References
99
lation level, which is typically a very difficult parameter to determine
for contaminants in a field setting. Fourth, it is a technique that goes
hand-in-hand with the Protocol (see Chapter 4) to provide a comprehensive approach for investigating selenium contamination issues. The
Protocol is a predictive tool that determines the degree of hazard present,
and the TDI provides site-specific verification of selenium poisoning
and assesses the magnitude of toxic impacts to current and future generations of fish. Fifth, the TDI can be used to evaluate and predict
impacts to fish populations without the expenditure of large amounts
of time and money on contaminant monitoring that, in itself, leaves
important questions unanswered. Application of this technique will
facilitate efficient use of personnel and funds early in the assessment
process and allow for rapid transition to the next phase (ie, developing
site-specific water quality criteria [see Chapter 7]) in resolving selenium issues.
References
Bryson, W. T., W. R. Garrett, M. A. Mallin, K. A. MacPherson, W. E. Partin, and S.
E. Woock. 1984. Roxboro Steam Electric Plant 1982 environmental monitoring
studies. Vol. 2. Hyco Reservoir bioassay studies. New Hill, NC. Carolina Power
and Light Company. Technical Report.
Bryson, W. T., W. R. Garrett, M. A. Mallin, K. A. MacPherson, W. E. Partin, and S.
E. Woack. 1985a. Roxboro Steam Electric Plant-Hyco Reservoir 1983 bioassay
report. New Hill, NC. Carolina Power and Light Company. Technical Report.
Bryson, W. T., M. A. Mallin, K. A. MacPherson, W. E. Partin, and S. E. Woock.
1985b. Roxboro Steam Electric Plant-Hyco Reservoir 1984 bioassay report.
New HilL NC. Carolina Power and Light Company. Technical Report.
Cleveland, L., E. E. Little, D. R. Buckler, and R. H. Wiedmeyer. 1993. Toxicity and
bioaccumulation of waterborne and dietary selenium in juvenile bluegill (Lepomis
macrochirus). Aquatic Toxicology 27:265-280.
Coyle, J. J., D. R. Buckler, C. G. Ingersoll, J. F. Fairchild, and T. W. May, 1993. Effect
of dietary selenium on the reproductive success of bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus).
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 12: 551-56 5.
Cumbie, P. M., and S. L. Van Horn. 1978. Selenium accumulation associated with
fish mortality and reproductive failure. Proceedings ofthe Annual Conference ofthe
Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 32:612-624.
Gillespie, R. B., and P. C. Baumann. 1986. Effects of high tissue concentrations of
selenium on reproduction by bluegills. Transactions ofthe American Fisheries Society 115:208-213.
Hamilton, S. J., K. J. Buh!, N. L. Faerber, R. H. Wiedmeyer, and F. A. Bullard, 1990.
Toxicity of organic selenium in the diet to chinook salmon. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 9:347-358.
Hermanutz, R. O. 1992. Malformation of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)
in an ecosystem with elevated selenium concentrations. Bulletin ofEnvironmental
Contamination and Toxicology 49:290-294.
99
lation level, which is typically a very difficult parameter to determine
for contaminants in a field setting. Fourth, it is a technique that goes
hand-in-hand with the Protocol (see Chapter 4) to provide a comprehensive approach for investigating selenium contamination issues. The
Protocol is a predictive tool that determines the degree of hazard present,
and the TDI provides site-specific verification of selenium poisoning
and assesses the magnitude of toxic impacts to current and future generations of fish. Fifth, the TDI can be used to evaluate and predict
impacts to fish populations without the expenditure of large amounts
of time and money on contaminant monitoring that, in itself, leaves
important questions unanswered. Application of this technique will
facilitate efficient use of personnel and funds early in the assessment
process and allow for rapid transition to the next phase (ie, developing
site-specific water quality criteria [see Chapter 7]) in resolving selenium issues.
References
Bryson, W. T., W. R. Garrett, M. A. Mallin, K. A. MacPherson, W. E. Partin, and S.
E. Woock. 1984. Roxboro Steam Electric Plant 1982 environmental monitoring
studies. Vol. 2. Hyco Reservoir bioassay studies. New Hill, NC. Carolina Power
and Light Company. Technical Report.
Bryson, W. T., W. R. Garrett, M. A. Mallin, K. A. MacPherson, W. E. Partin, and S.
E. Woack. 1985a. Roxboro Steam Electric Plant-Hyco Reservoir 1983 bioassay
report. New Hill, NC. Carolina Power and Light Company. Technical Report.
Bryson, W. T., M. A. Mallin, K. A. MacPherson, W. E. Partin, and S. E. Woock.
1985b. Roxboro Steam Electric Plant-Hyco Reservoir 1984 bioassay report.
New HilL NC. Carolina Power and Light Company. Technical Report.
Cleveland, L., E. E. Little, D. R. Buckler, and R. H. Wiedmeyer. 1993. Toxicity and
bioaccumulation of waterborne and dietary selenium in juvenile bluegill (Lepomis
macrochirus). Aquatic Toxicology 27:265-280.
Coyle, J. J., D. R. Buckler, C. G. Ingersoll, J. F. Fairchild, and T. W. May, 1993. Effect
of dietary selenium on the reproductive success of bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus).
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 12: 551-56 5.
Cumbie, P. M., and S. L. Van Horn. 1978. Selenium accumulation associated with
fish mortality and reproductive failure. Proceedings ofthe Annual Conference ofthe
Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 32:612-624.
Gillespie, R. B., and P. C. Baumann. 1986. Effects of high tissue concentrations of
selenium on reproduction by bluegills. Transactions ofthe American Fisheries Society 115:208-213.
Hamilton, S. J., K. J. Buh!, N. L. Faerber, R. H. Wiedmeyer, and F. A. Bullard, 1990.
Toxicity of organic selenium in the diet to chinook salmon. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 9:347-358.
Hermanutz, R. O. 1992. Malformation of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)
in an ecosystem with elevated selenium concentrations. Bulletin ofEnvironmental
Contamination and Toxicology 49:290-294.