62
Rasmussen A, Arnason U (1999b) Molecular studies suggest that cartilaginous fi shes have a terminal
position in the piscine tree. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:2177–2182
Rasmussen AR, Elmberg J, Gravlund P, Ineich I (2011a) Sea snakes (Serpentes: subfamilies
Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae ) in Vietnam: a comprehensive checklist and an updated
identifi cation key. Zootaxa 2894:1–20
Rasmussen AR, Murphy JC, Ompi M, Gibbons JW, Uetz P (2011b) Marine reptiles. PLoS One
6(11):e27373. Copyright © 2011 Rasmussen et al. CC BY 2.5
Rayfi eld EJ (2007) Finite element analysis and understanding the biomechanics and evolution of
living and fossil organisms. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 35:541–576
Reid REH (1997) Dinosaurian physiology: the case for “intermediate dinosaurs”. In: Farlow JO,
Brett–Surman MK (eds) The complete dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington
Reidenberg JS (2007) Anatomical adaptations of aquatic mammals. Anat Rec 290:507–513.
Copyright © 2007, Wiley-Liss, INC. Reprinted with permission from John Wiley and Sons
Reina RD, Jones TT, Spotila JR (2002) Salt and water regulation by the leatherback sea turtle
Dermochelys coriacea . J Exp Biol 205:1853–1860
Reinhart RH (1953) Diagnosis of the new mammalian order, Desmostylia. J Geol 61:187
Reinhart RH (1982) The extinct mammalian order Desmostylia. Natl Geogr Soc Res Rep 14:549–555
Renaud CB (2011) Lampreys of the world: an annotated and illustrated catalogue of lamprey
species known to date. FAO species catalogue for fi shery purposes no. 5. FAO, Rome
Renaud CB, Economidis PS (2010) Eudontomyzon graecus , a new nonparasitic lamprey from
Greece (Petromyzontiformes: Petromyzontidae). Zootaxa 2477:37–48
Retallack GJ (2011) Woodland hypothesis for Devonian tetrapod evolution. J Geol 119:235–258.
Copyright © 2011, The University of Chicago Press
Rhee H et al (2009) Reprinted from Rhee H, Horstemeyer MF, Hwang Y et al (2009) A study on
the structure and mechanical behavior of the Terrapene carolina carapace: a pathway to design
bio–inspired synthetic composites. Mater Sci Eng C 29:2333–2339. Copyright (2009) with
permission from Elsevier
Rhodin AGJ (1985) Chondro–osseous development and growth of marine turtles. Copeia
1985:752–771
Rice DW (1998) Marine mammals of the world: systematics and distribution. Soc Mar Mamm
Spec Publ 4:213
Richmond ND (1964) The mechanical functions of the testudinate plastron. Am Midl Nat 72:50–56
Rieppel O (1995) The genus Placodus: systematics, morphology, paleobiogeography, and paleobiology. Fieldiana Geol New Ser 31:1–44
Riess J (1986) Locomotion, biophysics of swimming and phylogeny of the ichthyosaurs.
Palaeontogr Abt A 192:93–155
Ritter EK (2002) Analysis of sharksucker, Echeneis naucrates , induced behavior patterns in the
blacktip shark, Carcharchinus limbatus . Environ Biol Fish 65:111–115
Roberts TR (1982) Unculi (horny projections arising from single cells), an adaptive feature of the
epidermis of ostariophysan fi shes. Zool Scr 11:55–76
Robertson GM (1935) The ostracoderm order osteostraci. Science 82:282–283
Robson P, Wright GM, Youson JH et al (2000) The structure and organization of Lamprin genes:
multiple–copy genes with alternative splicing and convergent evolution with insect structural
proteins. Mol Biol Evol 17(11):1739–1752
Romer AS, Parsons TS (1986) The vertebrate body, 6th edn. Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia
Ronald K, Gots BL, Lupson JD et al (1991) An annotated bibliography on seals, sea lions, and
walrus – supplement 2. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Copenhagen
Rosenberger LJ (2001) Pectoral fi n locomotion in batoid fi shes: undulation versus oscillation. J
Exp Biol 204:379–394
Ruben JA (1991) Reptilian physiology and the fl ight capacity of Archaeopteryx. Evolution 45:1–17
Ruben J (1995) The evolution of endothermy in mammals and birds: from physiology to fossils.
