106
References
Adiyodi KG, Adiyodi RG (eds) (1983) Reproductive biology of
invertebrates, vol 1, Oogenesis, oviposition, and oosorption. John
Wiley and Sons, Chichester
Adiyodi KG, Adiyodi RG (eds) (1989) Reproductive biology of invertebrates, vol 4, Part A: fertilization, development, and parental care.
IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd, New Delhi/Bombay/Calcutta/Oxford
Adiyodi KG, Adiyodi RG (eds) (1990) Reproductive biology of invertebrates, vol 4, Part B: fertilization, development, and parental care.
IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd, New Delhi/Bombay/Calcutta/Oxford
Allman G (1847) On the larva state in Plumatella . Proc R Ir Acad
3:218–219, 220–222
Allman G (1856) A monograph of the fresh-water Polyzoa, including
all the known species, both British and foreign. Ray Society, London
Atkins D (1955) The cyphonautes larvae of the Plymouth area and the
metamorphosis of Membranipora membranacea (L.). J Mar Biol
Assoc UK 34:441–449
Balsamo M (1992) Hermaphroditism and parthenogenesis in lower
Bilateria: Gnathostomulida and Gastrotricha. In: Dallai R (ed) Sex
origin and evolution. Selected symposia and monographs UZI 6.
Mucchi, Modena, pp 309–327
Banta WC (1967) A new species of Victorella from Southern California
(Bryozoa, Ctenostomata). Proc US Natl Mus 122(3593):1–18
Banta WC (1968) Mimosella cookae , new species (Bryozoa,
Ctenostomata) with a review of the family Mimosellidae. Bull
South Calif Acad Sci 67:245–254
Banta WC (1975) Origin and early evolution of cheilostome Bryozoa.
In: Pouyet S (ed) Bryozoa 1974. Doc Lab Geol Fac Sci Lyon, HS
3(2):565–582
Banta WC, Wass RE (1979) Catenicellid cheilostome Bryozoa. I.
Frontal walls. Aust J Zool 68:1–70
Barrois J (1877) Recherches sur l’embryologie des Bryozoaires. Trav
St Zool Wimereux 1:1–305
Basteri J (1762) Opuscula subseciva. J Bosch, Harlem
Batygina TB, Bragina EA, Ereskovsky AV, Ostrovsky AN (2006)
Viviparity in plants and animals: invertebrates and lower chordates.
St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg [in Russian with
English summary]
Best MA, Thorpe JP (2002) Use of radioactive labelled food to assess the
role of the funicular system in the transport of metabolites in the cheilostome bryozoan Membranipora membranacea (L.). In: Wyse Jackson
PN, Buttler CJ, Spencer Jones M (eds) Bryozoan studies 2001. AA
Balkema Publishers, Lisse/Abingdon/Exton/Tokyo, pp 29–35
Bishop JDD, Pemberton AJ (2006) The third way: spermcast mating in
sessile marine invertebrates. Integr Comp Biol 46:398–406
Bishop JDD, Manríquez PH, Hughes RN (2000) Water-borne sperm
trigger vitellogenic egg growth in two sessile marine invertebrates.
Proc R Soc B 267:1165–1169
Blackburn DG (1992) Convergent evolution of viviparity, matrotrophy,
and specializations for fetal nutrition in reptiles and other vertebrates. Am Zool 32(2):313–321
Blackburn DG (1993) Chorioallantoic placentation in squamate reptiles – structure, function, development and evolution. J Exp Zool
266:414–430
Blackburn DG (1999) Viviparity and oviparity: evolution and reproductive strategies. In: Knobil E, Neill JD (eds) Encyclopedia of
reproduction. Academic Press, New York, pp 994–1003
Blackburn DG (2005a) Amniote perspectives on the evolution of viviparity and placentation. In: Grier H, Uribe MC (eds) Viviparity in
fi shes. New Life Publications, Homestead, pp 319–340
Blackburn DG (2005b) Evolutionary origins of viviparity in fi shes. In:
Grier H, Uribe MC (eds) Viviparity in fi shes. New Life Publications,
Homestead, pp 303–317
Blackburn DG, Evans HE, Vitt LJ (1985) The evolution of fetal
nutritional adaptations. Fortschr Zool 30:437–439
Boardman RS, Cheetham AH, Blake DB, Utgaard J, Karklins OL, Cook
PL, Sandberg PA, Lutaud G, Wood TS (1983) Bryozoa (Part G,
revised). In: Robinson RA (ed) Treatise on invertebrate paleontology, vol 1. Geological Society of America/University of Kansas,
Lawrence/Boulder, pp 1–625
Bonnevie K (1906) Physiologische Polyspermie. Arch Math Naturvid
27(13):275–289
Bonnevie K (1907) Untersuchungen über Keimzellen. II. Physiologische
Polyspermie bei Bryozoen. Jen Z Naturwis 42, NF 35:567–598
Borg F (1926) Studies on recent cyclostomatous Bryozoa. Zool Bidr
Uppsala 10:181–507
Borg F (1947) Zur Kenntnis der Ökologie und des Lebenszyklus von
Electra crustulenta . Zool Bidr Uppsala 25:344–377
Braem F (1890) Untersuchungen über die Bryozoen des süssen Wassers.
