Bager, M., Sondergaard, M. K., and MacKenzie, B. R., 2007. The
development of fisheries at Bornholm, Denmark (Baltic Sea)
during 1880s–1914. Fisheries Research, 87, 146–154.
Bellwood, D. R., Hughes, T. P., Folke, C., and Nystrom, M., 2004.
Confronting the coral reef crisis. Nature, 429, 827–833.
Blick, J. P., 2007. Pre-Columbian impact on terrestrial, intertidal,
and marine resources, San Salvador, Bahamas (AD 950–1500).
Journal for Nature Conservation, 15, 174–183.
Bolster, W. J., 2006. Opportunities in marine environmental history.
Environmental History, 11, 567–597.
Cheung, W. W. L., and Sadovy, Y., 2004. Retrospective evaluation
of data-limited fisheries: a case from Hong Kong. Reviews in
Fish Biology and Fisheries, 14, 181–206.
Claesson, S., 2008. Mapping historic fishing grounds in the Gulf of
Maine and northwest Atlantic Ocean. In Starkey, D. J., Holm, P.,
and Barnard, M. (eds.), Oceans Past: Management Insights from
the History of Marine Animal Populations.
Daley, B., Griggs, P., and Marsh, H., 2008. Reconstructing reefs:
qualitative research and the environmental history of the Great
Barrier Reef, Australia. Qualitative Research, 8, 584–615.
Dulvy, N. K., and Polunin, N. V. C., 2004. Using informal knowledge to infer human-induced rarity of a conspicuous reef fish.
Animal Conservation, 7, 365–374.
Erlandson, J., and Rick, T. C., 2008. Archaeology, Marine Ecology,
and Human Impacts on Marine Environments. In Rick, T. C., and
Erlandson, J. (eds.), Human impacts on ancient marine ecosystems: a global perspective. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA:
University of California Press, pp. 1–14, 319 p.
Froyd, C. A., and Willis, K. J., 2008. Emerging issues in biodiversity & conservation management: the need for
a palaeoecological perspective. Quaternary Science Reviews,
27, 1723–1732.
Gardner, T. A., Cote, I. M., Gill, J. A., Grant, A., and Watkinson,
A. R., 2003. Long-term region-wide declines in Caribbean
corals. Science, 301, 958–960.
Gaumiga, R., Karlsons, G., Uzars, D., and Ojaveer, H., 2007. Gulf
of Riga (Baltic Sea) fisheries in the late 17th century. Fisheries
Research, 87, 120–125.
Greenstein, B. J., Curran, H. A., and Pandolfi, J. M., 1998. Shifting
ecological baselines and the demise of Acropora cervicornis in
the western North Atlantic and Caribbean Province:
a Pleistocene perspective. Coral Reefs, 17, 249–261.
Herman, L. M., 1979. Humpback whales in Hawaiian waters –
a study in historical ecology. Pacific Science, 33, 1–15.
Holm, P., and Bager, M., 2001. The Danish fisheries, c. 1450–1800:
medieval and early modern sources and their potential for
marine environmental history. In Holm, P. (ed.), The Exploited
Seas: New Directions for Marine Environmental History, pp.
97–122.
Hughes, T. P., Baird, A. H., Bellwood, D. R., Card, M.,
Connolly, S. R., Folke, C., Grosberg, R., Hoegh-Guldberg, O.,
Jackson, J. B. C., Kleypas, J., Lough, J. M., Marshall, P.,
Nystrom, M., Palumbi, S. R., Pandolfi, J. M., Rosen, B., and
Roughgarden, J., 2003. Climate change, human impacts, and
the resilience of coral reefs. Science, 301, 929–933.
Jackson, J. B. C., 1992. Pleistocene perspectives on coral reef community structure. American Zoologist, 32, 719–731.
Jackson, J. B. C., 1997. Reefs since Columbus. Coral Reefs, 16,
S23–S32.
Jackson, J. B. C., 2008. Ecological extinction and evolution in the
brave new ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105, 11458–11465.
