318
Maher DT, Eyre BD (2012) Carbon budgets for three autotrophic Australian estuaries: implications
for global estimates of the coastal air-water CO 2 flux. Glob Biogeochem Cycles 26:GB1032
McIntyre NE, Knowles-Yánez K, Hope D (2000) Urban ecology as an interdisciplinary field: differences in the use of “urban” between the social and natural sciences. Urban Ecosyst 4:5–24
McLeod E, Chmura GL, Bouillon S et al (2011) A blueprint for blue carbon: toward an improved
understanding of the role of vegetated coastal habitats in sequestering CO 2 . Front Ecol Environ
9:552–560
Middelburg JJ, Nieuwenhuize J, Lubberts RK, van de Plassche O (1997) Organic carbon isotope
systematics of coastal marshes. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 45:681–687
Miyajima T, Hamaguchi M (2018) Carbon sequestration in sediment as an ecosystem function
of seagrass meadows. In: Kuwae T, Hori M (eds) Blue carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems:
carbon dynamics, policy, and implementation. Springer, Singapore, pp 33–71
Miyajima T, Hori M, Hamaguchi M et al (2015) Geographic variability in organic carbon stock
and accumulation rate in sediments of East and Southeast Asian seagrass meadows. Glob
Biogeochem Cycles 29:397–415
Miyajima T, Hori M, Hamaguchi M, Shimabukuro H, Yoshida G (2017) Geophysical constraints
for organic carbon sequestration capacity of Zostera marina seagrass meadows and surrounding habitats. Limnol Oceanogr 62:954–972
Moran MA, Sheldon WM, Zepp RG (2000) Carbon loss and optical property changes during longterm photochemical and biological degradation of estuarine dissolved organic matter. Limnol
Oceanogr 45:1254–1264
Nellemann C, Corcoran E, Duarte CM et al (2009) Blue carbon: a rapid response assessment.
United Nations Environmental Programme, GRID-Arendal, Birkeland Trykkeri AS, Birkeland
Obrador B, Pretus JL (2012) Budgets of organic and inorganic carbon in a Mediterranean coastal
lagoon dominated by submerged vegetation. Hydrobiology 699:35–54
Ogawa H, Amagai Y, Koike I, Kaiser K, Benner R (2001) Production of refractory dissolved
organic matter by bacteria. Science 292:917–920
Otani S, Endo T (2018) CO 2 flux in tidal flats and salt marshes. In: Kuwae T, Hori M (eds) Blue
carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems: carbon dynamics, policy, and implementation. Springer,
Singapore, pp 223–250
Parkin GF, Owen WF (1986) Fundamentals of anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludges.
J Environ Eng 112:867–920
Pendleton L, Donato DC, Murray BC et al (2012) Estimating global “blue carbon” emissions from
conversion and degradation of vegetated coastal ecosystems. PLoS One 7:e43542
Le Quéré C, Moriarty R, Andrew RM et al (2018) Global Carbon Budget 2017. Earth Syst Sci
Data 10:405–448
Raymond PA, Bauer JE, Cole JJ (2000) Atmospheric CO 2 evasion, dissolved inorganic carbon
production, and net heterotrophy in the York River estuary. Limnol Oceanogr 45:1707–1717
Raymond PA, Hartmann J, Lauerwald R et al (2013) Global carbon dioxide emissions from inland
waters. Nature 503:355–359
Regnier PAG, Friedlingstein P, Ciais P et al (2013) Anthropogenic perturbation of the carbon
fluxes from land to ocean. Nat Geosci 6:597–607
Rysgaard S, Mortensen J, Juul-Pedersen T et al (2012) High air–sea CO 2 uptake rates in nearshore
and shelf areas of southern Greenland: temporal and spatial variability. Mar Chem 128:26–33
Sedlak RI (1991) Phosphorus and nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater: principles and
practice. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Sholkovitz ER (1976) Flocculation of dissolved organic and inorganic matter during the mixing of
river water and seawater. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 40:831–845
Smith SV (1981) Marine macrophytes as a global carbon sink. Science 211:838–840
Sugimatsu K, Yagi H, Abo K et al (2015) A coupled particle tracking– carbon cycle modeling system for sedimentary organic carbon derived from drafting seagrass in Seto Inland Sea. JSCE
Annu J Coast Eng 71:1387–1392 (in Japanese, English summary)
