XII
Contents
7 Ovaries of Crabs (Crustacea) ..................................................................... 276
8 Dorsal Vessels, Nervous Systems, Pancreases, Gonads,
and Intestines of Limulus (Merostomacea) ............................................. 277
Chapter 23 Prochordata ....................................................................... 279
1 Gonads of Proto chordates (Tunicata) ...................................................... 279
Chapter 24 Echinodermata .................................................................. 281
1 Gonads of Starfish (Asteroidea) ................................................................ 281
Chapter 25 Mollusca ............................................................................. 283
1 Gonads of Slugs (Pulmonata) .................................................................... 283
2 Ovaries of Cuttlefish (Cephalopoda) ....................................................... 284
Chapter 26 Annelida ............................................................................. 287
1 Cephalic and Esophageal Regions of Earthworms (Oligochaeta) ........ 287
2 Integuments of Earthworms (Oligochaeta) ............................................. 288
3 Various Organs of Leeches (Hirudinea) .................................................. 288
4 Parapodia of Nereids (Polychaeta) ........................................................... 289
5 Enigmatic Vesicles and Urns of Sipunculus (Sipunculoidea) ................ 290
Chapter 27 Nematoda .......................................................................... 293
1 Female Reproductive Organs of Root Knot Nematodes
(Tylenchida) ................................................................................................ 293
Chapter 28 Platyhelminthes ................................................................ 295
1 Regeneration Blastema of Fresh-Water Planaria (Turbellaria) ............. 295
2 Scolex of Cyclophyllidean Cestodes (Cestoda) ....................................... 296
Chapter 29 Coelenterata ...................................................................... 299
1 Ectodermal Fragments of Hydra (Hydrozoa) ......................................... 299
2 Stalks of Hydra (Hydrozoa) ....................................................................... 300
3 Gorgonian Tissues of Hydra (Hydrozoa) ................................................. 301
Chapter 30 Porifera .............................................................................. 303
1 Ciliated Layer of Sponge Larva (Demospongia) ..................................... 303
Part 4 Related Techniques
Chapter 31 Cell Cloning ....................................................................... 307
1 Single Cell Cloning ..................................................................................... 307
2 Capillary Method ........................................................................................ 309
3 Oil Overlay Method .................................................................................... 310
4 Fibrin Clot Method ..................................................................................... 311
5 Colony Formation for Substrate-Dependent Cells ................................. 312
6 Colony Formation in Soft Agar ................................................................. 314
7 Dilution Limit Method ............................................................................... 315
8 Feeder Layer Culture .................................................................................. 316
9 Nurse Culture .............................................................................................. 318
Contents
7 Ovaries of Crabs (Crustacea) ..................................................................... 276
8 Dorsal Vessels, Nervous Systems, Pancreases, Gonads,
and Intestines of Limulus (Merostomacea) ............................................. 277
Chapter 23 Prochordata ....................................................................... 279
1 Gonads of Proto chordates (Tunicata) ...................................................... 279
Chapter 24 Echinodermata .................................................................. 281
1 Gonads of Starfish (Asteroidea) ................................................................ 281
Chapter 25 Mollusca ............................................................................. 283
1 Gonads of Slugs (Pulmonata) .................................................................... 283
2 Ovaries of Cuttlefish (Cephalopoda) ....................................................... 284
Chapter 26 Annelida ............................................................................. 287
1 Cephalic and Esophageal Regions of Earthworms (Oligochaeta) ........ 287
2 Integuments of Earthworms (Oligochaeta) ............................................. 288
3 Various Organs of Leeches (Hirudinea) .................................................. 288
4 Parapodia of Nereids (Polychaeta) ........................................................... 289
5 Enigmatic Vesicles and Urns of Sipunculus (Sipunculoidea) ................ 290
Chapter 27 Nematoda .......................................................................... 293
1 Female Reproductive Organs of Root Knot Nematodes
(Tylenchida) ................................................................................................ 293
Chapter 28 Platyhelminthes ................................................................ 295
1 Regeneration Blastema of Fresh-Water Planaria (Turbellaria) ............. 295
2 Scolex of Cyclophyllidean Cestodes (Cestoda) ....................................... 296
Chapter 29 Coelenterata ...................................................................... 299
1 Ectodermal Fragments of Hydra (Hydrozoa) ......................................... 299
2 Stalks of Hydra (Hydrozoa) ....................................................................... 300
3 Gorgonian Tissues of Hydra (Hydrozoa) ................................................. 301
Chapter 30 Porifera .............................................................................. 303
1 Ciliated Layer of Sponge Larva (Demospongia) ..................................... 303
Part 4 Related Techniques
Chapter 31 Cell Cloning ....................................................................... 307
1 Single Cell Cloning ..................................................................................... 307
2 Capillary Method ........................................................................................ 309
3 Oil Overlay Method .................................................................................... 310
4 Fibrin Clot Method ..................................................................................... 311
5 Colony Formation for Substrate-Dependent Cells ................................. 312
6 Colony Formation in Soft Agar ................................................................. 314
7 Dilution Limit Method ............................................................................... 315
8 Feeder Layer Culture .................................................................................. 316
9 Nurse Culture .............................................................................................. 318