460
Michael A. Borowitzka, Paul Lavery, and Mike van Keulen
Orth RJ and Moore DA (1983) Chesapeake Bay: An unprecedented decline in submerged aquatic vegetation. Science 222:
51–53
Ott JA (1980) Growth and production in Posidonia oceanica (L.)
D´ elile. PSZN I: Mar Ecol 1: 47–64
Padilla DK (1985) Structural resistance of algae to herbivores.
A biomechanical approach. Mar Biol 90: 103–109
Padilla DK and BJ Allen (2000) Paradigm lost: Reconsidering
functional form and group hypotheses in marine ecology. J
Exp Mar Biol Ecol 250: 207–221
Patriquin D (1972) Carbonate mud production by epibionts on
Thalassia: An estimate based on leaf growth data. J Sediment
Petrol 42: 687–689
Patriquin D (1973) Estimation of growth rate, production and
age of the marine angiosperm Thalassia testudinum Koenig.
Caribb J Sci 13: 111–123
Peduzzi P (1987) Dietary preferences and carbon absorption by
two grazing gastropods. PSZN I: Mar Ecol 8: 359–370
Pereg LL, Lipkin Y and Sar N (1994) Different niches of
the Halophila stipulacea seagrass bed harbour distinct populations of nitrogen fixing bacteria. Mar Biol 119: 327–
333
Pereg-Gerk L, Sar N and Lipkin Y (2002) In situ nitrogen fixation
associated with seagrasses in the Gulf of Elat (Red Sea). Aquat
Ecol 36: 387–394
Peterson BJ and Heck KL Jr (2001) Positive interactions between suspension-feeding bivalves and seagrass—a facultative mechanism. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 213: 143–155
Phillipart CJM (1995) Effect of periphyton grazing by Hydrobia
ulvae on the growth of Zostera noltii on a tidal flat in a Dutch
Wadden Sea. Mar Biol 122: 431–437
Piazzi L and Cinelli F (2000) Effects of the spread of the introduced Rhodophyceae Antithamnion preissii and Womersleyella setacea on the macroalgal community of Posidonia
oceanica rhizomes in the western Mediterranean Sea. Cryptogam Algol 21: 291–300
Piazzi L, Balata D and Cinelli F (2002) Epiphytic macroalgal
assemblages of Posidonia oceanica rhizomes in the western
Mediterranean. Eur J Phycol 37: 69–76
Pinckney JL and Micheli F (1998) Microalgae on seagrass mimics: Does epiphyte community structure differ from live seagrasses? J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 221: 59–70
Plus M, Chapelle A, M´ enesguen A, Deslous-Paoli JM and Auby
I (2003) Modeling seasonal dynamics of biomasses and nitrogen contents in a seagrass meadow (Zostera noltii Hornem.):
Application to the Thau lagoon (French Mediterranean coast).
Ecol Mod 161: 213–238
Reyes J and Sans´ on M (1997) Temporal distribution and reproductive phenology of the epiphytes on Cymodocea nodosa
leaves in the Canary Islands. Bot Mar 40: 193–201
Reyes J, Sans´ on M and Afonso-Carillo J (1998) Distribution of
the epiphytes along the leaves of Cymodocea nodosa in the
Canary Islands. Bot Mar 41: 543–551
Rindi F, Maltagliati F, RossiF, Acunto S and Cinelli F (1999)
Algal flora associated with a Halophila stipulacea (Forssk˚ al)
Ascherson (Hydrocharitaceae, Helobiae) stand in the western
Medit Oceanol Acta 22: 421–429
Ruiz JM, P´ erez M and Romero J (2001) Effects of fish farm loadings on seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) distribution, growth and
photosynthesis. Mar Pollut Bull 42: 749–760
Saraswati PK (2002) Growth and habitat of some recent milioid foraminifera: Palaecological implications. Curr Sci 82:
81–84
Saunders JE, Attrill MJ, Shaw SM and Rowden AA (2003)
Spatial variability in the epiphytic algal assemblages of
Zostera marina seagrass beds. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 249: 107–
115
Saunders RJ and Connell SD (2001) Interactive effects of shade
and surface orientation on the recruitment of spirorbid polychaetes. Aust Ecol 26: 109–115
Schanz A, Polte P and Asmus H (2002) Cascading effects of hydrodynamics on an epiphyte-grazer system in intertidal seagrass beds of the Wadden Sea. Mar Biol 141: 287–297
Sfriso A and Ghetti PF (1998) Seasonal variations in biomass,
morphometric parameters and production of seagrasses in the
Lagoon of Venice. Aquat Bot 61: 207–223
Sieburth JM and Thomas CD (1973) Fouling on eelgrass (Zostera
marina L.). J Phycol 9: 46–50
Silberstein K, Chiffings AW and McComb AJ (1986) The loss of
seagrass in Cockburn Sound, Western Australia. III. The effect
of epiphytes on productivity of Posidonia australis Hook F.
