Contents
1
Introduction
1.1 General .............................
1.2 The Defmition of Pollution ................
4
1.3 Units of Measurement and Seawater Composition .
4
2
Domestic Effluents
2.1 Biodegradable Organic Substances ...........
6
2.2 Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3 Eutrophication ........................ 16
2.4 The Situation in the Baltic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.5 Global Eutrophication? ... " ............. 27
2.6 Sewage Treatment Plants in Coastal Regions? .... 27
2.7 Detergents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.8 Residual Heat ......................... 29
2.9 Gradual Coastal Changes .................. 33
3
Industrial Effluents
3.1 General ............................. 37
3.2 Effluents Containing Mercury .............. 37
3.3 Effluents from Pesticide Plants .............. 47
4
Pollution of the Sea by Ships
4.1 Discharging of Wastes on the High Seas . . . . . . . . 53
4.2 Waste Acids and Ferrous Sulfate of the Titanium
Pigment Industry and the Problem of the Indicator
Communities ......................... 57
4.3 Discharging of Dredge Spoil and Sludge . . . . . . . . 64
4.4 Toxic Substances in Antifouling Paints ........ 68
4.5 Garbage from Ships ..................... 69
5
Oil Pollution
5.1 The Composition of Petroleum ............. 71
5.2 Fate of Oil on the Surface of the Ocean ........ 72
VII