554
parameters were enhanced, and included the numbers of erythrocytes and leucocytes, haematocrit, haemoglobin, albumin, globulin and serum protein, and antiprotease, bacteriocidal, lysozyme, phagocytic and respiratory burst activities.
(Talpur and Ikhwanuddin 2012 ).
Ginger Ginger ( Zingiber offi cinale ) was fed to Asian sea bass ( Lates calcarifer ) at
5 and 10 g of ginger/kg of feed for 15 days leading to improved growth, immunostimulation (increased numbers of erythrocytes and leucocytes, and enhanced antiprotease, bacteriocidal, lysozyme, phagocytic and respiratory burst activities) and
survival after challenge (86.6 %) compared to the control (26.7 %).
Peppermint Peppermint ( Mentha piperita ) was fed at 1–5 g/kg to Asian sea bass
( Lates calarifer ) for 4-weeks leading to improved growth, immunostimulation
(increased erythrocyte and leucocyte counts, and enhanced haematocrit haemoglobin,
serum protein and globulin, and anti-protease, bacteriocidal, lysozyme, phagocytic
activity and respiratory burst, activities) and survival from challenge (Talpur 2014 ).
Inhibitors of Quorum Sensing
V. harveyi produces quorum sensing molecules, which may well be involved with
the regulation of virulence. If these molecules could be blocked using quorum sensing inhibitors, then virulence could be reduced or even annulled. The 28 kDa AiiA
protein of B. thuringiensis disrupted quorum sensing in V. harveyi (Bai et al. 2008 ).
Antimicrobial Compounds
Kraxberger-Beatty et al. ( 1990 ) reported success with Prefuran (Argent) dosed at
0.1 mg/l for an unspecifi ed period. Saeed ( 1995 ) found success with oxytetracycline
as a food additive. Yii et al. ( 1997 ) determined susceptibility to a wide range of
inhibitory compounds, including chloramphenicol, doxycycline, nalidixic acid,
oxolinic acid, oxytetracycline and sulphonamide, but not ampicillin or penicillin G.
Vibrio ichthyoenteri
Characteristics of the Disease
Since, 1971, opaque intestines and intestinal necrosis, i.e. enteritis, accompanied by
high mortalities have been reported in Japanese and Korean hatcheries rearing
Japanese fl ounder (Ishimaru et al. 1996 ; Kim et al. 2004 ) and olive fl ounder (Lee
et al. 2012 ).
10 Vibrios
parameters were enhanced, and included the numbers of erythrocytes and leucocytes, haematocrit, haemoglobin, albumin, globulin and serum protein, and antiprotease, bacteriocidal, lysozyme, phagocytic and respiratory burst activities.
(Talpur and Ikhwanuddin 2012 ).
Ginger Ginger ( Zingiber offi cinale ) was fed to Asian sea bass ( Lates calcarifer ) at
5 and 10 g of ginger/kg of feed for 15 days leading to improved growth, immunostimulation (increased numbers of erythrocytes and leucocytes, and enhanced antiprotease, bacteriocidal, lysozyme, phagocytic and respiratory burst activities) and
survival after challenge (86.6 %) compared to the control (26.7 %).
Peppermint Peppermint ( Mentha piperita ) was fed at 1–5 g/kg to Asian sea bass
( Lates calarifer ) for 4-weeks leading to improved growth, immunostimulation
(increased erythrocyte and leucocyte counts, and enhanced haematocrit haemoglobin,
serum protein and globulin, and anti-protease, bacteriocidal, lysozyme, phagocytic
activity and respiratory burst, activities) and survival from challenge (Talpur 2014 ).
Inhibitors of Quorum Sensing
V. harveyi produces quorum sensing molecules, which may well be involved with
the regulation of virulence. If these molecules could be blocked using quorum sensing inhibitors, then virulence could be reduced or even annulled. The 28 kDa AiiA
protein of B. thuringiensis disrupted quorum sensing in V. harveyi (Bai et al. 2008 ).
Antimicrobial Compounds
Kraxberger-Beatty et al. ( 1990 ) reported success with Prefuran (Argent) dosed at
0.1 mg/l for an unspecifi ed period. Saeed ( 1995 ) found success with oxytetracycline
as a food additive. Yii et al. ( 1997 ) determined susceptibility to a wide range of
inhibitory compounds, including chloramphenicol, doxycycline, nalidixic acid,
oxolinic acid, oxytetracycline and sulphonamide, but not ampicillin or penicillin G.
Vibrio ichthyoenteri
Characteristics of the Disease
Since, 1971, opaque intestines and intestinal necrosis, i.e. enteritis, accompanied by
high mortalities have been reported in Japanese and Korean hatcheries rearing
Japanese fl ounder (Ishimaru et al. 1996 ; Kim et al. 2004 ) and olive fl ounder (Lee
et al. 2012 ).
10 Vibrios