Poustka AJ, K€ uhn A, Groth D, Weise V, Yaguchi S, Burke RD, Herwig R, Lehrach H, Panopoulou
G (2007) A global view of gene expression in lithium and zinc treated sea urchin embryos: new
components of gene regulatory networks. Genome Biol 8:R85
Radenac G, Fichet D, Miramand P (2001) Bioaccumulation and toxicity of four dissolved metals
in Paracentrotus lividus sea-urchin embryo. Mar Environ Res 51:151–166
Range R, Lapraz F, Quirin M, Marro S, Besnardeau L, Lepage T (2007) Cis-regulatory analysis of
nodal and maternal control of dorsal–ventral axis formation by Univin, a TGF-b related to Vg1.
Development 134:3649–3664
Raz S, Weiner S, Addadi L (2000) The formation of high magnesium calcite via a transient
amorphous colloid phase. Adv Mater 12:38–42
Raz S, Hamilton P, Wilt F, Weiner S, Addadi L (2003) The transient phase of amorphous calcium
carbonate in sea urchin larval spicules: the involvement of proteins and magnesium ions in its
formation and stabilization. Adv Funct Mater 13:480–486
Roccheri MC, Agnello M, Bonaventura R, Matranga V (2004) Cadmium induces the expression of
specific stress proteins in sea urchin embryos. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 321:80–87
R€ ottinger E, Saudemont A, Duboc V et al (2008) FGF signals guide migration of mesenchymal
cells, control skeletal morphogenesis and regulate gastrulation during sea urchin development.
Development 135:354–365
Russo R, Bonaventura R, Zito F, Schroder HC, Muller I, Muller WEG, Matranga V (2003) Stress
to cadmium monitored by metallothionein gene induction in Paracentrotus lividus embryos.
Cell Stress Chaperones 8:232–241
Russo R, Zito F, Costa C, Bonaventura R, Matranga V (2010) Transcriptional increase and
misexpression of 14-3-3 epsilon in sea urchin embryos exposed to UV-B. Cell Stress
Chaperones 15:993–1001
Saitoh M, Kuroda R, Muranaka Y, Uto N, Murai J, Kuroda H (2010) Asymmetric inhibition of
spicule formation in sea urchin embryos with low concentrations of gadolinium ion. Dev
Growth Differ 52:735–746
Santamaria AB (2008) Manganese exposure, essentiality & toxicity. Indian J Med Res
128:484–500
Satyanarayana YV, Saraf R (2007) Iron and manganese contamination: sources, adverse effects
and control methods. J Environ Sci Eng 49:333–336
Schr€ oder HC, Di Bella G, Janipour N, Bonaventura R, Russo R, M€ uller WE, Matranga V (2005)
DNA damage and developmental defects after exposure to UV and heavy metals in sea urchin
cells and embryos compared to other invertebrates. Prog Mol Subcell Biol 39:111–137
Sheppard-Brennand H, Soars N, Dworjanyn SA, Davis AR, Byrne M (2010) Impact of ocean
warming and ocean acidification on larval development and calcification in the sea urchin
tripneustes gratilla. PLoS One 5:e11372
Simkiss K (1986) The processes of biomineralization in lower plants and animals-an overview. In:
Leadbeater BSC, Riding R (eds) Biomineralization in lower plants and animals, vol 30. Oxford
University Press, New York, pp 19–37
Simkiss K, Wilbur K (1989) Biomineralization. Cell Biology and Mineral Deposition. Academic
Press, Inc., San Diego
Smith LC, Ghosh J, Buckley MK, Clow AL, Dheilly MN, Haug T et al (2010) Echinoderm
immunity. In: Soderhall K (ed) Invertebrate immunology. Landes Bioscience, Inc
Stenzel P, Angerer LM, Smith BJ, Angerer RC, Vale WW (1994) The univin gene encodes a
member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily with restricted expression in the
sea urchin embryo. Dev Biol 166:149–158
Stricker SA (1985) The ultrastructure and formation of the calcareous ossicles in the body wall of
the sea cucumber Leptosynapta clarki (Echinodermata, Holothuroida). Zoomorphology
105:209–222
Tedetti M, Sempe ´re ´ R (2007) Penetration of ultraviolet radiation in the marine environment. A
review Photochem Photobiol 82:389–397
8 Echinoderms as Blueprints for Biocalcification
247
G (2007) A global view of gene expression in lithium and zinc treated sea urchin embryos: new
components of gene regulatory networks. Genome Biol 8:R85
Radenac G, Fichet D, Miramand P (2001) Bioaccumulation and toxicity of four dissolved metals
in Paracentrotus lividus sea-urchin embryo. Mar Environ Res 51:151–166
Range R, Lapraz F, Quirin M, Marro S, Besnardeau L, Lepage T (2007) Cis-regulatory analysis of
nodal and maternal control of dorsal–ventral axis formation by Univin, a TGF-b related to Vg1.
