300
P.W. Glynn
Table 19.1. Existing (E) and proposed (P) marine protected areas with coral communities and/or coral reefs in the tropical eastern Pacific region
Country
Marine-protected area•
Coral typeb
Anthropogenic threats<
Mexicod
Gulf of California Islands, Coral communities Harvesting of corals;
Biosphere Reserve (E)
anchor damage;
diving
Cabo Pulmo,
Not true structural Harvesting of black
Biosphere Reserve (E)
reef
corals, mollusks and
fishes; anchor
damage; diving
Los Cabos region (23°N), Coral communities Diving; sewage
Parque Marina (E)
pollution
Los Arcos (20°N), Jalisco,
Coral communities Harvesting of corals;
Parque Marina (E)
diving
Revillagigedo Archipelago, Coral reefs, coral
Siltation caused by
Biosphere Reserve (E)
communities
feral sheep
Bahias de Huatulco,
Coral reefs, coral
Anchor damage;
Oaxaca, Parque Nacional communities
diving
Maritima Terrestre (E)•
Colola-Maruata,
Sparse coral
Overexploitation of
Michoacan (P)
communities on
marine invertebrates;
rocky coast
anchor damage
Morro Ayutla-Chacagua,
Sparse coral
Incidental damage
Oaxaca (P)
communities on
by fishers
rocky coast
Guatemala None
Minimal coral
Unknown
presence,
unsuitable habitat
El Salvador Los C6banos (P)
Structural (?) coral Unknown
reefs, coral
communities
Honduras None
Minimal coral
Unknown
presence,
unsuitable habitat
Nicaragua None
Unknown
Unknown
Costa Rica Area de Conservaci6n
Coral reefs, coral
Over fishing
Guanacaste (E)
communities
Parque Nacional
Coral communities Pollution;
Manuel Antonio (E)
over fishing
Parque Nacional Isla
Coral communities, None
del Cafio (E)
coral reefs
Parque Nacional
Coral communities, None
Corcovado (E)
coral reefs
Isla del Coco, World
Bioeroded and
Feral pigs causing
Heritage Biosphere,
recovering coral erosion
UNESCO (E)
reefs, coral
communities