T. Kuwae et al.
Maher DT, Eyre BD (2012) Carbon budgets for three autotrophic Australian estuaries: implications
for global estimates of the coastal air-water CO 2 flux. Glob Biogeochem Cycles 26:GB1032
McIntyre NE, Knowles-Yánez K, Hope D (2000) Urban ecology as an interdisciplinary field: differences in the use of “urban” between the social and natural sciences. Urban Ecosyst 4:5–24
McLeod E, Chmura GL, Bouillon S et al (2011) A blueprint for blue carbon: toward an improved
understanding of the role of vegetated coastal habitats in sequestering CO 2 . Front Ecol Environ
9:552–560
Middelburg JJ, Nieuwenhuize J, Lubberts RK, van de Plassche O (1997) Organic carbon isotope
systematics of coastal marshes. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 45:681–687
Miyajima T, Hamaguchi M (2018) Carbon sequestration in sediment as an ecosystem function
of seagrass meadows. In: Kuwae T, Hori M (eds) Blue carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems:
carbon dynamics, policy, and implementation. Springer, Singapore, pp 33–71
Miyajima T, Hori M, Hamaguchi M et al (2015) Geographic variability in organic carbon stock
and accumulation rate in sediments of East and Southeast Asian seagrass meadows. Glob
Biogeochem Cycles 29:397–415
Miyajima T, Hori M, Hamaguchi M, Shimabukuro H, Yoshida G (2017) Geophysical constraints
for organic carbon sequestration capacity of Zostera marina seagrass meadows and surrounding habitats. Limnol Oceanogr 62:954–972
Moran MA, Sheldon WM, Zepp RG (2000) Carbon loss and optical property changes during longterm photochemical and biological degradation of estuarine dissolved organic matter. Limnol
Oceanogr 45:1254–1264
Nellemann C, Corcoran E, Duarte CM et al (2009) Blue carbon: a rapid response assessment.
United Nations Environmental Programme, GRID-Arendal, Birkeland Trykkeri AS, Birkeland
Obrador B, Pretus JL (2012) Budgets of organic and inorganic carbon in a Mediterranean coastal
lagoon dominated by submerged vegetation. Hydrobiology 699:35–54
Ogawa H, Amagai Y, Koike I, Kaiser K, Benner R (2001) Production of refractory dissolved
organic matter by bacteria. Science 292:917–920
Otani S, Endo T (2018) CO 2 flux in tidal flats and salt marshes. In: Kuwae T, Hori M (eds) Blue
carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems: carbon dynamics, policy, and implementation. Springer,
Singapore, pp 223–250
Parkin GF, Owen WF (1986) Fundamentals of anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludges.
J Environ Eng 112:867–920
Pendleton L, Donato DC, Murray BC et al (2012) Estimating global “blue carbon” emissions from
conversion and degradation of vegetated coastal ecosystems. PLoS One 7:e43542
Le Quéré C, Moriarty R, Andrew RM et al (2018) Global Carbon Budget 2017. Earth Syst Sci
Data 10:405–448
Raymond PA, Bauer JE, Cole JJ (2000) Atmospheric CO 2 evasion, dissolved inorganic carbon
production, and net heterotrophy in the York River estuary. Limnol Oceanogr 45:1707–1717
Raymond PA, Hartmann J, Lauerwald R et al (2013) Global carbon dioxide emissions from inland
waters. Nature 503:355–359
Regnier PAG, Friedlingstein P, Ciais P et al (2013) Anthropogenic perturbation of the carbon
fluxes from land to ocean. Nat Geosci 6:597–607
Rysgaard S, Mortensen J, Juul-Pedersen T et al (2012) High air–sea CO 2 uptake rates in nearshore
and shelf areas of southern Greenland: temporal and spatial variability. Mar Chem 128:26–33
Sedlak RI (1991) Phosphorus and nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater: principles and
practice. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Sholkovitz ER (1976) Flocculation of dissolved organic and inorganic matter during the mixing of
river water and seawater. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 40:831–845
Smith SV (1981) Marine macrophytes as a global carbon sink. Science 211:838–840
Sugimatsu K, Yagi H, Abo K et al (2015) A coupled particle tracking– carbon cycle modeling system for sedimentary organic carbon derived from drafting seagrass in Seto Inland Sea. JSCE
Annu J Coast Eng 71:1387–1392 (in Japanese, English summary)
T. Kuwae et al.