Contents
Part A: Molecular and Physiological Control and Limitations
Dynamics in Photosystem II Structure and Function
3
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.4.4
2.5
A. Trebst
Introduction .................................... .
Function of Photosystem II ...................... .
Structure of Photosystem II ...................... .
Dynamics in the D 1 Protein in Rapid Turnover
and Stress-Enhanced Photoinhibition .............. .
Photoinhibition and Environmental Stress .......... .
Regulation of Photosystem II by Phosphorylation ... .
Conclusions .................................... .
References ..................................... .
Regulation of Photosynthetic Light Energy Capture,
Conversion, and Dissipation in Leaves
of Higher Plants ................................ .
O. Bjorkman and B. Demmig-Adams
Introduction .................................... .
The Concept of Excess Photon Flux Density ....... .
Regulation of Light Interception .................. .
Changes in Leaf Orientation ..................... .
Changes in Leaf Reflectance ...................... .
Chloroplast Movements .......................... .
Changes in Chlorophyll Content
and Photosynthetic Capacity ..................... .
Regulation of Energy Dissipation ................. .
Dissipation in Metabolic Processes ................ .
Efficiency of Photochemical Energy Conversion
and Extent of Nonradiative Energy Dissipation ..... .
Nonradiative Energy Dissipation
and the Xanthophyll Cycle ....................... .
Mechanism of Nonradiative Dissipation ............ .
Conclusions .................................... .
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3
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15
17
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23
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26
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34
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44
References ......................................
44