198
Disease Control
Probiotics
Use of Ps. chlororaphis JF3835 in water at 1 × 10
7 CFU/ml for 12 h led to a reduction in mortalities in perch ( Perca fl uvialis ) caused by Aer. sobria (Gobeli et al.
2009 ).
Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria
Characteristics of the Disease
The organism was recovered from epizootic ulcerative syndrome, which is characterized by the presence of large ulcers all over the fi sh leading to death often within
a week (Rahman et al. 2002 ). Aer. veronii biovar sobria was reported in infectious
dropsy in cichlid Oscar ( Astronotus ocellat us) (Sreedharan et al. 2011 ), haemorrhagic septicaemia in gourami ( Trichogaste r sp.) and tail/fi n rot in goldfi sh
( Carassius carassius ) (Sreedharan et al. 2013 ) from India. Here, there was recovery
from the ascites of infected fi sh.
Aer. veronii has been mentioned in terms of immunization and an immune
response in spotted sand bass (Paralabrax maculofasciatus). Infectivity data was
presented but whether or not the organism is correctly identifi ed and, indeed a fi sh
pathogen must await further study (Merino-Contreras et al. 2001 ). Also, Aer. veronii
has been included in a manuscript describing pathogens of Nile tilapia from
Tanzania (Shayo et al. 2012 ).
Isolation
Scrapings from the ulcer were inoculated on to Aeromonas selective medium containing 5 μg/ml of ampicillin with unspecifi ed incubation conditions (Rahman et al.
2002 ).
Characteristics of the Pathogen
The report by Sreedharan et al. ( 2011 ) provided the following description:
4 Aeromonadaceae Representatives (Motile Aeromonads)
Disease Control
Probiotics
Use of Ps. chlororaphis JF3835 in water at 1 × 10
7 CFU/ml for 12 h led to a reduction in mortalities in perch ( Perca fl uvialis ) caused by Aer. sobria (Gobeli et al.
2009 ).
Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria
Characteristics of the Disease
The organism was recovered from epizootic ulcerative syndrome, which is characterized by the presence of large ulcers all over the fi sh leading to death often within
a week (Rahman et al. 2002 ). Aer. veronii biovar sobria was reported in infectious
dropsy in cichlid Oscar ( Astronotus ocellat us) (Sreedharan et al. 2011 ), haemorrhagic septicaemia in gourami ( Trichogaste r sp.) and tail/fi n rot in goldfi sh
( Carassius carassius ) (Sreedharan et al. 2013 ) from India. Here, there was recovery
from the ascites of infected fi sh.
Aer. veronii has been mentioned in terms of immunization and an immune
response in spotted sand bass (Paralabrax maculofasciatus). Infectivity data was
presented but whether or not the organism is correctly identifi ed and, indeed a fi sh
pathogen must await further study (Merino-Contreras et al. 2001 ). Also, Aer. veronii
has been included in a manuscript describing pathogens of Nile tilapia from
Tanzania (Shayo et al. 2012 ).
Isolation
Scrapings from the ulcer were inoculated on to Aeromonas selective medium containing 5 μg/ml of ampicillin with unspecifi ed incubation conditions (Rahman et al.
2002 ).
Characteristics of the Pathogen
The report by Sreedharan et al. ( 2011 ) provided the following description:
4 Aeromonadaceae Representatives (Motile Aeromonads)