Jackson, J. B. C., Kirby, M. X., Berger, W. H., Bjorndal, K. A.,
Botsford, L. W., Bourque, B. J., Bradbury, R. H., Cooke, R.,
Erlandson, J., Estes, J. A., Hughes, T. P., Kidwell, S., Lange,
C. B., Lenihan, H. S., Pandolfi, J. M., Peterson, C. H., Steneck,
R. S., Tegner, M. J., and Warner, R. R., 2001. Historical
overfishing and the recent collapse of coastal ecosystems. Science, 293, 629–638.
Klaer, N., and Polacheck, T., 1997. By-catch of albatrosses and
other seabirds by Japanese longline fishing vessels in the
Australian Fishing Zone from April 1992 to March 1995. Emu,
97, 150–167.
Knowlton, N., and Jackson, J. B. C., 2008. Shifting baselines, local
impacts, and global change on coral reefs. PLoS Biol, 6, e54.
Lajus, J., 2008. Understanding the dynamics of fisheries and fish
populations: historical approaches from the 19th century. In
Starkey, D. J., Holm, P., and Barnard, M. (eds.), Oceans Past:
Management Insights from the History of Marine Animal
Populations. London: Earthscan, pp. 175–187.
Lajus, J., Ojaveer, H., and Tammiksaar, E., 2007. Fisheries at the
Estonian Baltic Sea coast in the first half of the 19th century:
what can be learned from the archives of Karl Ernst Baer? Fisheries Research, 87, 126–136.
Lewis, J. B., 1960. The coral reefs and coral communities of
Barbados, W.I. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 38, 1133–1145
and VII Plates.
Lewis, J. B., 1984. The Acropora inheritance: a reinterpretation of
the development of fringing reefs in Barbados, West Indies.
Coral reefs, 3, 117–122.
Lotze, H. K., 2007. Rise and fall of fishing and marine resource use
in the Wadden Sea, southern North Sea. Fisheries Research, 87,
208–218.
Lotze, H. K., and Worm, B., 2009. Historical baselines for large
marine animals. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 24, 254–262.
MacKenzie, B. R., Bager, M., Ojaveer, H., Awebro, K., Heino, U.,
Holm, P., and Must, A., 2007. Multi-decadal scale variability
in the eastern Baltic cod fishery 1550–1860 – evidence and
causes. Fisheries Research, 87, 106–119.
McClenachan, L., 2008. Social conflict, overfishing and disease in
the Florida sponge fishery, 1849–1939. In Starkey, D. J., Holm,
P., and Barnard, M. (eds.), Oceans Past: Management Insights
from the History of Marine Animal Populations. London:
Earthscan, pp. 25–46.
McClenachan, L., 2009. Documenting loss of large trophy fish from
the Florida Keys with Historical Photographs. Conservation
Biology, 23, 636–643.
McClenachan, L., and Cooper, A. B., 2008. Extinction rate, historical population structure and ecological role of the Caribbean
monk seal. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 275, 1351–1358.
McClenachan, L., Jackson, J. B. C., and Newman, M. J. H., 2006.
Conservation implications of historic sea turtle nesting beach
loss. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 4, 290–296.
Moberg, F., and Folke, C., 1999. Ecological goods and services of
coral reef ecosystems. Ecological Economics, 29, 215–233.
Morgan, P., Aplet, G. H., Haufler, J. B., Humphries, H. C., Moore,
M. M., and Wilson, W. D., 1994. Historical range of variability.
Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 2, 87–111.
Palomares, M. L. D., Heymans, J. J., and Pauly, D., 2007. Historical
ecology of the Raja Ampat Archipelago, Papua Province, Indonesia. History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 29, 33–56.
Pandolfi, J. M., 2001. Numerical and taxonomic scale of analysis in
paleoecological datasets: examples from neo-tropical Pleistocene reef coralcommunities. Journal of Paleontology, 75,
546–563.
Pandolfi, J. M., and Jackson, J. B. C., 2006. Ecological persistence
interrupted in Caribbean coral reefs. Ecology Letters, 9,
818–826.
Pandolfi, J. M., Bradbury, R. H., Sala, E., Hughes, T. P., Bjorndal,
K. A., Cooke, R. G., McArdle, D., McClenachan, L., Newman,
M. J. H., Paredes, G., Warner, R. R., and Jackson, J. B. C.,
2003. Global trajectories of the long-term decline of coral reef
ecosystems. Science, 301, 955–958.