Aquat Bot 24: 355–371
Steinberg PD, De Nys R and Kjellenberg S (2002) Chemical cues
for surface colonization. J Chem Ecol 28: 1935–1951
Sterrenburg FAS, Erftemeijer PLA and Nienhuis PH (1995) Diatoms as epiphytes on seagrasses in South Sulawesi (Indonesia) comparison with growth on inert substrata. Bot Mar 38:
1–7
Stoodley P, Sauer K, Davies DG and Costerton JW (2002)
Biofilms as complex differentiated communities. Annu Rev
Microbiol 56: 187–209
Thomas FIM, Corneliesen CD and Zande JM (2000) Effects of
water velocity and canopy morphology on ammonium uptake
by seagrass communities. Ecology 81: 2704–2713
Tomasko DA and Lapointe BE (1991) Productivity and biomass
of Thalassia testudinum as related to water column nutrient
availability and epiphyte levels—Field observations and experimental studies. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 75: 9–17
Toyohara T, Akaoka NM and Aioi K (1999) Population dynamics
and reproductive traits of phytal gastropods in seagrass bed in
Otsuchi Bay, north-eastern Japan. PSZNI Mar Ecol 20: 273–
289
Trautman DA and Borowitzka MA (1999) The distribution of
the epiphytic organisms on Posidonia australis and P. sinuosa,
two seagrasses with differing leaf morphology. Mar Ecol Prog
Ser 179: 215–229
Uku J and Bjoerk M (2001) The distribution of epiphytic algae
on three Kenyan seagrass species. South Afr J Bot 67: 475–
482
Valentine JF and Heck KL (1991) The role of sea urchin grazing
in regulating subtropical seagrass meadows—Evidence from
field manipulations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. J Exp Mar
Biol Ecol 154: 215–230
Valentine JF, Heck KL, Busby J Jr and Webb D (1997) Experimental evidence that herbivory increases shoot density
and productivity in a subtropical turtlegrass (Thalassia testudinum) meadow. Oecologia (Berlin) 112: 193–200
Vanderklift MA and Lavery PS (2000) Patchiness in assemblages
of epiphytic macroalgae on Posidonia coriacea at a hierarchy
of spatial scales. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 192: 127–135
Michael A. Borowitzka, Paul Lavery, and Mike van Keulen
Orth RJ and Moore DA (1983) Chesapeake Bay: An unprecedented decline in submerged aquatic vegetation. Science 222:
51–53
Ott JA (1980) Growth and production in Posidonia oceanica (L.)
D´ elile. PSZN I: Mar Ecol 1: 47–64
Padilla DK (1985) Structural resistance of algae to herbivores.
A biomechanical approach. Mar Biol 90: 103–109
Padilla DK and BJ Allen (2000) Paradigm lost: Reconsidering
functional form and group hypotheses in marine ecology. J
Exp Mar Biol Ecol 250: 207–221
Patriquin D (1972) Carbonate mud production by epibionts on
Thalassia: An estimate based on leaf growth data. J Sediment
Petrol 42: 687–689
Patriquin D (1973) Estimation of growth rate, production and
age of the marine angiosperm Thalassia testudinum Koenig.
Caribb J Sci 13: 111–123
Peduzzi P (1987) Dietary preferences and carbon absorption by
two grazing gastropods. PSZN I: Mar Ecol 8: 359–370
Pereg LL, Lipkin Y and Sar N (1994) Different niches of
the Halophila stipulacea seagrass bed harbour distinct populations of nitrogen fixing bacteria. Mar Biol 119: 327–
333
Pereg-Gerk L, Sar N and Lipkin Y (2002) In situ nitrogen fixation
associated with seagrasses in the Gulf of Elat (Red Sea). Aquat
Ecol 36: 387–394
Peterson BJ and Heck KL Jr (2001) Positive interactions between suspension-feeding bivalves and seagrass—a facultative mechanism. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 213: 143–155
Phillipart CJM (1995) Effect of periphyton grazing by Hydrobia
ulvae on the growth of Zostera noltii on a tidal flat in a Dutch
Wadden Sea. Mar Biol 122: 431–437
Piazzi L and Cinelli F (2000) Effects of the spread of the introduced Rhodophyceae Antithamnion preissii and Womersleyella setacea on the macroalgal community of Posidonia
oceanica rhizomes in the western Mediterranean Sea. Cryptogam Algol 21: 291–300
Piazzi L, Balata D and Cinelli F (2002) Epiphytic macroalgal
assemblages of Posidonia oceanica rhizomes in the western
Mediterranean. Eur J Phycol 37: 69–76
Pinckney JL and Micheli F (1998) Microalgae on seagrass mimics: Does epiphyte community structure differ from live seagrasses? J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 221: 59–70
Plus M, Chapelle A, M´ enesguen A, Deslous-Paoli JM and Auby
I (2003) Modeling seasonal dynamics of biomasses and nitrogen contents in a seagrass meadow (Zostera noltii Hornem.):
Application to the Thau lagoon (French Mediterranean coast).
