) . Macrura kelee: Smith, SFSA No.
109*. Hi/sa kelee: Whitehead, 1965: 129* ; 1973: 197*; Wongratana, 1981 :
156* ; Whitehead & Wongratana, 1984: Hils 1*.
D iii-iv,13-15; A ii-iv ,15-19 ; P i,12-15; V i,7; LS 39-44; lower GR 75-175
(number increasing with growth); scutes (15-17)+(12-14). Body depth
2.4-3.0 in SL. Distinct median notch in upper jaw. GR on 2nd arch curled
outward.
A black blotch behind gill opening with a series of oval
blotches down flank . Attains 24 cm. Widespread in IndoPacific, reaching south to Durban.
54.5 Hi/sa kelee: 14 em SL.
Genus Nematalosa Regan, 1917
Body deep, somewhat compressed; belly rounded, with
scutes. Mouth small, subterminal; snout slightly projecting.
Nine species, all Indo-Pacific; 1 in our area (based solely on
a single juvenile from Durban).
Gizzard shad
54.6 Nematalosus nasus
(Bloch, 1795)
PLATE 9
Kropharing
Clupea nasus Bloch, 1795: 116, PI. 429 (Malabar). Nematalosa nasus:
Smith, SFSA No. 117* (single Durban juvenile); Nelson & Rothman ,
1973: 161* (same specimen) ; Wongratana , 1981: 179*; Whitehead &
Wongratana, 1984: Nem 1* .
54.6 Nematolosa nasus: 9.5 em SL.
202
D iii-v, 12-14; A ii-iii,19-22; P i,12-16; V i,7; LS 46-49 ; GR very
numerous, the number increasing with growth; belly scutes (17-19)+(1113). Lower jaw flared outward. Hind edge of scales toothed in adults.
Body and head dark bluish dorsally, silvery below; dusky
blotch on shoulder. Attains 22 cm. A single juvenile of6 cm
from Durban Bay; otherwise known from Gulf of Aden and
Oman eastward to India, Malaysia and Hong Kong. More
specimens needed.
Genus Pellona Valenciennes, 1847
Body compressed; belly sharply keeled . Five species ,
western Atlantic and Indo-Pacific; 1 in our area .
Indian pellona
54.7 Pel/ona ditchela
Valenciennes, 1847
Indiese pellona
Pellona ditchela Valenciennes, in Cuv. & Val., 1847: 314 (Vizagapatnam, India); Smith, SFSA No. 116*; Wongratana, 1981: 195*; Whitehead,
1973: 209*; Whitehead & Wongratana, 1984: PeIl1*.
D iii-iv,13-15 ; A iii-iv,31-38; P i,13-17 ; Vi ,6; LS 37-42; lowerGR22-27;
belly scutes (17-20)+(8-9). Body depth 2.6-2.9 in SL.
Back brown, flanks silvery. Attains 16cm. Widespread in
Indo-Pacific, reaching south to Durban.
54.7 Pel/ona ditchela: 13.5 em SL.
Genus Sardinella Valenciennes, 1847
A base well behind D. Eighteen species, mostly IndoPacific but a few Atlantic; 4 in our area, 2 from the west
coast and 2 from the east (but strays of other Indian Ocean
species may occur).
KEY TO SPECIES
1a V 9; body depth 4.0-4.9 in SL; (west coast only) .............. S. au rita
1b V 8 .... .......... .... .. ...... .............. .... .. .... .............. .. ........ .... .. 2
2a Lower GR more than 70; (west coast only) ............. S. maderensis
2b Lower GR 41-68 ; (east coast only) .. .. ........ .. .. ........ .. .............. 3
3a Total scutes 32-34, usually 33 .............. .. .... .. .. ... .. .... .. . S. gibbosa
3b Total scutes 29-33, usually 30-32 ........ .... ... .. .. .. .... ........ S. albella
Kelee shad
54.5 Hilsa kelee
(Cuvier, 1829)
Kelee-haring
Clupea kelee Cuvier, 1829: 320 (Vizagapatnam, India). Clupea durbanensis Regan , 1906: 4, PI. 4 (Durban) . Macrura kelee: Smith, SFSA No.