Annu Rev Physiol 57:69–95
Ruben JA, Jones TD (2000) Selective factors associated with the origin of fur and feathers. Am
Zool 40(4):585–596. Copyright © 2000, Oxford University Press. Reprinted by permission of
Oxford University Press
1 Introduction
Rasmussen A, Arnason U (1999b) Molecular studies suggest that cartilaginous fi shes have a terminal
position in the piscine tree. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:2177–2182
Rasmussen AR, Elmberg J, Gravlund P, Ineich I (2011a) Sea snakes (Serpentes: subfamilies
Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae ) in Vietnam: a comprehensive checklist and an updated
identifi cation key. Zootaxa 2894:1–20
Rasmussen AR, Murphy JC, Ompi M, Gibbons JW, Uetz P (2011b) Marine reptiles. PLoS One
6(11):e27373. Copyright © 2011 Rasmussen et al. CC BY 2.5
Rayfi eld EJ (2007) Finite element analysis and understanding the biomechanics and evolution of
living and fossil organisms. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 35:541–576
Reid REH (1997) Dinosaurian physiology: the case for “intermediate dinosaurs”. In: Farlow JO,
Brett–Surman MK (eds) The complete dinosaur. Indiana University Press, Bloomington
Reidenberg JS (2007) Anatomical adaptations of aquatic mammals. Anat Rec 290:507–513.
Copyright © 2007, Wiley-Liss, INC. Reprinted with permission from John Wiley and Sons
Reina RD, Jones TT, Spotila JR (2002) Salt and water regulation by the leatherback sea turtle
Dermochelys coriacea . J Exp Biol 205:1853–1860
Reinhart RH (1953) Diagnosis of the new mammalian order, Desmostylia. J Geol 61:187
Reinhart RH (1982) The extinct mammalian order Desmostylia. Natl Geogr Soc Res Rep 14:549–555
Renaud CB (2011) Lampreys of the world: an annotated and illustrated catalogue of lamprey
species known to date. FAO species catalogue for fi shery purposes no. 5. FAO, Rome
Renaud CB, Economidis PS (2010) Eudontomyzon graecus , a new nonparasitic lamprey from
Greece (Petromyzontiformes: Petromyzontidae). Zootaxa 2477:37–48
Retallack GJ (2011) Woodland hypothesis for Devonian tetrapod evolution. J Geol 119:235–258.
Copyright © 2011, The University of Chicago Press
Rhee H et al (2009) Reprinted from Rhee H, Horstemeyer MF, Hwang Y et al (2009) A study on
the structure and mechanical behavior of the Terrapene carolina carapace: a pathway to design
bio–inspired synthetic composites. Mater Sci Eng C 29:2333–2339. Copyright (2009) with
permission from Elsevier
Rhodin AGJ (1985) Chondro–osseous development and growth of marine turtles. Copeia
1985:752–771
Rice DW (1998) Marine mammals of the world: systematics and distribution. Soc Mar Mamm
Spec Publ 4:213
Richmond ND (1964) The mechanical functions of the testudinate plastron. Am Midl Nat 72:50–56
Rieppel O (1995) The genus Placodus: systematics, morphology, paleobiogeography, and paleobiology. Fieldiana Geol New Ser 31:1–44
Riess J (1986) Locomotion, biophysics of swimming and phylogeny of the ichthyosaurs.
Palaeontogr Abt A 192:93–155
Ritter EK (2002) Analysis of sharksucker, Echeneis naucrates , induced behavior patterns in the
blacktip shark, Carcharchinus limbatus . Environ Biol Fish 65:111–115
Roberts TR (1982) Unculi (horny projections arising from single cells), an adaptive feature of the
epidermis of ostariophysan fi shes. Zool Scr 11:55–76
Robertson GM (1935) The ostracoderm order osteostraci. Science 82:282–283
Robson P, Wright GM, Youson JH et al (2000) The structure and organization of Lamprin genes:
multiple–copy genes with alternative splicing and convergent evolution with insect structural
proteins. Mol Biol Evol 17(11):1739–1752
Romer AS, Parsons TS (1986) The vertebrate body, 6th edn. Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia
Ronald K, Gots BL, Lupson JD et al (1991) An annotated bibliography on seals, sea lions, and
walrus – supplement 2. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Copenhagen
Rosenberger LJ (2001) Pectoral fi n locomotion in batoid fi shes: undulation versus oscillation. J
Exp Biol 204:379–394
Ruben JA (1991) Reptilian physiology and the fl ight capacity of Archaeopteryx. Evolution 45:1–17
Ruben J (1995) The evolution of endothermy in mammals and birds: from physiology to fossils.
Annu Rev Physiol 57:69–95
Ruben JA, Jones TD (2000) Selective factors associated with the origin of fur and feathers. Am
Zool 40(4):585–596. Copyright © 2000, Oxford University Press. Reprinted by permission of
Oxford University Press
1 Introduction