Contents XXVII
45.3 Marine Microalgae....................................................... 1045
45.4 Biosynthesis of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Marine Algae ............... 1048
45.5 Microalgae Fermentation for the Production of PUFAs ............... 1049
45.6 Thraustochytrid Fermentation .......................................... 1051
45.7 Conclusions .............................................................. 1052
References ....................................................................... 1053
46 Selenoneine in Marine Organisms
Michiaki Yamashita, Yumiko Yamashita....................................... 1059
46.1 Biochemistry of Selenium .............................................. 1059
46.2 Selenium and Selenoneine Determination ........................... 1060
46.3 Biochemical Characterization of Selenoneine......................... 1062
46.4 Nutritional and Functional Properties of Dietary
Organic Selenium........................................................ 1063
46.5 MeHg Detoxification..................................................... 1065
46.6 Conclusion ............................................................... 1067
References ....................................................................... 1068
47 Biological Activities of Marine-Derived Oligosaccharides
Tatsuya Oda ...................................................................... 1071
47.1 Overview ................................................................. 1071
47.2 Preparation of Alginate Oligosaccharide Mixture ..................... 1072
47.3 Antioxidant Activities of Alginate Oligosaccharides................... 1073
47.4 Cytokine-Inducing Activities of Alginate Oligosaccharides........... 1076
47.5 Induction of Cytokines in Mice ......................................... 1080
47.6 Growth-Promoting Effect of Alginate Oligosaccharides .............. 1083
References ....................................................................... 1085
48 Vector and Agricultural Pest Control
Venkateswara Rao Janapala ................................................... 1089
48.1 Preamble ................................................................. 1090
48.2 Current Status of Research and Development in the Subject ........ 1090
48.3 Research in India ........................................................ 1092
48.4 Preparation of Crude Extracts........................................... 1094
48.5 Active Extracts of Marine Origin ........................................ 1094
48.6 Pesticidal Properties of Alkyl Xanthates ............................... 1099
48.7 Antifeedant and IGR Activities of Xanthates .......................... 1101
48.8 Conclusions .............................................................. 1108
References ....................................................................... 1108
Part H Bioenergy and Biofuels
49 Nanotechnology – from a Marine Discovery Perspective
Ramachandran S. Santhosh, Visamsetti Amarendra ......................... 1113
49.1 Marine Nanotechnology ................................................ 1113
49.2 The Ocean as Source for Nanomaterials and Nanodevices ........... 1114
49.3 Ocean in Climate Control................................................ 1123
49.4 Detoxification of Nanomaterials ....................................... 1123
45.3 Marine Microalgae....................................................... 1045
45.4 Biosynthesis of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Marine Algae ............... 1048
45.5 Microalgae Fermentation for the Production of PUFAs ............... 1049
45.6 Thraustochytrid Fermentation .......................................... 1051
45.7 Conclusions .............................................................. 1052
References ....................................................................... 1053
46 Selenoneine in Marine Organisms
Michiaki Yamashita, Yumiko Yamashita....................................... 1059
46.1 Biochemistry of Selenium .............................................. 1059
46.2 Selenium and Selenoneine Determination ........................... 1060
46.3 Biochemical Characterization of Selenoneine......................... 1062
46.4 Nutritional and Functional Properties of Dietary
Organic Selenium........................................................ 1063
46.5 MeHg Detoxification..................................................... 1065
46.6 Conclusion ............................................................... 1067
References ....................................................................... 1068
47 Biological Activities of Marine-Derived Oligosaccharides
Tatsuya Oda ...................................................................... 1071
47.1 Overview ................................................................. 1071
47.2 Preparation of Alginate Oligosaccharide Mixture ..................... 1072
47.3 Antioxidant Activities of Alginate Oligosaccharides................... 1073
47.4 Cytokine-Inducing Activities of Alginate Oligosaccharides........... 1076
47.5 Induction of Cytokines in Mice ......................................... 1080
47.6 Growth-Promoting Effect of Alginate Oligosaccharides .............. 1083
References ....................................................................... 1085
48 Vector and Agricultural Pest Control
Venkateswara Rao Janapala ................................................... 1089
48.1 Preamble ................................................................. 1090
48.2 Current Status of Research and Development in the Subject ........ 1090
48.3 Research in India ........................................................ 1092
48.4 Preparation of Crude Extracts........................................... 1094
48.5 Active Extracts of Marine Origin ........................................ 1094
48.6 Pesticidal Properties of Alkyl Xanthates ............................... 1099
48.7 Antifeedant and IGR Activities of Xanthates .......................... 1101
48.8 Conclusions .............................................................. 1108
References ....................................................................... 1108
Part H Bioenergy and Biofuels
49 Nanotechnology – from a Marine Discovery Perspective
Ramachandran S. Santhosh, Visamsetti Amarendra ......................... 1113
49.1 Marine Nanotechnology ................................................ 1113
49.2 The Ocean as Source for Nanomaterials and Nanodevices ........... 1114
49.3 Ocean in Climate Control................................................ 1123
49.4 Detoxification of Nanomaterials ....................................... 1123