Bibl Zoologica 6:1–134
Braem F (1896) Die geschlechtlische Entwicklung von Paludicella
ehrenbergii . Zool Anz 19(493):54–57
Braem F (1897) Die geschlechtlische Entwicklung von Plumatella
fungosa . Zoologica 10:1–96
Braem F (1908) Die geschlechtliche Entwicklung von Fredericella
sultana nebst Beobachtungen über die weitere Lebensgeschichte
der Kolonien. Zoologica 20:1–38
Braem F (1940) Victorella sibogae Harmer. Z Morphol Okol Tiere
36:267–278
Braem F (1951) Über Victorella und einige ihrer nächsten Vermandten,
sowie über die Bryozoenfauna des Rysk bei Greifswald. Zoologica
102(37):1–59
Braiko VB (1967) Biology of reproduction of Membranipora zostericola Nordm. (Bryozoa). Zool Zhurn 46:1119–1121 [in Russian]
Brien P (1953) Etude sur les Phylactolemates. Ann Soc Roy Zool Bel
84:301–440
Brien P (1960) Classe des Bryozoaires. In: Grassé P-P (ed) Traité de
zoologie. Paris, Masson, 5(2):1053–1379
Bullivant JS (1967) Release of sperm by Bryozoa. Ophelia 4:139–142
Byrne M, Cerra A (1996) Evolution of intragonadal development in the
diminutive asterinid sea stars Patiriella vivipara and P . parvivipara
with an overview of development in the Asterinidae. Biol Bull
191:17–26
Cadée GC (2002) Early bryozoan studies in the Netherlands. In: Wyse
Jackson PN, Spencer Jones ME (eds) Annals of bryozoology:
aspects of the history of research on bryozoans. International
Bryozoology Association, Dublin, pp 31–43
Cadman PS, Ryland JS (1996) The characters, reproduction, and
growth of Alcyonidium mytili Dalyell, 1848 (Ctenostomatida). In:
Gordon DP, Smith AM, Grant-Mackie JA (eds) Bryozoans in space
and time. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research,
Wellington, pp 237–242
Calvet L (1900) Contribution à l’histoire naturelle des Bryozoaires
Ectoproctes marins. Trav Inst Zool Univ Montpellier NS 8:1–488
Cancino JM, Hughes RN (1988) The zooidal polymorphism and astogeny of Celleporella hyalina (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). J Zool
215:167–181
Cancino JM, Castañeda B, Orellana C (1991) Reproductive strategies
in bryozoans: experimental test of the effects of conspecifi c neighbours. In: Bigey FP (ed) Bryozoaires actuels et fossiels: Bryozoa
living and fossil. Bull Soc Sci Nat Ouest France, Mem HS 1:81–88
Carter MC, Gordon DP (2007) Substratum and morphometric relationships in the bryozoan genus Odontoporella , with a description of a
new paguridean-symbiont species from New Zealand. Zool Sci
24:47–56
Castric-Fey A (1971) Sur quelques bryozoaires de l’archipel de Glenan
(Sud-Finistère). Vie Millieu 22:69–86
Chimonides PJ, Cook PL (1981) Observations on living colonies of
Selenaria (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata). II. Cah Biol Mar 22(2):207–219
1 Reproductive Patterns of Gymnolaemate Bryozoa: General Overview and Comparative Analysis
References
Adiyodi KG, Adiyodi RG (eds) (1983) Reproductive biology of
invertebrates, vol 1, Oogenesis, oviposition, and oosorption. John
Wiley and Sons, Chichester
Adiyodi KG, Adiyodi RG (eds) (1989) Reproductive biology of invertebrates, vol 4, Part A: fertilization, development, and parental care.
IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd, New Delhi/Bombay/Calcutta/Oxford
Adiyodi KG, Adiyodi RG (eds) (1990) Reproductive biology of invertebrates, vol 4, Part B: fertilization, development, and parental care.
IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd, New Delhi/Bombay/Calcutta/Oxford
Allman G (1847) On the larva state in Plumatella . Proc R Ir Acad
3:218–219, 220–222
Allman G (1856) A monograph of the fresh-water Polyzoa, including
all the known species, both British and foreign. Ray Society, London
Atkins D (1955) The cyphonautes larvae of the Plymouth area and the
metamorphosis of Membranipora membranacea (L.). J Mar Biol
Assoc UK 34:441–449
Balsamo M (1992) Hermaphroditism and parthenogenesis in lower
Bilateria: Gnathostomulida and Gastrotricha. In: Dallai R (ed) Sex
origin and evolution. Selected symposia and monographs UZI 6.
Mucchi, Modena, pp 309–327
Banta WC (1967) A new species of Victorella from Southern California
(Bryozoa, Ctenostomata). Proc US Natl Mus 122(3593):1–18
Banta WC (1968) Mimosella cookae , new species (Bryozoa,
Ctenostomata) with a review of the family Mimosellidae. Bull
South Calif Acad Sci 67:245–254
Banta WC (1975) Origin and early evolution of cheilostome Bryozoa.
In: Pouyet S (ed) Bryozoa 1974. Doc Lab Geol Fac Sci Lyon, HS
3(2):565–582
Banta WC, Wass RE (1979) Catenicellid cheilostome Bryozoa. I.
Frontal walls. Aust J Zool 68:1–70
Barrois J (1877) Recherches sur l’embryologie des Bryozoaires. Trav
St Zool Wimereux 1:1–305
Basteri J (1762) Opuscula subseciva. J Bosch, Harlem
Batygina TB, Bragina EA, Ereskovsky AV, Ostrovsky AN (2006)
Viviparity in plants and animals: invertebrates and lower chordates.
St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg [in Russian with
English summary]
Best MA, Thorpe JP (2002) Use of radioactive labelled food to assess the
role of the funicular system in the transport of metabolites in the cheilostome bryozoan Membranipora membranacea (L.). In: Wyse Jackson
PN, Buttler CJ, Spencer Jones M (eds) Bryozoan studies 2001. AA
Balkema Publishers, Lisse/Abingdon/Exton/Tokyo, pp 29–35
Bishop JDD, Pemberton AJ (2006) The third way: spermcast mating in
sessile marine invertebrates. Integr Comp Biol 46:398–406
Bishop JDD, Manríquez PH, Hughes RN (2000) Water-borne sperm
trigger vitellogenic egg growth in two sessile marine invertebrates.
Proc R Soc B 267:1165–1169
Blackburn DG (1992) Convergent evolution of viviparity, matrotrophy,
and specializations for fetal nutrition in reptiles and other vertebrates. Am Zool 32(2):313–321
Blackburn DG (1993) Chorioallantoic placentation in squamate reptiles – structure, function, development and evolution. J Exp Zool
266:414–430
Blackburn DG (1999) Viviparity and oviparity: evolution and reproductive strategies. In: Knobil E, Neill JD (eds) Encyclopedia of
reproduction. Academic Press, New York, pp 994–1003
Blackburn DG (2005a) Amniote perspectives on the evolution of viviparity and placentation. In: Grier H, Uribe MC (eds) Viviparity in
fi shes. New Life Publications, Homestead, pp 319–340
Blackburn DG (2005b) Evolutionary origins of viviparity in fi shes. In:
Grier H, Uribe MC (eds) Viviparity in fi shes. New Life Publications,
Homestead, pp 303–317
Blackburn DG, Evans HE, Vitt LJ (1985) The evolution of fetal
nutritional adaptations. Fortschr Zool 30:437–439
Boardman RS, Cheetham AH, Blake DB, Utgaard J, Karklins OL, Cook
PL, Sandberg PA, Lutaud G, Wood TS (1983) Bryozoa (Part G,
revised). In: Robinson RA (ed) Treatise on invertebrate paleontology, vol 1. Geological Society of America/University of Kansas,
Lawrence/Boulder, pp 1–625
Bonnevie K (1906) Physiologische Polyspermie. Arch Math Naturvid
27(13):275–289
Bonnevie K (1907) Untersuchungen über Keimzellen. II. Physiologische
Polyspermie bei Bryozoen. Jen Z Naturwis 42, NF 35:567–598
Borg F (1926) Studies on recent cyclostomatous Bryozoa. Zool Bidr
Uppsala 10:181–507
Borg F (1947) Zur Kenntnis der Ökologie und des Lebenszyklus von
Electra crustulenta . Zool Bidr Uppsala 25:344–377
Braem F (1890) Untersuchungen über die Bryozoen des süssen Wassers.
