Table 3 (continued)
Extraction
techniques
Advantages
Disadvantage
References
Microwave-assisted
extraction (MAE)
Reduce quantity of
solvents used, high
performance and
process faster,
reaction and
extraction can be joint
Increase in energy
consumption, a
further step is needed
to split solid residue
from liquid phase
Michalak and
Chojnacka (2014)
Pressurized liquid
extraction (PLE)
Reduce quantity of
solvents used, faster
than other solvent
extraction, shorter
time of process, an
extended variety of
solvents can be
occupied for PLE,
more compliant for
bioactive molecules
than SFE
Cannot be used for
bioactive compounds
susceptible to
temperature due to
high temperature and
pressure of the
process
Michalak and
Chojnacka (2014)
Enzyme-assisted
extraction (EAE)
Bioproducts easily
freed, eco-friendly,
nontoxic, no increase
in energy
consumption, easy
separation of
molecules, scalable
High cost of enzymes,
enzyme selectivity
which will increase
cost to make an
efficient cocktail,
yield depending on
enzyme selectivity
Michalak and
Chojnacka (2014)
NADESs
Eco-friendly,
biodegradable,
nontoxic, low cost
compared to DESs
Made of primary
metabolites such as
amino acids, organic
acids, sugars, and
choline derivatives
Used for phenols and
flavonoids extraction
Further study of lipids
extraction with theses
solvents needs to be
done
Espino et al. (2016),
Jeevan Kumar et al.
(2017)
SUPRASs
Nanostructured
amphiphile liquids,
solvent improvability
is high, appropriate
for extraction as
existence of various
polarity areas
Efficiency needs to be
demonstrated for
extraction
Ballesteros-Gómez
et al. (2010), Jeevan
Kumar et al. (2017)
(continued)
104
P.-L. Gorry et al.