693
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016
B. Austin, D.A. Austin, Bacterial Fish Pathogens,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-32674-0_14
Chapter 14
Control
Abstract Disease control strategies include better husbandry/management practices, consideration of the use of genetically disease resistant fi sh strains when
available, the use of suitable diets/dietary supplements, vaccines, non specifi c
immunostimulants, probiotics, prebiotics, natural plant products, antimicrobial
compounds, water disinfection, and prevention of/restriction in the movement of
infected stock.
Keywords Vaccines • Probiotics • Immunostimulants • Plant products •
Antimicrobial compounds
It is worth remembering the age-old adage that ‘prevention is better than cure’, and
certainly it is possible to devote more attention to preventing the occurrence of disease in fi sh. This is especially true for farmed fi sh, which tend to be at the mercy of
all the extremes which their owners are capable of devising. Principally in the
industrialised nations, farmed fi sh are subjected to questionable water quality and
high stocking regimes. These are among the known prerequisites for the onset of
disease cycles. Yet, owners are among the fi rst to seek help if anything adverse happens to the valuable stock. Fish may be reared under ideal conditions, in which case,
the stock are inevitably in excellent condition without signs of disease. Such sites,
for example located in Venezuela and the former Yugoslavia, are usually supplied
by fast-fl owing, clear river water. Careful feeding regimes are adopted, and the
stocking levels are comparatively low. The latter point would make the enterprise
unacceptable in the more industrialised nations of Western Europe. Therefore, much
attention has been devoted to control measures. These have been categorised in
Table 14.1 . Although most emphasis has been placed on aquaculture, some effort
has gone towards considering disease in wild fi sh stocks.
Wild Fish Stocks
It is questionable what, if anything may be done to control disease in wild fi sh
stocks. Perhaps, the fi rst step should be to determine the precise extent of disease
among wild fi sh populations. Surveys have been carried out with a view to assessing
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016
B. Austin, D.A. Austin, Bacterial Fish Pathogens,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-32674-0_14
Chapter 14
Control
Abstract Disease control strategies include better husbandry/management practices, consideration of the use of genetically disease resistant fi sh strains when
available, the use of suitable diets/dietary supplements, vaccines, non specifi c
immunostimulants, probiotics, prebiotics, natural plant products, antimicrobial
compounds, water disinfection, and prevention of/restriction in the movement of
infected stock.
Keywords Vaccines • Probiotics • Immunostimulants • Plant products •
Antimicrobial compounds
It is worth remembering the age-old adage that ‘prevention is better than cure’, and
certainly it is possible to devote more attention to preventing the occurrence of disease in fi sh. This is especially true for farmed fi sh, which tend to be at the mercy of
all the extremes which their owners are capable of devising. Principally in the
industrialised nations, farmed fi sh are subjected to questionable water quality and
high stocking regimes. These are among the known prerequisites for the onset of
disease cycles. Yet, owners are among the fi rst to seek help if anything adverse happens to the valuable stock. Fish may be reared under ideal conditions, in which case,
the stock are inevitably in excellent condition without signs of disease. Such sites,
for example located in Venezuela and the former Yugoslavia, are usually supplied
by fast-fl owing, clear river water. Careful feeding regimes are adopted, and the
stocking levels are comparatively low. The latter point would make the enterprise
unacceptable in the more industrialised nations of Western Europe. Therefore, much
attention has been devoted to control measures. These have been categorised in
Table 14.1 . Although most emphasis has been placed on aquaculture, some effort
has gone towards considering disease in wild fi sh stocks.
Wild Fish Stocks
It is questionable what, if anything may be done to control disease in wild fi sh
stocks. Perhaps, the fi rst step should be to determine the precise extent of disease
among wild fi sh populations. Surveys have been carried out with a view to assessing