Bibl Zoologica 6:1–134
Braem F (1896) Die geschlechtlische Entwicklung von Paludicella
ehrenbergii . Zool Anz 19(493):54–57
Braem F (1897) Die geschlechtlische Entwicklung von Plumatella
fungosa . Zoologica 10:1–96
Braem F (1908) Die geschlechtliche Entwicklung von Fredericella
sultana nebst Beobachtungen über die weitere Lebensgeschichte
der Kolonien. Zoologica 20:1–38
Braem F (1940) Victorella sibogae Harmer. Z Morphol Okol Tiere
36:267–278
Braem F (1951) Über Victorella und einige ihrer nächsten Vermandten,
sowie über die Bryozoenfauna des Rysk bei Greifswald. Zoologica
102(37):1–59
Braiko VB (1967) Biology of reproduction of Membranipora zostericola Nordm. (Bryozoa). Zool Zhurn 46:1119–1121 [in Russian]
Brien P (1953) Etude sur les Phylactolemates. Ann Soc Roy Zool Bel
84:301–440
Brien P (1960) Classe des Bryozoaires. In: Grassé P-P (ed) Traité de
zoologie. Paris, Masson, 5(2):1053–1379
Bullivant JS (1967) Release of sperm by Bryozoa. Ophelia 4:139–142
Byrne M, Cerra A (1996) Evolution of intragonadal development in the
diminutive asterinid sea stars Patiriella vivipara and P . parvivipara
with an overview of development in the Asterinidae. Biol Bull
191:17–26
Cadée GC (2002) Early bryozoan studies in the Netherlands. In: Wyse
Jackson PN, Spencer Jones ME (eds) Annals of bryozoology:
aspects of the history of research on bryozoans. International
Bryozoology Association, Dublin, pp 31–43
Cadman PS, Ryland JS (1996) The characters, reproduction, and
growth of Alcyonidium mytili Dalyell, 1848 (Ctenostomatida). In:
Gordon DP, Smith AM, Grant-Mackie JA (eds) Bryozoans in space
and time. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research,
Wellington, pp 237–242
Calvet L (1900) Contribution à l’histoire naturelle des Bryozoaires
Ectoproctes marins. Trav Inst Zool Univ Montpellier NS 8:1–488
Cancino JM, Hughes RN (1988) The zooidal polymorphism and astogeny of Celleporella hyalina (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). J Zool
215:167–181
Cancino JM, Castañeda B, Orellana C (1991) Reproductive strategies
in bryozoans: experimental test of the effects of conspecifi c neighbours. In: Bigey FP (ed) Bryozoaires actuels et fossiels: Bryozoa
living and fossil. Bull Soc Sci Nat Ouest France, Mem HS 1:81–88
Carter MC, Gordon DP (2007) Substratum and morphometric relationships in the bryozoan genus Odontoporella , with a description of a
new paguridean-symbiont species from New Zealand. Zool Sci
24:47–56
Castric-Fey A (1971) Sur quelques bryozoaires de l’archipel de Glenan
(Sud-Finistère). Vie Millieu 22:69–86
Chimonides PJ, Cook PL (1981) Observations on living colonies of
Selenaria (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata). II. Cah Biol Mar 22(2):207–219
1 Reproductive Patterns of Gymnolaemate Bryozoa: General Overview and Comparative Analysis