Part A | 7.5
198 Part A Marine Flora and Fauna
Table 7.1 Componds with various properties extracted from soft and hard coral species
Compounds
Coral species
Properties
References
Alcyoniidae
Flexibilide and dihydroflexibilide
Sinularia flexibilis
Antibacterial, cytotoxic, cardiac vasorelaxant, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic
[7.17, 37, 39,
41, 43]
Sinulariolide and 11–episinulariolide
S. flexibilis
Cytotoxic, algicide
[7.17, 28, 38]
Sinuflexlin
S. flexibilis
Cytotoxic
[7.11]
2-Phenylethylamides
S. flexibilis
Atrial stimulants
[7.43]
Sinulaflexiolides AK
S. flexibilis
Anticancer
[7.45]
Scabrolides
S. scabra
Cytotoxic
[7.10]
Sinularolides, gibberosins, norhumulene, xeniaphyllane and
gibberoketosterol
S. gibberosa
Cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory
[7.36, 60–62]
ˇ-Caryophyllene terpenes
S. nanolobata
Cytotoxic
[7.55]
Sphingosine derivative, crassarosterol
A and crassarosterosides A–D
S. crassa
Anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic
[7.56, 57]
Querciformolides A–D, granosolides A
and B
S. querciformis, S. granosa
Anti-inflammatory
[7.67]
Gyrosanols A–C
S. gyrosa
Anti-inflammatory and antiviral
[7.68]
24-Methylenecholest-4-ene-3ˇ,6ˇ-diol,
singardin
S. ovispiculata, S. gardineri
Cytotoxic
[7.49, 50]
Microclavatin and capillolide
S. microclavata
Cytotoxic
[7.51]
Sinuleptolide, sinulariol D and
acylspermidines
Sinularia spp.
Anticancer, cytotoxic
[7.46, 53, 54]
Furanoic acid
Sinularia sp.
Bee venom inactivator
[7.48]
Firmacosides A and B
S. firma
Antibacterial
[7.63]
Polyhydroxylated steroids
Sinularia sp.
Anti-inflammatory
[7.64]
Polyoxygenated steroids
and hydroxycembranes
S. facile
Cytotoxic
[7.65, 66]
Methylsarcophytotate and
methylchlorosarcophytoate
S. glaucum
Cytotoxic
[7.75]
Sarcodictyins
S. roseum
Cytotoxic
[7.76]
Sarcophine, sarcophytol A, sarcotriol
and hydroxydeepoxysarcophine
Sarcophyton glaucum
Antitumor, Anticancer, cytotoxic
[7.83, 84, 86,
87]
Sarcoglaucol, methyl tortuoates A and
B, sarcostolides A–G
S. cherbonnieri, S. tortuosum,
S. stolidotum
Cytotoxic
[7.88, 89, 91]
Sarcophine, sarcophytoxide,
sarcocrassolide, crassolide,
13-acetoxysarcocrassolide and crassocolides AM
S. crassocaule
Allelochemicals, cytotoxic
[7.35, 79–81]
7ˇ-Hydroxy-8˛-methoxydeepoxy
sarcophytoxide
S. mililatensis
Antiosteoporosis
[7.90]
Neocembrenes and sartrochine
S. trocheliophorum
Cytotoxic, antibiotic
[7.71, 72]
Denticulatolide
Lobophytum denticulatum
Ichthyotoxic
[7.93]
Amine chlorides
L. strictum
Hypotensive and vasodilator
[7.94, 95]
Cembranolide deterpenes
L. cristagalli
Farnesyl inhibitor
[7.96]
Secosterol and lobohedleolide
Lobophytum spp.
Antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiHIV, cytotoxic
[7.56, 97, 99]
Ceramideas, lobocrassin F, glycolipids,
crassumolides
L. crassum
Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer
[7.100, 101,
103]
198 Part A Marine Flora and Fauna
Table 7.1 Componds with various properties extracted from soft and hard coral species
Compounds
Coral species
Properties
References
Alcyoniidae
Flexibilide and dihydroflexibilide
Sinularia flexibilis
Antibacterial, cytotoxic, cardiac vasorelaxant, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic
[7.17, 37, 39,
41, 43]
Sinulariolide and 11–episinulariolide
S. flexibilis
Cytotoxic, algicide
[7.17, 28, 38]
Sinuflexlin
S. flexibilis
Cytotoxic
[7.11]
2-Phenylethylamides
S. flexibilis
Atrial stimulants
[7.43]
Sinulaflexiolides AK
S. flexibilis
Anticancer
[7.45]
Scabrolides
S. scabra
Cytotoxic
[7.10]
Sinularolides, gibberosins, norhumulene, xeniaphyllane and
gibberoketosterol
S. gibberosa
Cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory
[7.36, 60–62]
ˇ-Caryophyllene terpenes
S. nanolobata
Cytotoxic
[7.55]
Sphingosine derivative, crassarosterol
A and crassarosterosides A–D
S. crassa
Anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic
[7.56, 57]
Querciformolides A–D, granosolides A
and B
S. querciformis, S. granosa
Anti-inflammatory
[7.67]
Gyrosanols A–C
S. gyrosa
Anti-inflammatory and antiviral
[7.68]
24-Methylenecholest-4-ene-3ˇ,6ˇ-diol,
singardin
S. ovispiculata, S. gardineri
Cytotoxic
[7.49, 50]
Microclavatin and capillolide
S. microclavata
Cytotoxic
[7.51]
Sinuleptolide, sinulariol D and
acylspermidines
Sinularia spp.
Anticancer, cytotoxic
[7.46, 53, 54]
Furanoic acid
Sinularia sp.
Bee venom inactivator
[7.48]
Firmacosides A and B
S. firma
Antibacterial
[7.63]
Polyhydroxylated steroids
Sinularia sp.
Anti-inflammatory
[7.64]
Polyoxygenated steroids
and hydroxycembranes
S. facile
Cytotoxic
[7.65, 66]
Methylsarcophytotate and
methylchlorosarcophytoate
S. glaucum
Cytotoxic
[7.75]
Sarcodictyins
S. roseum
Cytotoxic
[7.76]
Sarcophine, sarcophytol A, sarcotriol
and hydroxydeepoxysarcophine
Sarcophyton glaucum
Antitumor, Anticancer, cytotoxic
[7.83, 84, 86,
87]
Sarcoglaucol, methyl tortuoates A and
B, sarcostolides A–G
S. cherbonnieri, S. tortuosum,
S. stolidotum
Cytotoxic
[7.88, 89, 91]
Sarcophine, sarcophytoxide,
sarcocrassolide, crassolide,
13-acetoxysarcocrassolide and crassocolides AM
S. crassocaule
Allelochemicals, cytotoxic
[7.35, 79–81]
7ˇ-Hydroxy-8˛-methoxydeepoxy
sarcophytoxide
S. mililatensis
Antiosteoporosis
[7.90]
Neocembrenes and sartrochine
S. trocheliophorum
Cytotoxic, antibiotic
[7.71, 72]
Denticulatolide
Lobophytum denticulatum
Ichthyotoxic
[7.93]
Amine chlorides
L. strictum
Hypotensive and vasodilator
[7.94, 95]
Cembranolide deterpenes
L. cristagalli
Farnesyl inhibitor
[7.96]
Secosterol and lobohedleolide
Lobophytum spp.
Antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiHIV, cytotoxic
[7.56, 97, 99]
Ceramideas, lobocrassin F, glycolipids,
crassumolides
L. crassum
Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer
[7.100, 101,
103]