quantitative, 274–275
statistical, 147–148
sensitivities and uncertainties of,
265–269
spatial optimization, 146–147
strategic view of role of, in
environmental security, 301–
307
Structures of, 150–154
Monte Carlo simulation, 152
Multihierarchical models, linked, for
decision support, 157–158
Multiple criteria, 319
Multiregional models, 254
Multiscale analysis, 145
Multiuser interactions, tools for,
235
Multivariate adaptive-regression
splines (MARS), 147–148
N
NetWeaver, 136
Network access, 202
Network theory, 125–133
Nonsampling errors, 195
Not in my back yard (NIMBY)
attitude, 112
O
Occupancy approaches, 126
Outliers, 196
P
Parallelization methods, 149–150
Percolation theory, 126, 127, 129
Physical models, 7
Population growth, 9–10, 291–292
water scarcity and, 305
Population model, wolf, 27–31
Population trends, 291
Population viability analysis (PVA), 23,
125
Pragmatic modeling to support
management planning, heuristics
of, 40
Precision, 97
Predictions, 176, 177
projections versus, 13
Predictive methods, 58–59
326
Index
Predictive models, success criteria for,
104
Private property, 5
Problem definition, 316
Problem formulation stage, 91
Problem solving, creative, synthesis
and, 273–274
Projections, 186
predictions versus, 13
using, from ecological modeling for
resource management, 12–14
Protection, mitigation, and
enhancement (PM&E)
measures, 50
Public land management, 71–72
Q
Quantitative modeling, 274–275
R
RAMAS GIS, 255
RAMAS Red List, 269
propagating uncertainty with,
266–268
Recreational resources, 3
Reference conditions, 92–93
Regional assessments, large-scale,
70–84
Regional impacts of enhanced
greenhouse effects on climate,
294–295
Regression tree analysis, 147
Results, absolute versus relative,
101–102
Religious values, 4
Remotely sensed data, 190–191
Representation approaches, 126
Resolution, 185
Resource concerns, 113–114
ecological modeling for, see
Ecological modeling for
resource management
Resource management decisions, 52
Resource management needs, 312–314
Resources, available, 55
Retrospective methods, 58–59
Risk assessments, ecological,
framework for, 89–94
Risk aversion, 112–113
statistical, 147–148
sensitivities and uncertainties of,
265–269
spatial optimization, 146–147
strategic view of role of, in
environmental security, 301–
307
Structures of, 150–154
Monte Carlo simulation, 152
Multihierarchical models, linked, for
decision support, 157–158
Multiple criteria, 319
Multiregional models, 254
Multiscale analysis, 145
Multiuser interactions, tools for,
235
Multivariate adaptive-regression
splines (MARS), 147–148
N
NetWeaver, 136
Network access, 202
Network theory, 125–133
Nonsampling errors, 195
Not in my back yard (NIMBY)
attitude, 112
O
Occupancy approaches, 126
Outliers, 196
P
Parallelization methods, 149–150
Percolation theory, 126, 127, 129
Physical models, 7
Population growth, 9–10, 291–292
water scarcity and, 305
Population model, wolf, 27–31
Population trends, 291
Population viability analysis (PVA), 23,
125
Pragmatic modeling to support
management planning, heuristics
of, 40
Precision, 97
Predictions, 176, 177
projections versus, 13
Predictive methods, 58–59
326
Index
Predictive models, success criteria for,
104
Private property, 5
Problem definition, 316
Problem formulation stage, 91
Problem solving, creative, synthesis
and, 273–274
Projections, 186
predictions versus, 13
using, from ecological modeling for
resource management, 12–14
Protection, mitigation, and
enhancement (PM&E)
measures, 50
Public land management, 71–72
Q
Quantitative modeling, 274–275
R
RAMAS GIS, 255
RAMAS Red List, 269
propagating uncertainty with,
266–268
Recreational resources, 3
Reference conditions, 92–93
Regional assessments, large-scale,
70–84
Regional impacts of enhanced
greenhouse effects on climate,
294–295
Regression tree analysis, 147
Results, absolute versus relative,
101–102
Religious values, 4
Remotely sensed data, 190–191
Representation approaches, 126
Resolution, 185
Resource concerns, 113–114
ecological modeling for, see
Ecological modeling for
resource management
Resource management decisions, 52
Resource management needs, 312–314
Resources, available, 55
Retrospective methods, 58–59
Risk assessments, ecological,
framework for, 89–94
Risk aversion, 112–113