536
Transactions table, 250--251
Transect data, 96
Transition matrix models, 257-259
Transportation systems, impact on environment,
405-406
Travel cost models, 238
Tree-ring analysis, 274
Tree size class, derived from remote sensing, 141
Trend surface analysis, in spatial statistics, 193
Typification. See Agglomeration
U.N. International Conferences on Population and
Development, 424-425
Uncertainty, 212-213
United States Geological Survey (USGS)
EDC,139
maps, 152
National Water Quality Assessment Program, 139
transportation networks, 405
Universal soil loss equation (USLE), 412
Unsupervised learning, 216
Upper Mississippi River Adaptive Environmental
Assessment, 460-471
Urbanization, 421
U.S. Clean Water Act, 393
U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), 406
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 358, 394
USDA Forest Service
Forest Health Monitoring System, 73
Forest Inventory and Analysis (PIA), 492
Forest Response Program, 73
and the Great Lakes Assessment, 449
and Landsat imagery, 139
USDI Fish and Wildlife Service, 360
Use value, 234
Utah Gap Analysis, 141
Utilities, and human impact on environment, 406
UVIEW,176
Validation
monitoring, 4
tests, 266-267
Valuation
categories of values, 233-235
concept of economic value, 226-228
concept of marginal value, 228-231
of ecosystem values, 221-223
errors in, 188
examples of nonmarket valuation of ecosystem
values, 240--243
and nonmarket valuation of ecosystem values,
231-233, 235-240
pitfalls of nonmarket valuation, 242-243
reasons to measure ecosystem values, 223-225
of total ecosystem values, 225-266
Variance, 82
Variance-to-mean test, 193
Vegetation characteristics, 140--141,468-469
VEMAP,47
Victor model, 252
Videoconferencing, 127
Viewshed analysis, 408
Index
Von Thunen's model, of agricultural land use, 423
Warrant maps, 282
Waste disposal, effect on ecosystem, 409
Weeks Act, 481
Wetland classification, 360
Willingness to pay (WTP), 236-237
Windshield survey, 413
World Wide Web (WWW), 108, 111-117, 126, 127,
153
World Wildlife Fund, 294
Zadeh, Lotfi, 211
ZELIG, 260, 266
Zoning, 426
Transactions table, 250--251
Transect data, 96
Transition matrix models, 257-259
Transportation systems, impact on environment,
405-406
Travel cost models, 238
Tree-ring analysis, 274
Tree size class, derived from remote sensing, 141
Trend surface analysis, in spatial statistics, 193
Typification. See Agglomeration
U.N. International Conferences on Population and
Development, 424-425
Uncertainty, 212-213
United States Geological Survey (USGS)
EDC,139
maps, 152
National Water Quality Assessment Program, 139
transportation networks, 405
Universal soil loss equation (USLE), 412
Unsupervised learning, 216
Upper Mississippi River Adaptive Environmental
Assessment, 460-471
Urbanization, 421
U.S. Clean Water Act, 393
U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), 406
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 358, 394
USDA Forest Service
Forest Health Monitoring System, 73
Forest Inventory and Analysis (PIA), 492
Forest Response Program, 73
and the Great Lakes Assessment, 449
and Landsat imagery, 139
USDI Fish and Wildlife Service, 360
Use value, 234
Utah Gap Analysis, 141
Utilities, and human impact on environment, 406
UVIEW,176
Validation
monitoring, 4
tests, 266-267
Valuation
categories of values, 233-235
concept of economic value, 226-228
concept of marginal value, 228-231
of ecosystem values, 221-223
errors in, 188
examples of nonmarket valuation of ecosystem
values, 240--243
and nonmarket valuation of ecosystem values,
231-233, 235-240
pitfalls of nonmarket valuation, 242-243
reasons to measure ecosystem values, 223-225
of total ecosystem values, 225-266
Variance, 82
Variance-to-mean test, 193
Vegetation characteristics, 140--141,468-469
VEMAP,47
Victor model, 252
Videoconferencing, 127
Viewshed analysis, 408
Index
Von Thunen's model, of agricultural land use, 423
Warrant maps, 282
Waste disposal, effect on ecosystem, 409
Weeks Act, 481
Wetland classification, 360
Willingness to pay (WTP), 236-237
Windshield survey, 413
World Wide Web (WWW), 108, 111-117, 126, 127,
153
World Wildlife Fund, 294
Zadeh, Lotfi, 211
ZELIG, 260, 266
Zoning, 426
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