HISTORICAL ECOLOGY OF CORAL REEFS
557
development of fisheries at Bornholm, Denmark (Baltic Sea)
during 1880s–1914. Fisheries Research, 87, 146–154.
Bellwood, D. R., Hughes, T. P., Folke, C., and Nystrom, M., 2004.
Confronting the coral reef crisis. Nature, 429, 827–833.
Blick, J. P., 2007. Pre-Columbian impact on terrestrial, intertidal,
and marine resources, San Salvador, Bahamas (AD 950–1500).
Journal for Nature Conservation, 15, 174–183.
Bolster, W. J., 2006. Opportunities in marine environmental history.
Environmental History, 11, 567–597.
Cheung, W. W. L., and Sadovy, Y., 2004. Retrospective evaluation
of data-limited fisheries: a case from Hong Kong. Reviews in
Fish Biology and Fisheries, 14, 181–206.
Claesson, S., 2008. Mapping historic fishing grounds in the Gulf of
Maine and northwest Atlantic Ocean. In Starkey, D. J., Holm, P.,
and Barnard, M. (eds.), Oceans Past: Management Insights from
the History of Marine Animal Populations.
Daley, B., Griggs, P., and Marsh, H., 2008. Reconstructing reefs:
qualitative research and the environmental history of the Great
Barrier Reef, Australia. Qualitative Research, 8, 584–615.
Dulvy, N. K., and Polunin, N. V. C., 2004. Using informal knowledge to infer human-induced rarity of a conspicuous reef fish.
Animal Conservation, 7, 365–374.
Erlandson, J., and Rick, T. C., 2008. Archaeology, Marine Ecology,
and Human Impacts on Marine Environments. In Rick, T. C., and
Erlandson, J. (eds.), Human impacts on ancient marine ecosystems: a global perspective. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA:
University of California Press, pp. 1–14, 319 p.
Froyd, C. A., and Willis, K. J., 2008. Emerging issues in biodiversity & conservation management: the need for
a palaeoecological perspective. Quaternary Science Reviews,
27, 1723–1732.
Gardner, T. A., Cote, I. M., Gill, J. A., Grant, A., and Watkinson,
A. R., 2003. Long-term region-wide declines in Caribbean
corals. Science, 301, 958–960.
Gaumiga, R., Karlsons, G., Uzars, D., and Ojaveer, H., 2007. Gulf
of Riga (Baltic Sea) fisheries in the late 17th century. Fisheries
Research, 87, 120–125.
Greenstein, B. J., Curran, H. A., and Pandolfi, J. M., 1998. Shifting
ecological baselines and the demise of Acropora cervicornis in
the western North Atlantic and Caribbean Province:
a Pleistocene perspective. Coral Reefs, 17, 249–261.
Herman, L. M., 1979. Humpback whales in Hawaiian waters –
a study in historical ecology. Pacific Science, 33, 1–15.
Holm, P., and Bager, M., 2001. The Danish fisheries, c. 1450–1800:
medieval and early modern sources and their potential for
marine environmental history. In Holm, P. (ed.), The Exploited
Seas: New Directions for Marine Environmental History, pp.
97–122.
Hughes, T. P., Baird, A. H., Bellwood, D. R., Card, M.,
Connolly, S. R., Folke, C., Grosberg, R., Hoegh-Guldberg, O.,
Jackson, J. B. C., Kleypas, J., Lough, J. M., Marshall, P.,
Nystrom, M., Palumbi, S. R., Pandolfi, J. M., Rosen, B., and
Roughgarden, J., 2003. Climate change, human impacts, and
the resilience of coral reefs. Science, 301, 929–933.
Jackson, J. B. C., 1992. Pleistocene perspectives on coral reef community structure. American Zoologist, 32, 719–731.
Jackson, J. B. C., 1997. Reefs since Columbus. Coral Reefs, 16,
S23–S32.
Jackson, J. B. C., 2008. Ecological extinction and evolution in the
brave new ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105, 11458–11465.
Jackson, J. B. C., Kirby, M. X., Berger, W. H., Bjorndal, K. A.,
Botsford, L. W., Bourque, B. J., Bradbury, R. H., Cooke, R.,
Erlandson, J., Estes, J. A., Hughes, T. P., Kidwell, S., Lange,
C. B., Lenihan, H. S., Pandolfi, J. M., Peterson, C. H., Steneck,
R. S., Tegner, M. J., and Warner, R. R., 2001. Historical
overfishing and the recent collapse of coastal ecosystems. Science, 293, 629–638.
