677
nous attractor is located at the centre of the net. Fishing then occurs at night for
~12 h (Vieira et al. 1996). The artisanal fishery of the pink shrimp (Fig. 20.9a) is the
most intense activity in the Laguna Estuarine Complex, representing 99% of the
captures of shrimps, always using “aviãozinho” (Sunye et al. 2014). This is a nonselective fishing technique that produces a wide diversity of bycatch, including
fishes in early life stages and swimming crabs (Callinectes sapidus, C. danae, C.
ornatus) (Sunye et al. 2014) (Fig. 20.8d and Table 20.1). In July 2011 the shrimp
production by this method was ~85 tons in Santa Catarina. In July 2012, the production increased to 210 tons. However, the importance of Laguna for pink shrimp
production is not fully understood, because historical data on this fishery resource
are not available. The sole information is that before the creation of a closed period
in 2005, only 55 tons of pink shrimps were harvested between 2004 and 2005, indicating a reduction of 90% in the production (Sunye et al. 2014).
Gill nets are mainly used for finfish captures (Medeiros 2004). Nearly 35 species
are commercially important for the artisanal fishing at Laguna. The main teleost
species caught by the artisanal fishing are lebranche mullet (M. liza) (Fig. 20.7a),
bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) (Fig. 20.15d), and withmouth croaker (M. furnieri)
(Fig. 20.7e). It is possible to observe three important fisheries seasons in the region.
The first season starts in late autumn with a focus on the lebranche mullet; during
the winter, the main fishery resource is the bluefish, and finally during the end of
spring and summer, the catches are focused on the withmouth croaker (Bannwart
2014).
At the sea-lagoon interface, the cooperative fishery between the bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus (known as “boto-da-tainha” in the region) and traditional
fishers for the capture of mullets (Mugil spp.) is a very interesting heritage that lasts
for decades (Daura-Jorge 2011) (Fig. 20.27a). Additionally, local fishers use canoes
and cast nets for the catch of lebranche mullet (Fig. 20.27b, c). The main fishing
activity targeting mullets occurs annually during the autumn reproductive migration
(April to July) taking place along the southeast and south coasts of Brazil (OCEANA
2015). It aims at aggregations, which attracts simultaneous efforts of artisanal
(coastal areas) and industrial fisheries (internal platform) stakeholders (Lemos et al.
2014).
The harvest of mullets in 2015 resulted in a total catch of about 4000 tons.
Artisanal fisheries accounted for 46.6% (~1832 tons), while industrial fisheries produced over 2100 tons of mullet this season (53,4%) (OCEANA 2015). Artisanal
capture is associated to an effort of 12,976,322 fishers per day, through 29 different
fishing methods. Industrial fishing included 49 seine vessels responsible for mullets
landed between June and July 2015 in the State of Santa Catarina (OCEANA 2015)
(Fig. 20.20f). Artisanal fishery produced 3578 tons in the current harvest (2016) of
mullets in the Santa Catarina state, exceeding the 1832 tons produced in 2015. The
State Federation of Fishermen of Santa Catarina acknowledged this as the best harvest in the last 15 years. Only in May 2016, about 40 tons of mullets were captured
on a Saturday morning, at the south region of the Laguna Estuarine Complex alone.
However, data on totals or fine details (biological data as size, weight, maturation
state etc.) of the production are not available for the region.
20 How Can Accurate Landing Stats Help in Designing Better Fisheries…
nous attractor is located at the centre of the net. Fishing then occurs at night for
~12 h (Vieira et al. 1996). The artisanal fishery of the pink shrimp (Fig. 20.9a) is the
most intense activity in the Laguna Estuarine Complex, representing 99% of the
captures of shrimps, always using “aviãozinho” (Sunye et al. 2014). This is a nonselective fishing technique that produces a wide diversity of bycatch, including
fishes in early life stages and swimming crabs (Callinectes sapidus, C. danae, C.
ornatus) (Sunye et al. 2014) (Fig. 20.8d and Table 20.1). In July 2011 the shrimp
production by this method was ~85 tons in Santa Catarina. In July 2012, the production increased to 210 tons. However, the importance of Laguna for pink shrimp
production is not fully understood, because historical data on this fishery resource
are not available. The sole information is that before the creation of a closed period
in 2005, only 55 tons of pink shrimps were harvested between 2004 and 2005, indicating a reduction of 90% in the production (Sunye et al. 2014).
Gill nets are mainly used for finfish captures (Medeiros 2004). Nearly 35 species
are commercially important for the artisanal fishing at Laguna. The main teleost
species caught by the artisanal fishing are lebranche mullet (M. liza) (Fig. 20.7a),
bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) (Fig. 20.15d), and withmouth croaker (M. furnieri)
(Fig. 20.7e). It is possible to observe three important fisheries seasons in the region.
The first season starts in late autumn with a focus on the lebranche mullet; during
the winter, the main fishery resource is the bluefish, and finally during the end of
spring and summer, the catches are focused on the withmouth croaker (Bannwart
2014).
At the sea-lagoon interface, the cooperative fishery between the bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus (known as “boto-da-tainha” in the region) and traditional
fishers for the capture of mullets (Mugil spp.) is a very interesting heritage that lasts
for decades (Daura-Jorge 2011) (Fig. 20.27a). Additionally, local fishers use canoes
and cast nets for the catch of lebranche mullet (Fig. 20.27b, c). The main fishing
activity targeting mullets occurs annually during the autumn reproductive migration
(April to July) taking place along the southeast and south coasts of Brazil (OCEANA
2015). It aims at aggregations, which attracts simultaneous efforts of artisanal
(coastal areas) and industrial fisheries (internal platform) stakeholders (Lemos et al.
2014).
The harvest of mullets in 2015 resulted in a total catch of about 4000 tons.
Artisanal fisheries accounted for 46.6% (~1832 tons), while industrial fisheries produced over 2100 tons of mullet this season (53,4%) (OCEANA 2015). Artisanal
capture is associated to an effort of 12,976,322 fishers per day, through 29 different
fishing methods. Industrial fishing included 49 seine vessels responsible for mullets
landed between June and July 2015 in the State of Santa Catarina (OCEANA 2015)
(Fig. 20.20f). Artisanal fishery produced 3578 tons in the current harvest (2016) of
mullets in the Santa Catarina state, exceeding the 1832 tons produced in 2015. The
State Federation of Fishermen of Santa Catarina acknowledged this as the best harvest in the last 15 years. Only in May 2016, about 40 tons of mullets were captured
on a Saturday morning, at the south region of the Laguna Estuarine Complex alone.
However, data on totals or fine details (biological data as size, weight, maturation
state etc.) of the production are not available for the region.
20 How Can Accurate Landing Stats Help in Designing Better Fisheries…