109*. Hi/sa kelee: Whitehead, 1965: 129* ; 1973: 197*; Wongratana, 1981 :
156* ; Whitehead & Wongratana, 1984: Hils 1*.
D iii-iv,13-15; A ii-iv ,15-19 ; P i,12-15; V i,7; LS 39-44; lower GR 75-175
(number increasing with growth); scutes (15-17)+(12-14). Body depth
2.4-3.0 in SL. Distinct median notch in upper jaw. GR on 2nd arch curled
outward.
A black blotch behind gill opening with a series of oval
blotches down flank . Attains 24 cm. Widespread in IndoPacific, reaching south to Durban.
54.5 Hi/sa kelee: 14 em SL.
Genus Nematalosa Regan, 1917
Body deep, somewhat compressed; belly rounded, with
scutes. Mouth small, subterminal; snout slightly projecting.
Nine species, all Indo-Pacific; 1 in our area (based solely on
a single juvenile from Durban).
Gizzard shad
54.6 Nematalosus nasus
(Bloch, 1795)
PLATE 9
Kropharing
Clupea nasus Bloch, 1795: 116, PI. 429 (Malabar). Nematalosa nasus:
Smith, SFSA No. 117* (single Durban juvenile); Nelson & Rothman ,
1973: 161* (same specimen) ; Wongratana , 1981: 179*; Whitehead &
Wongratana, 1984: Nem 1* .
54.6 Nematolosa nasus: 9.5 em SL.
202
D iii-v, 12-14; A ii-iii,19-22; P i,12-16; V i,7; LS 46-49 ; GR very
numerous, the number increasing with growth; belly scutes (17-19)+(1113). Lower jaw flared outward. Hind edge of scales toothed in adults.
Body and head dark bluish dorsally, silvery below; dusky
blotch on shoulder. Attains 22 cm. A single juvenile of6 cm
from Durban Bay; otherwise known from Gulf of Aden and
Oman eastward to India, Malaysia and Hong Kong. More
specimens needed.
Genus Pellona Valenciennes, 1847
Body compressed; belly sharply keeled . Five species ,
western Atlantic and Indo-Pacific; 1 in our area .
Indian pellona
54.7 Pel/ona ditchela
Valenciennes, 1847
Indiese pellona
Pellona ditchela Valenciennes, in Cuv. & Val., 1847: 314 (Vizagapatnam, India); Smith, SFSA No. 116*; Wongratana, 1981: 195*; Whitehead,
1973: 209*; Whitehead & Wongratana, 1984: PeIl1*.
D iii-iv,13-15 ; A iii-iv,31-38; P i,13-17 ; Vi ,6; LS 37-42; lowerGR22-27;
belly scutes (17-20)+(8-9). Body depth 2.6-2.9 in SL.
Back brown, flanks silvery. Attains 16cm. Widespread in
Indo-Pacific, reaching south to Durban.
54.7 Pel/ona ditchela: 13.5 em SL.
Genus Sardinella Valenciennes, 1847
A base well behind D. Eighteen species, mostly IndoPacific but a few Atlantic; 4 in our area, 2 from the west
coast and 2 from the east (but strays of other Indian Ocean
species may occur).
KEY TO SPECIES
1a V 9; body depth 4.0-4.9 in SL; (west coast only) .............. S. au rita
1b V 8 .... .......... .... .. ...... .............. .... .. .... .............. .. ........ .... .. 2
2a Lower GR more than 70; (west coast only) ............. S. maderensis
2b Lower GR 41-68 ; (east coast only) .. .. ........ .. .. ........ .. .............. 3
3a Total scutes 32-34, usually 33 .............. .. .... .. .. ... .. .... .. . S. gibbosa
3b Total scutes 29-33, usually 30-32 ........ .... ... .. .. .. .... ........ S. albella