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Basil
100–1600 mg/kg of extract of basil ( Ocimum basilicum ) leaves fed to common carp
fi ngerlings for 2-months led to improved growth, immunostimulations and resistance to challenge (Amirkhani and Firouzbakhsh 2015 ).
Andrographolide
Andrographolide, which is a labdane diterpenoid that has been isolated from the
stem and leaves of the Asian herbaceous plant Andrographis paniculata, was added
to diet at concentrations of 0.05–0.8 % and fed to Indian major carp for 42 days
leading to enhanced growth, immunostimulation (enhanced serum lysozyme,
myeloperoxidase, phagocytic and serum antiprotease activities) and protection after
challenge with Aer. hydrophila (RPS = 74.06 %) (Basha et al. 2013 ).
Asthma Plant
The asthma plant, Euphorbia hirta , leaf extract was effective at enhancing immunomodulation (erythrocyte and leucocyte count, lysozyme activity, phagocytic ratio,
and serum antibody and haemoglobin levels) and controlling Aer. hydrophila infection in common carp (Pratheepa and Sukumaran 2014 ).
Rhubarb
Rhubarb contains anthraquinone derivatives including aloe-emodin, chrysophanol,
emodin, physcion and rhein, which have been linked with antibacterial activity
against Aer. hydrophila [MIC = 50–200 μg/ml] (Lu et al. 2011 ). Unfortunately, the
effect on fi sh disease was not determined.
Emodin
30 mg emodin/kg of diet was fed for 4 or 8-weeks to juvenile Wuchang bream
( Megalobrama amblycephala ) leading to weight gain, immunostimulation and protection against experimental challenge (Liu et al. 2014 ; Zhang et al. 2014a , b , c ).
Prickly Chaff
Prickly chaff ( Achyranthes aspera ) seed was effective as a feed supplement at 0.5 %
for 70 days in rohu to protect against challenge (mortality = 15 % compared to 50 %
for the controls) with Aer. hydrophila (Chakrabarti and Srivastave 2012 ).
4 Aeromonadaceae Representatives (Motile Aeromonads)
Basil
100–1600 mg/kg of extract of basil ( Ocimum basilicum ) leaves fed to common carp
fi ngerlings for 2-months led to improved growth, immunostimulations and resistance to challenge (Amirkhani and Firouzbakhsh 2015 ).
Andrographolide
Andrographolide, which is a labdane diterpenoid that has been isolated from the
stem and leaves of the Asian herbaceous plant Andrographis paniculata, was added
to diet at concentrations of 0.05–0.8 % and fed to Indian major carp for 42 days
leading to enhanced growth, immunostimulation (enhanced serum lysozyme,
myeloperoxidase, phagocytic and serum antiprotease activities) and protection after
challenge with Aer. hydrophila (RPS = 74.06 %) (Basha et al. 2013 ).
Asthma Plant
The asthma plant, Euphorbia hirta , leaf extract was effective at enhancing immunomodulation (erythrocyte and leucocyte count, lysozyme activity, phagocytic ratio,
and serum antibody and haemoglobin levels) and controlling Aer. hydrophila infection in common carp (Pratheepa and Sukumaran 2014 ).
Rhubarb
Rhubarb contains anthraquinone derivatives including aloe-emodin, chrysophanol,
emodin, physcion and rhein, which have been linked with antibacterial activity
against Aer. hydrophila [MIC = 50–200 μg/ml] (Lu et al. 2011 ). Unfortunately, the
effect on fi sh disease was not determined.
Emodin
30 mg emodin/kg of diet was fed for 4 or 8-weeks to juvenile Wuchang bream
( Megalobrama amblycephala ) leading to weight gain, immunostimulation and protection against experimental challenge (Liu et al. 2014 ; Zhang et al. 2014a , b , c ).
Prickly Chaff
Prickly chaff ( Achyranthes aspera ) seed was effective as a feed supplement at 0.5 %
for 70 days in rohu to protect against challenge (mortality = 15 % compared to 50 %
for the controls) with Aer. hydrophila (Chakrabarti and Srivastave 2012 ).
4 Aeromonadaceae Representatives (Motile Aeromonads)