vi
Contents
4
Sexual Reproduction of Seagrasses: Pollination
in the Marine Context
Josef Daniel Ackerman
I.
Introduction
89
II. Defining Seagrasses
90
III. Evolutionary Ecology
90
IV. Morphological Patterns: Reproductive Organs
94
V. Pollen
96
VI. Reproductive Patterns
96
VII. Pollination
98
VIII. Post-Pollination: Pollen Tubes, Embryonic and Seedling Development
102
IX. Evidence for Pollination Success
104
X. Conclusions
105
Acknowledgments
106
References
106
5
Ecology of Seagrass Seeds and Dispersal Strategies
Robert J. Orth, Matthew C. Harwell and Graeme J. Inglis
I. Introduction
111
II. Seeds and Seed Production
III. Seed Banks, Dormancy, and Seed Germination
IV. Seed Dispersal
114
V. Seed Recruitment and Seedling Establishment
122
VI. Seagrass Conservation and Restoration: Utility of Seeds
VII. Conclusions and Emerging Paradigms
126
Acknowledgments
128
References
128
6
N ´
uria Marb `
a, Marianne Holmer, Esperan¸ ca Gacia and Christina Barron
I. Introduction
135
II. Role of Particulates and Dissolved Material
136
III. Mineralization of Organic Matter and Nutrient Cycling
in Seagrass Sediments
145
IV. Summary and Future Work/Outlook
151
Acknowledgments
153
References
153
7
Carbon Flux in Seagrass Ecosystems
159–192
Miguel A. Mateo, Just Cebri ´
an, Kenneth Dunton, and Troy Mutchler
I. Introduction
159
II. Seagrass Production
160
III. The Fate of Seagrass Production
164
IV. Ecosystem Carbon Budgets and Carbon Sinks
179
V. Summary and Future Work
185
Acknowledgments
186
References
186
Seagrass Beds and Coastal Biogeochemistry
89–109
111–133
113
123
112
135–157
´
Contents
4
Sexual Reproduction of Seagrasses: Pollination
in the Marine Context
Josef Daniel Ackerman
I.
Introduction
89
II. Defining Seagrasses
90
III. Evolutionary Ecology
90
IV. Morphological Patterns: Reproductive Organs
94
V. Pollen
96
VI. Reproductive Patterns
96
VII. Pollination
98
VIII. Post-Pollination: Pollen Tubes, Embryonic and Seedling Development
102
IX. Evidence for Pollination Success
104
X. Conclusions
105
Acknowledgments
106
References
106
5
Ecology of Seagrass Seeds and Dispersal Strategies
Robert J. Orth, Matthew C. Harwell and Graeme J. Inglis
I. Introduction
111
II. Seeds and Seed Production
III. Seed Banks, Dormancy, and Seed Germination
IV. Seed Dispersal
114
V. Seed Recruitment and Seedling Establishment
122
VI. Seagrass Conservation and Restoration: Utility of Seeds
VII. Conclusions and Emerging Paradigms
126
Acknowledgments
128
References
128
6
N ´
uria Marb `
a, Marianne Holmer, Esperan¸ ca Gacia and Christina Barron
I. Introduction
135
II. Role of Particulates and Dissolved Material
136
III. Mineralization of Organic Matter and Nutrient Cycling
in Seagrass Sediments
145
IV. Summary and Future Work/Outlook
151
Acknowledgments
153
References
153
7
Carbon Flux in Seagrass Ecosystems
159–192
Miguel A. Mateo, Just Cebri ´
an, Kenneth Dunton, and Troy Mutchler
I. Introduction
159
II. Seagrass Production
160
III. The Fate of Seagrass Production
164
IV. Ecosystem Carbon Budgets and Carbon Sinks
179
V. Summary and Future Work
185
Acknowledgments
186
References
186
Seagrass Beds and Coastal Biogeochemistry
89–109
111–133
113
123
112
135–157
´