Ecol Mod 161: 213–238
Reyes J and Sans´ on M (1997) Temporal distribution and reproductive phenology of the epiphytes on Cymodocea nodosa
leaves in the Canary Islands. Bot Mar 40: 193–201
Reyes J, Sans´ on M and Afonso-Carillo J (1998) Distribution of
the epiphytes along the leaves of Cymodocea nodosa in the
Canary Islands. Bot Mar 41: 543–551
Rindi F, Maltagliati F, RossiF, Acunto S and Cinelli F (1999)
Algal flora associated with a Halophila stipulacea (Forssk˚ al)
Ascherson (Hydrocharitaceae, Helobiae) stand in the western
Medit Oceanol Acta 22: 421–429
Ruiz JM, P´ erez M and Romero J (2001) Effects of fish farm loadings on seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) distribution, growth and
photosynthesis. Mar Pollut Bull 42: 749–760
Saraswati PK (2002) Growth and habitat of some recent milioid foraminifera: Palaecological implications. Curr Sci 82:
81–84
Saunders JE, Attrill MJ, Shaw SM and Rowden AA (2003)
Spatial variability in the epiphytic algal assemblages of
Zostera marina seagrass beds. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 249: 107–
115
Saunders RJ and Connell SD (2001) Interactive effects of shade
and surface orientation on the recruitment of spirorbid polychaetes. Aust Ecol 26: 109–115
Schanz A, Polte P and Asmus H (2002) Cascading effects of hydrodynamics on an epiphyte-grazer system in intertidal seagrass beds of the Wadden Sea. Mar Biol 141: 287–297
Sfriso A and Ghetti PF (1998) Seasonal variations in biomass,
morphometric parameters and production of seagrasses in the
Lagoon of Venice. Aquat Bot 61: 207–223
Sieburth JM and Thomas CD (1973) Fouling on eelgrass (Zostera
marina L.). J Phycol 9: 46–50
Silberstein K, Chiffings AW and McComb AJ (1986) The loss of
seagrass in Cockburn Sound, Western Australia. III. The effect
of epiphytes on productivity of Posidonia australis Hook F.
Aquat Bot 24: 355–371
Steinberg PD, De Nys R and Kjellenberg S (2002) Chemical cues
for surface colonization. J Chem Ecol 28: 1935–1951
Sterrenburg FAS, Erftemeijer PLA and Nienhuis PH (1995) Diatoms as epiphytes on seagrasses in South Sulawesi (Indonesia) comparison with growth on inert substrata. Bot Mar 38:
1–7
Stoodley P, Sauer K, Davies DG and Costerton JW (2002)
Biofilms as complex differentiated communities. Annu Rev
Microbiol 56: 187–209
Thomas FIM, Corneliesen CD and Zande JM (2000) Effects of
water velocity and canopy morphology on ammonium uptake
by seagrass communities. Ecology 81: 2704–2713
Tomasko DA and Lapointe BE (1991) Productivity and biomass
of Thalassia testudinum as related to water column nutrient
availability and epiphyte levels—Field observations and experimental studies. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 75: 9–17
Toyohara T, Akaoka NM and Aioi K (1999) Population dynamics
and reproductive traits of phytal gastropods in seagrass bed in
Otsuchi Bay, north-eastern Japan. PSZNI Mar Ecol 20: 273–
289
Trautman DA and Borowitzka MA (1999) The distribution of
the epiphytic organisms on Posidonia australis and P. sinuosa,
two seagrasses with differing leaf morphology. Mar Ecol Prog
Ser 179: 215–229
Uku J and Bjoerk M (2001) The distribution of epiphytic algae
on three Kenyan seagrass species. South Afr J Bot 67: 475–
482
Valentine JF and Heck KL (1991) The role of sea urchin grazing
in regulating subtropical seagrass meadows—Evidence from
field manipulations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. J Exp Mar
Biol Ecol 154: 215–230
Valentine JF, Heck KL, Busby J Jr and Webb D (1997) Experimental evidence that herbivory increases shoot density
and productivity in a subtropical turtlegrass (Thalassia testudinum) meadow. Oecologia (Berlin) 112: 193–200
Vanderklift MA and Lavery PS (2000) Patchiness in assemblages
of epiphytic macroalgae on Posidonia coriacea at a hierarchy
of spatial scales. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 192: 127–135