Development 134:3649–3664
Raz S, Weiner S, Addadi L (2000) The formation of high magnesium calcite via a transient
amorphous colloid phase. Adv Mater 12:38–42
Raz S, Hamilton P, Wilt F, Weiner S, Addadi L (2003) The transient phase of amorphous calcium
carbonate in sea urchin larval spicules: the involvement of proteins and magnesium ions in its
formation and stabilization. Adv Funct Mater 13:480–486
Roccheri MC, Agnello M, Bonaventura R, Matranga V (2004) Cadmium induces the expression of
specific stress proteins in sea urchin embryos. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 321:80–87
R€ ottinger E, Saudemont A, Duboc V et al (2008) FGF signals guide migration of mesenchymal
cells, control skeletal morphogenesis and regulate gastrulation during sea urchin development.
Development 135:354–365
Russo R, Bonaventura R, Zito F, Schroder HC, Muller I, Muller WEG, Matranga V (2003) Stress
to cadmium monitored by metallothionein gene induction in Paracentrotus lividus embryos.
Cell Stress Chaperones 8:232–241
Russo R, Zito F, Costa C, Bonaventura R, Matranga V (2010) Transcriptional increase and
misexpression of 14-3-3 epsilon in sea urchin embryos exposed to UV-B. Cell Stress
Chaperones 15:993–1001
Saitoh M, Kuroda R, Muranaka Y, Uto N, Murai J, Kuroda H (2010) Asymmetric inhibition of
spicule formation in sea urchin embryos with low concentrations of gadolinium ion. Dev
Growth Differ 52:735–746
Santamaria AB (2008) Manganese exposure, essentiality & toxicity. Indian J Med Res
128:484–500
Satyanarayana YV, Saraf R (2007) Iron and manganese contamination: sources, adverse effects
and control methods. J Environ Sci Eng 49:333–336
Schr€ oder HC, Di Bella G, Janipour N, Bonaventura R, Russo R, M€ uller WE, Matranga V (2005)
DNA damage and developmental defects after exposure to UV and heavy metals in sea urchin
cells and embryos compared to other invertebrates. Prog Mol Subcell Biol 39:111–137
Sheppard-Brennand H, Soars N, Dworjanyn SA, Davis AR, Byrne M (2010) Impact of ocean
warming and ocean acidification on larval development and calcification in the sea urchin
tripneustes gratilla. PLoS One 5:e11372
Simkiss K (1986) The processes of biomineralization in lower plants and animals-an overview. In:
Leadbeater BSC, Riding R (eds) Biomineralization in lower plants and animals, vol 30. Oxford
University Press, New York, pp 19–37
Simkiss K, Wilbur K (1989) Biomineralization. Cell Biology and Mineral Deposition. Academic
Press, Inc., San Diego
Smith LC, Ghosh J, Buckley MK, Clow AL, Dheilly MN, Haug T et al (2010) Echinoderm
immunity. In: Soderhall K (ed) Invertebrate immunology. Landes Bioscience, Inc
Stenzel P, Angerer LM, Smith BJ, Angerer RC, Vale WW (1994) The univin gene encodes a
member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily with restricted expression in the
sea urchin embryo. Dev Biol 166:149–158
Stricker SA (1985) The ultrastructure and formation of the calcareous ossicles in the body wall of
the sea cucumber Leptosynapta clarki (Echinodermata, Holothuroida). Zoomorphology
105:209–222
Tedetti M, Sempe ´re ´ R (2007) Penetration of ultraviolet radiation in the marine environment. A
review Photochem Photobiol 82:389–397
8 Echinoderms as Blueprints for Biocalcification
247