607
Disease Control
Vaccine Development A formalin killed suspension showed promise at controlling mortalities when applied (twice) by i.p. injection (Saeed et al. 1987 ). Thus, two
injections resulted in 40 % less mortality than the unvaccinated controls. Vaccination
by immersion was unsuccessful.
Campylobacteriaceae Representative
Arcobacter cryaerophilus
Characteristics of the Disease
Diseased rainbow trout were recovered from three fi sh farms in Turkey during 1997
and 1998. The reported disease signs included deformation of the upper jaw, darkened or alternatively pale pigment, fi n rot, pale gills, haemorrhaging in the musculature, haemorrhaging and bloody fl uid in the intestine, skin ulcerations, damaged
spleens and swollen kidney (Aydin et al. 2000 , 2002 ).
Isolation
Growth occurred on Campylobacter -selective agar and enriched TSA with incubation at 25 °C for 1–7 days (Aydin et al. 2002 ).
Characteristics of the Pathogen
According to the authors (Aydin et al. 2002 ), the cultures were identifi ed according
to the results in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, and there does appear
to be a close agreement in the characteristics.
Box 11.4: Arcobacter cryaerophilus
The small white colonies comprise aerobic Gram-negative motile rods that
produce catalase and oxidase but not alkaline phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, H 2 S, indole or urease, reduce nitrates to nitrites, do not attack aesculin,
gelatin, starch or Tween 20 or 80, grow at 14–42 °C and in potassium cyanide,
but not in 3 % (w/v) sodium chloride, do not produce acid from adonitol,
arabinose, dulcitol, erythritol, fructose, galactose, glucose, glycogen, inositol,
inulin, lactose, maltose, mannitol, mannose, melibiose, raffi nose, rhamnose,
salicin, sorbitol, sorbose, sucrose, trehalose or xylose, or utilise citrate (Aydin
et al. 2002 ).
Campylobacteriaceae Representative
Disease Control
Vaccine Development A formalin killed suspension showed promise at controlling mortalities when applied (twice) by i.p. injection (Saeed et al. 1987 ). Thus, two
injections resulted in 40 % less mortality than the unvaccinated controls. Vaccination
by immersion was unsuccessful.
Campylobacteriaceae Representative
Arcobacter cryaerophilus
Characteristics of the Disease
Diseased rainbow trout were recovered from three fi sh farms in Turkey during 1997
and 1998. The reported disease signs included deformation of the upper jaw, darkened or alternatively pale pigment, fi n rot, pale gills, haemorrhaging in the musculature, haemorrhaging and bloody fl uid in the intestine, skin ulcerations, damaged
spleens and swollen kidney (Aydin et al. 2000 , 2002 ).
Isolation
Growth occurred on Campylobacter -selective agar and enriched TSA with incubation at 25 °C for 1–7 days (Aydin et al. 2002 ).
Characteristics of the Pathogen
According to the authors (Aydin et al. 2002 ), the cultures were identifi ed according
to the results in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, and there does appear
to be a close agreement in the characteristics.
Box 11.4: Arcobacter cryaerophilus
The small white colonies comprise aerobic Gram-negative motile rods that
produce catalase and oxidase but not alkaline phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, H 2 S, indole or urease, reduce nitrates to nitrites, do not attack aesculin,
gelatin, starch or Tween 20 or 80, grow at 14–42 °C and in potassium cyanide,
but not in 3 % (w/v) sodium chloride, do not produce acid from adonitol,
arabinose, dulcitol, erythritol, fructose, galactose, glucose, glycogen, inositol,
inulin, lactose, maltose, mannitol, mannose, melibiose, raffi nose, rhamnose,
salicin, sorbitol, sorbose, sucrose, trehalose or xylose, or utilise citrate (Aydin
et al. 2002 ).
Campylobacteriaceae Representative