Klaer, N., and Polacheck, T., 1997. By-catch of albatrosses and
other seabirds by Japanese longline fishing vessels in the
Australian Fishing Zone from April 1992 to March 1995. Emu,
97, 150–167.
Knowlton, N., and Jackson, J. B. C., 2008. Shifting baselines, local
impacts, and global change on coral reefs. PLoS Biol, 6, e54.
Lajus, J., 2008. Understanding the dynamics of fisheries and fish
populations: historical approaches from the 19th century. In
Starkey, D. J., Holm, P., and Barnard, M. (eds.), Oceans Past:
Management Insights from the History of Marine Animal
Populations. London: Earthscan, pp. 175–187.
Lajus, J., Ojaveer, H., and Tammiksaar, E., 2007. Fisheries at the
Estonian Baltic Sea coast in the first half of the 19th century:
what can be learned from the archives of Karl Ernst Baer? Fisheries Research, 87, 126–136.
Lewis, J. B., 1960. The coral reefs and coral communities of
Barbados, W.I. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 38, 1133–1145
and VII Plates.
Lewis, J. B., 1984. The Acropora inheritance: a reinterpretation of
the development of fringing reefs in Barbados, West Indies.
Coral reefs, 3, 117–122.
Lotze, H. K., 2007. Rise and fall of fishing and marine resource use
in the Wadden Sea, southern North Sea. Fisheries Research, 87,
208–218.
Lotze, H. K., and Worm, B., 2009. Historical baselines for large
marine animals. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 24, 254–262.
MacKenzie, B. R., Bager, M., Ojaveer, H., Awebro, K., Heino, U.,
Holm, P., and Must, A., 2007. Multi-decadal scale variability
in the eastern Baltic cod fishery 1550–1860 – evidence and
causes. Fisheries Research, 87, 106–119.
McClenachan, L., 2008. Social conflict, overfishing and disease in
the Florida sponge fishery, 1849–1939. In Starkey, D. J., Holm,
P., and Barnard, M. (eds.), Oceans Past: Management Insights
from the History of Marine Animal Populations. London:
Earthscan, pp. 25–46.
McClenachan, L., 2009. Documenting loss of large trophy fish from
the Florida Keys with Historical Photographs. Conservation
Biology, 23, 636–643.
McClenachan, L., and Cooper, A. B., 2008. Extinction rate, historical population structure and ecological role of the Caribbean
monk seal. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 275, 1351–1358.
McClenachan, L., Jackson, J. B. C., and Newman, M. J. H., 2006.
Conservation implications of historic sea turtle nesting beach
loss. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 4, 290–296.
Moberg, F., and Folke, C., 1999. Ecological goods and services of
coral reef ecosystems. Ecological Economics, 29, 215–233.
Morgan, P., Aplet, G. H., Haufler, J. B., Humphries, H. C., Moore,
M. M., and Wilson, W. D., 1994. Historical range of variability.
Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 2, 87–111.
Palomares, M. L. D., Heymans, J. J., and Pauly, D., 2007. Historical
ecology of the Raja Ampat Archipelago, Papua Province, Indonesia. History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 29, 33–56.
Pandolfi, J. M., 2001. Numerical and taxonomic scale of analysis in
paleoecological datasets: examples from neo-tropical Pleistocene reef coralcommunities. Journal of Paleontology, 75,
546–563.
Pandolfi, J. M., and Jackson, J. B. C., 2006. Ecological persistence
interrupted in Caribbean coral reefs. Ecology Letters, 9,
818–826.
Pandolfi, J. M., Bradbury, R. H., Sala, E., Hughes, T. P., Bjorndal,
K. A., Cooke, R. G., McArdle, D., McClenachan, L., Newman,
M. J. H., Paredes, G., Warner, R. R., and Jackson, J. B. C.,
2003. Global trajectories of the long-term decline of coral reef
ecosystems. Science, 301, 955–958.
HISTORICAL ECOLOGY OF CORAL REEFS
557